scholarly journals The Development of Educational Aspirations and Expectations from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study of Mexican-Origin Youth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Lawson ◽  
Olivia E. Atherton ◽  
Emilio Ferrer ◽  
Richard Robins
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Aspirations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mexican Origin Youth ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Spanish Language Use

Mexican-origin youth are at increased risk for school dropout and low educational attainment. High educational aspirations and expectations provide a potential source of resilience, given that they predict positive educational outcomes. Using data from a large sample of Mexican-origin youth (N=674), we examined the development of educational aspirations (how far would you like to go in school?) and expectations (how far do you actually expect to go?) from seventh grade (Mage=12.8) to two years post-high school (Mage=19.8). Results indicate that Mexican-origin youth enter adolescence with very high aspirations and expectations, and maintain them even after transitioning into young adulthood. Several demographic and cultural factors, including parental education, family income, the cultural value of familism, ethnic identity, and Spanish language use, were associated with higher aspirations and expectations.

scholarly journals The Development of Educational Aspirations and Expectations From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study of Mexican-Origin Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 965-974
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Lawson ◽  
Olivia E. Atherton ◽  
Emilio Ferrer ◽  
Richard W. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Aspirations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mexican Origin Youth ◽  
Using Data

Mexican-origin youth are at increased risk for school dropout and low educational attainment. High educational aspirations and expectations provide a potential source of resilience, given their association with positive educational outcomes. Using data from a longitudinal study of 674 Mexican-origin youth, we examined the development of educational aspirations ("how far would you like to go in school?") and expectations ("how far do you actually expect to go?") from 7th grade ( M age = 12.8) to 2 years post–high school ( M age = 19.8). Results indicate that Mexican-origin youth enter adolescence with very high aspirations and expectations (e.g., 67% expect to graduate from college) and maintain them even after transitioning into young adulthood. Several demographic and cultural factors, including parent education level, family income, the cultural value of familism, ethnic identity, and Spanish language use, were associated with higher aspirations and expectations.

scholarly journals The Role of Temperament in the Onset of Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors across Adolescence: Findings from a 10-year Longitudinal Study of Mexican-Origin Youth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Lawson ◽  
John K. Kellerman ◽  
Evan Kleiman ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Christopher James Hopwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Positive Emotionality ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mexican Origin Youth ◽  
And Behaviors

Suicide among young people is an increasingly prevalent and devastating public health crisis around the world. To reduce the rate of suicide, it is important to identify factors that can help us better predict suicidal ideation and behaviors. Adolescent temperament (Effortful Control, Negative Emotionality, Positive Emotionality) may be a source of risk and resilience for the onset of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. The present study uses longitudinal data from a large community sample of Mexican-origin youth (N=674), assessed annually from age 12 to 21, to examine how temperament is associated with the onset of suicidal ideation and behaviors during adolescence and young adulthood. Results indicate that higher levels of Effortful Control (Activation Control, Inhibitory Control, Attention) are associated with decreased probability of experiencing the onset of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts, whereas higher levels of Negative Emotionality (particularly Aggression, Frustration, and Depressed Mood) are associated with increased probability of experiencing the onset of suicidal ideation and behaviors. Positive Emotionality (Surgency, Affiliation) was not associated with the onset of suicidal ideation and behaviors. Supplemental analyses showed conceptually similar findings for the Big Five, with Conscientiousness associated with decreased risk, Neuroticism associated with increased risk, and the other three dimensions showing largely null results. No meaningful differences emerged between boys and girls, or youth born in the U.S. versus Mexico. Overall, these findings suggest that adolescent temperament serves as both a risk factor (via Negative Emotionality) and a protective factor (via Effortful Control) for suicidal ideation and behaviors in Mexican-origin youth.

scholarly journals Egalitarian Australia? Associations between family wealth and outcomes in young adulthood

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Chesters
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Family Wealth ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Egalitarian Society ◽  
Parental Wealth ◽  
Using Data

Despite a widely held belief that Australia is an egalitarian society where social origin is less important than in many other advanced economies, previous research shows that there is an enduring association between socioeconomic status, as measured by parental education, and child’s educational attainment. Less attention has been paid to the effects of another indicator of socioeconomic status, namely family wealth, on educational attainment. In this article, I examine associations between parental wealth and educational attainment, occupational prestige and wealth in young adulthood using data from the Housing, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) project collected in 2002 and 2014. The results show that high levels of family wealth are associated with higher levels of educational attainment, occupational prestige and individual wealth in young adulthood.

scholarly journals The Co-Development of Chores and Effortful Control among Mexican-Origin Youth and Prospective Work Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica I. Damian ◽  
Olivia E. Atherton ◽  
Katherine M. Lawson ◽  
Richard Robins
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
Mexican Origin Youth ◽  
Working Student

The present research examined: (a) the co-development of chores and effortful control, and (b) the prospective impact of effortful control development (i.e., initial levels and the trajectory of effortful control from late childhood through adolescence) on work outcomes in young adulthood. We used data from a longitudinal study of 674 Mexican-origin youth assessed at ages 10, 12, 14, 16, and 19. We found no evidence of co-developmental associations between chores and effortful control, but we found that higher initial levels of effortful control (age 10) predicted working-student status, less job stress, and better job fit, and steeper increases in effortful control from age 10 to 16 predicted higher job satisfaction and job autonomy in young adulthood (age 19).

scholarly journals The development of shyness from late childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Lawson ◽  
Brenna Lewalani Barrett ◽  
Ryan J. Cerny ◽  
Kaitlyn E. Enrici ◽  
Juan Garcia-Cardenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Mexican Origin Youth ◽  
Using Data

Shyness, or the tendency to be inhibited and uncomfortable in novel social situations, is a consequential personality trait, especially during adolescence. The present study examined the development of shyness from late childhood (age 10) through adolescence (age 16) using data from a large, longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674). Using both self- and mother-reports of shyness assessed via the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised, we found moderate to high rank-order stabilities across two-year intervals and a mean-level decrease in shyness from age 10 to 16. Anxiety and depression were associated with higher initial levels of shyness, and anxiety was associated with greater decreases in shyness from age 10 to 16. Contrary to predictions, neither nativity (country of birth) nor language proficiency (English, Spanish) was associated with the development of shyness across adolescence. Thus, youth generally decline in shyness during adolescence, although there is substantial individual variability in shyness trajectories.

scholarly journals Life Satisfaction Trajectories during Adolescence and the Transition to Young Adulthood: Findings from a Longitudinal Study of Mexican-origin Youth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C Willroth ◽  
Olivia E. Atherton ◽  
Richard Robins
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Mexican Origin Youth ◽  
Middle Adolescence ◽  
Being There

Despite the importance of life satisfaction for health and well-being, there is a paucity of longitudinal studies tracking changes in life satisfaction in ethnic minority youth. Using a sample of 674 Mexican-origin youth, the present research examined life satisfaction trajectories from middle (age 14) to late adolescence (age 17) and from late adolescence to young adulthood (age 21). On average, life satisfaction did not change significantly from age 14 to 17, and then decreased from age 17 to 21 (d = .30), perhaps reflecting difficulties transitioning into adult roles. Drawing on ecological systems theory, we examined both proximal (i.e., family) and distal (i.e., social-contextual) environmental factors (measured via self- and parent-reports) that may account for between-person variation in life satisfaction trajectories. Youth with more positive family environments in middle adolescence (age 14) had higher mean life satisfaction from middle adolescence to young adulthood (age 21). In contrast, youth with more negative family environments and who experienced greater economic hardship and more ethnic discrimination in middle adolescence (age 14) had lower life satisfaction during this period. Many of these factors also predicted change in life satisfaction from middle (age 14) to late adolescence (age 17), but not from late adolescence to young adulthood (age 21). This research extends the current understanding of life satisfaction during a critical developmental period in an understudied population.

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

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