scholarly journals COVID-19 and Wellbeing: Demographics, Individual Differences, and Leadership Help Explain Pandemic Impact

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Grawitch ◽  
Kristi Lavigne ◽  
Andrea Cornelius ◽  
Roger Gill ◽  
Steven Winton
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Leadership Perceptions ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Work Training

Across the globe, COVID-19 continues to disrupt everyday lives, with serious consequences for individuals' health and wellbeing. This retrospective, multinational survey study draws upon the Personal Resource Allocation (PRA) framework to explore how various demographic factors, individual differences, and leadership determine the perceived and actual impact of COVID-19 on health (mental, physical) and wellbeing (work, home, general) across five countries: Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Having dependents under 12, working more hours since the onset, and having essential worker status led to better wellbeing outcomes. All three individual differences (adaptivity, resilience, remote work training) were positively related to engagement, with resilience and remote work also relating to better health for these individuals. Lastly, perceptions of COVID impact on mental and physical health had negative consequences for general wellbeing, while effective leadership perceptions predicted work engagement. No differences were found between the five countries. Findings highlight the importance of personal resources in determining the pandemic’s impact on wellbeing.

scholarly journals Specific harm reduction strategies employed by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetmine/ ecstasy users in the United States and the United Kingdom

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205032451771106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan K Davis ◽  
Harold Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Assessment Period ◽  
Reduction Strategies

Both recreational and problematic 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)/ecstasy users could benefit from employing harm reduction interventions intended to preserve health and prevent negative consequences. To evaluate whether use of such interventions varied by country of residence and frequency of ecstasy use, we used web-based surveys to assess how often 104 lower-frequency and higher-frequency American ecstasy users and 80 lower-frequency and higher-frequency British ecstasy users employed each of 19 self-initiated harm reduction strategies when they used ecstasy during a 2-month period. Several significant differences notwithstanding, at least 75% of participants had used 11 of the 19 strategies one or more times during the 2-month assessment period, regardless of whether they lived in the United States or United Kingdom and whether they were lower-frequency or higher-frequency ecstasy users. When proportions of American and British participants using a strategy differed significantly, it was typically larger proportions of Americans using those strategies. Many of the less frequently employed strategies are not applicable on every occasion of ecstasy use. However, because ecstasy is not a diverted pharmaceutical of known quality/potency, testing for the presence of MDMA, other stimulants, and adulterants is a strategy that everyone should employ, regardless of country of residence or how frequently one consumes ecstasy.

‘All at the tap of a button’: Mapping the food app landscape

2021 ◽  
pp. 136754942110557
Author(s):  
Deborah Lupton
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Materialism ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Android Apps ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
Embodied Self ◽  
Google Play

Mobile applications (commonly known as ‘apps’) are highly popular forms of software, with hundreds of billions of downloads globally each year. The ways in which the affordances of apps are portrayed on the app store platforms are crucial in sparking consumers’ initial interest. This article presents findings from the ‘Mapping the Food App Landscape’ study. The following two sources of online material were used in this study: (1) descriptions of food-related apps available in the Google Play store; and (2) the lists of the top-most installed free Android apps presented in the App Annie app analytics platform for Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. The analytical approach is distinctive in bringing together the key feminist new materialism concepts of affective forces, relational connections and agential capacities with that of the promissory narrative. The study’s findings show that inapp publishers’ efforts to entice users, the Google Play app descriptions presented food apps as solutions to or escapes from the stresses and difficulties of everyday life. These app descriptions promised to generate excitement, fun and pleasure (games apps); configure and support convenient food supply and preparation arrangements (food ordering and delivery, meal planning and recipe apps); offer reassurance and better control over the body and encourage greater embodied self-awareness, health and wellbeing (food-tracking and nutrition apps); and contribute to creative and novel experiments in cooking (recipe apps). These findings map the landscape of food apps and the sociocultural contexts in which they are being created, published and adopted.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE LABOR LAW IMPLEMENTATION IN RUSSIA, CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
N.V. Gorodnova ◽  
◽  
N.A. Samarskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The article summarizes the world and domestic practice of the formation and implementation of the regulatory framework for organizing remote work in the context of the spread of coronavirus disease. The aim of the study is to scientifically substantiate the problem of the impact of the negative consequences of the pandemic on the rights of workers in the field of labor relations, a comparative analysis of the labor legislation of the United States and China and the development on its basis of recommendations for employers to curb the spread of coronavirus disease in the workplace, to protect and preserve the health of employees. The subject of the study is to assess the realization of the right to work of an employee working safely or remotely. The authors apply the methods of statistical research, analysis of scientific literature and open sources. The conclusion is made about the necessity and prospects of cooperation between the Russian Federation and economically developed countries in the near future on the basis of the experience gained by the world community in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study will be useful to specialists involved in organizing labor in a pandemic.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

Creating a ‘Masala’ Self: Bicultural Identity in Desi Young Adult Novels

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Superle
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young People ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Small Body ◽  
The United States ◽  
Young Adult Fiction ◽  
Bicultural Identity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Institutional Forces ◽  
Cultural Identity Development

In the past two decades, the previously silent voices of diasporic Indian writers for young people have emerged, and a small body of texts has begun to develop in the United States and the United Kingdom. One of the major preoccupations of these texts is cultural identity development, especially in the novels published for a young adult audience, which often feature protagonists in the throes of an identity crisis. For example, the novels The Roller Birds of Rampur (1991) by Indi Rana, Born Confused (2002) by Tanuja Desai Hidier, and The Not-So-Star-Spangled Life of Sunita Sen (2005) by Mitali Perkins all focus on an adolescent girl coping with her bicultural identity with angst and confusion, and delineate the ways her self-concept and relationships are affected. The texts are empowering in their suggestion that young people have the agency to explore and create their own balanced bicultural identities, but like other young adult fiction, they ultimately situate adolescents within insurmountable institutional forces that are much more powerful than any individual.

Science, Politics, and the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (820) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
J. Nicholas Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Advice ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
The Uk

Comparing the virus responses in Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States shows that in order for scientific expertise to result in effective policy, rational political leadership is required. Each of these three countries is known for advanced biomedical research, yet their experiences in the COVID-19 pandemic diverged widely. Germany’s political leadership carefully followed scientific advice and organized public–private partnerships to scale up testing, resulting in relatively low infection levels. The UK and US political responses were far more erratic and less informed by scientific advice—and proved much less effective.

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