scholarly journals Exploring teachers’ influence on student motivation in multicultural classrooms: A comparative network analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Su Abacioglu ◽  
Adela-Maria Isvoranu ◽  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Jochem Thijs ◽  
Sacha Epskamp
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Multicultural Classroom ◽  
Comparative Network Analysis ◽  
Multicultural Classrooms ◽  
Factor Of Influence

Students who have better relationships with their peers and teachers are more likely to be motivated to engage in learning activities. The aim of the present study was to introduce the application of a novel methodological approach in order to explore plausible mechanisms with which teachers’ perceived approach to multiculturalism influences student motivation in relation to students’ peer relationships. We constructed psychological network models, using existing data, to map out multicultural classroom interactions. We conclude that teachers’ approach to multiculturalism might constitute a distal (main) factor of influence on both ethnic majority and minority students’ motivation. In addition, social integration might constitute a more proximate (more immediate) factor of influence for ethnic minority group children, signaling a possible process of mediation. The hypothesis generating nature of our study speaks to the need for further investigating the influence of teachers’ approach to multiculturalism on student motivation in relation to social integration.

scholarly journals Complexity and Vulnerability Analysis of Critical Infrastructures: A Methodological Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongliang Deng ◽  
Liangliang Song ◽  
Zhipeng Zhou ◽  
Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Vulnerability Analysis ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
System Component ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
New Research

Vulnerability analysis of network models has been widely adopted to explore the potential impacts of random disturbances, deliberate attacks, and natural disasters. However, almost all these models are based on a fixed topological structure, in which the physical properties of infrastructure components and their interrelationships are not well captured. In this paper, a new research framework is put forward to quantitatively explore and assess the complexity and vulnerability of critical infrastructure systems. Then, a case study is presented to prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed framework. After constructing metro physical network (MPN), Pajek is employed to analyze its corresponding topological properties, including degree, betweenness, average path length, network diameter, and clustering coefficient. With a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of MPN, it would be beneficial for metro system to restrain original near-miss or accidents and support decision-making in emergency situations. Moreover, through the analysis of two simulation protocols for system component failure, it is found that the MPN turned to be vulnerable under the condition that the high-degree nodes or high-betweenness edges are attacked. These findings will be conductive to offer recommendations and proposals for robust design, risk-based decision-making, and prioritization of risk reduction investment.

scholarly journals Exploring the Manifestations, Causes and Effects Of Marginalization: The Case of ‘Wood Workers’ Among the Gurage, South-Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshettu Tesfaye Retta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
South Central ◽  
Level Of Motivation

This study was conducted to explore the causes and effects of marginalization and social inequality that characterizes ‘Wood Workers’ minority group in Gurage Zone, south-central Ethiopia. It carefully examines the overall living situations of ‘Wood Workers’ in terms of economic, social and political aspects within the socio-cultural context of the host society. Traditionally, this group lost the rights and privileges in the society at large and they are not equally treated similar to other groups. In this study, a qualitative methodological approach is employed in extracting information from different sources on the subject in question. The study relied mainly on primary and secondary sources. Based on the findings, as far as the causes of marginalization is concerned, the norms, beliefs and the way of life that defines the ‘Wood Workers’ and the roles they undertake in the society have been seen as extremely important factors. Moreover, the causes, levels and effects of marginalization and social inequality of these minority groups are multifaceted and alarming. Regarding the effects of marginalization, the ‘Wood Workers’ have been facing challenges such as limited access to social services like education and health services, low self-esteem, severe poverty, lack of genuine interaction with the rest of the peoples of the study area and low level of motivation to enhance their level of wellbeing.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGICAL APPROACH TO QUALITY LEVEL DEFINITION OF OBJECTS AND PROCESSES IN ORGANIZATION SYSTEM CONTROL

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Анна Морозова ◽  
Anna Morozova ◽  
Владимир Мельников ◽  
Vladimir Melnikov ◽  
Игорь Дроздов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
System Control ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Anal Ysis ◽  
Information Object ◽  
Typological Approach

The purpose of this work consists in the presentation of the results of the theoretical generalization of the problem in the quality level definition in processes and objects of arbitrary origin with the use of a typological approach as a basis of control in organization systems. In the investigation there were used methods of a system analysis, a mathematical modeling of multi-parametric social objects, methods of a structural anal-ysis and also a methodology of a universal quality management (UQM). Investigation results. A multidimensional information object space of matrices of groups of quality indices is considered, a generalized model of a twodimensional matrix of relations of quality indices parameters in Cartesian coordinates is presented, quality indices are shown and their application for adaptive marketing control is shown, a procedure for the quality assessment of objects with the aid of models of a neuro-network typification is offered, and the expediency of basic directions realization in strategy of quality control regarding the set of objects and processes of an organization system under analysis is also substantiated. As an example there is considered a neuro-network approach at the typification of engineering positions in modern mechanical engineering and procedures on the basis of a competence approach of the identification process of young specialists with available vacant seats. Conclusions. The quality parameters are a com-plex category in control of objects/processes and can be considered as a general methodological approach to the control of different organization systems. At the same time there can be used simulators of quality me-tering and typification, and also clusterization and grouping quality indices with the aid of which it is possible to ensure efficiently enough the realization of the identification procedure of objects/processes on quality indices with the application of neuro-network models.

The differential impact of parent and peer-related interpersonal stress on risk for psychopathology: An examination across three timescales

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Huettig ◽  
John Coleman Flournoy
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interpersonal Stress ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Peer Stress ◽  
The Impact

***This is a draft preprint meant to solicit input from the broader scientific community prior to finalization and is thus subject to substantial changes before publication.*** Adolescence is a developmental period, during which peer relationships and interactions become more influential. Existing literature on the effects of relationship quality on mental health outcomes, however, has found that family relationships have robust effects on internalizing symptoms, and peer relationships have an inconsistent impact depending on measures and study design. This has led to a narrative that familial relationships remain the primary interpersonal factor in emerging psychopathology throughout adolescence even though this inferred difference between family and peer environments has never been directly tested. In the present series of three studies, we examined how family and peer relationships separately influence concurrent and prospective internalizing symptoms during adolescence. With a coordinated methodological approach across two independent samples, we utilized multiple types of measurements to analyze the impact these interpersonal domains across complementary timescales (yearly, monthly, and within-day) in two different samples. Study 1 relied on a sample of 169 male and female participants, 8-17 years old, and Studies 2 and 3 relied on a sample of 30 females, who were 15-17 years old. We used linear regression and mixed-effect modeling to examine the comparative between- and within-person effects of family versus peer stress on depression and anxiety, while controlling for other forms of stress. We found that stress from family relationships has consistent between- and within-person effects on internalizing outcomes at all time scales, and often times this leads to family stress being significantly more influential than peer stress. This pattern is not always true, though, as individual difference in episodic (event-based) stress from peers shows a pattern of being more influential on internalizing symptoms than differences in episodic family stress. Subsequently peer environments appear to affect psychopathology more through via episodic stressors like conflicts and arguments than on chronic indicators of status among peers. Finally, unexpected patterns related to whether objective and self-report stress measures were used suggest that within-person effects of episodic interpersonal stress potentially function largely through individuals’ perceptions instead of the objective situation.

The Radicalization of Contention in Northern Ireland, 1968-1972: A Relational Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca De Fazio
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Political Opportunities ◽  
Relational Perspective

This article investigates the radicalization of contention in Northern Ireland between 1968 and 1972 using a relational perspective and methodological approach. Two arenas of contention, movement-countermovement interactions and the structure of political opportunities and threats, are examined to understand the outbreak of the "Troubles" in Northern Ireland. The evolution of radical contention is explored through Quantitative Narrative Analysis (QNA), an innovative method that systematically records social actors and their interactions within an event. Relying on computer-assisted story grammars [the Subject (S) - Action (A) - Object (O) sequence and their modifiers] to parse narrative data, 6,035 semantic triplets were stored in a relational database. Sequential network models are used to analyze the database and reconstruct the nature and evolution of the interactions among the main political actors involved in the Troubles. Four distinct phases of the conflict are unveiled through network models of violence, indicating how and when the conflict radicalized, and how actors shifted their strategies of contention. Archival data are used to specify how mechanisms of radicalization, such as hostile counter-mobilization, repression, object shift and boundary activation, engendered the conflict.

scholarly journals Factor Structure of Multicultural Teaching Competency Scale for School-teachers in Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chi Hung Leung ◽  
◽  
Ming Tak Hue
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Tripartite Model ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Multicultural Classroom ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Multicultural Classrooms ◽  
Core Features

This study investigates the perceptions of teaching competency in multicultural classrooms held by 421 teachers at 16 schools in Hong Kong. The aims of the study are (a) to use confirmatory factor analysis to validate a culturally appropriate version of the Multicultural Teaching Competency Scale (MTCS), (b) to assess three types of multicultural-teaching competency, and (c) to provide recommendations for teacher-education institutes and policy makers on developing effective training in multicultural education. The results indicate that a tripartite model assessing skills, knowledge, and relationships, the core features of multicultural-teaching competency as assessed by the MTCS from a Hong Kong sample. The teachers all identified multicultural-teaching relationships as the most important component of multicultural-teaching competency. Future researchers should examine the concurrent validity of the MTCS and the cultural contexts of multicultural-teaching relationships. Recommendations are also made for incorporating the Confucian beliefs of fairness, justice, and equity into multicultural classroom.

scholarly journals Social class differences in social integration at university: Implications for academic outcomes and mental health

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rubin ◽  
Olivia Evans ◽  
Romany McGuffog
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Class Environment ◽  
Working Class Students

University represents a pathway to upward social mobility for many working-class people. However, this distinctly middle-class environment also provides a number of unique social psychological challenges for working-class students. Working-class university students are often in the minority group at university, they are often the first in their families to attend university, and they often feel out of place at university. They also lack the time and money required to engage with other students on campus. Consequently, they are less likely to be as integrated into social life at university as their middle-class peers. In this chapter, we consider the potential implications of this lack of social integration for working-class students’ academic outcomes and mental health. In particular, we review recent research that shows that working-class students’ lack of integration at university is associated with poorer academic outcomes and poorer mental health. We conclude with a discussion of potential interventions to increase working-class students’ social integration at university.

Brexit, Birmingham, belonging and home: the experience of secondary migrant Somali families and the dirty work of boundary maintenance

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Allen ◽  
Özlem Ögtem-Young
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Dirty Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Boundary Maintenance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of the Brexit referendum on feelings of belonging and home among secondary migrant Somali families in the city of Birmingham. Here, the Brexit referendum is understood through the analytical framework of the politics of belonging in that it functioned as a political mechanism that demarcated who was able to belong and who was not. Design/methodology/approach This research was qualitatively designed, comprising 25 in-depth, semi-structured interviews that used a whole family methodological approach. In doing so, this paper considers how the referendum challenged notions of citizenship as well as community and individual identities. Findings For the families engaged, they experienced the referendum as a mechanism that immediately conveyed notions of “otherness” and “foreign-ness” onto them, thereby creating anxiety, uncertainty and instability. This paper argues that the emotional components of belonging were also challenged to the extent that feelings of security, safety and “home” became rendered meaningless through the disempowering impact of the referendum via the removal of autonomy and choice in the bonds that exist between people and places. Originality/value This paper generates new knowledge about the impact of the Brexit referendum. As “one-off” event, this research provides new insights into the political, social and cultural impacts of the vote. It considers a minority group that is seen to be hard to reach and thereby under-researched.

scholarly journals Enhancing Student Motivation in Secondary School Mathematics Courses: A Methodological Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vergara ◽  
Fernández ◽  
Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Mathematics Courses ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Subject

In this paper, a teaching experience carried out within the framework of the subject of mathematics is presented. This subject is taught at several levels in secondary schools. In addition to some specific content related with mathematics (percentages, fractions, graphics, and bank interest), the methodology is designed in order to enhance the development of transversal skills (e.g., oral exposition, poster design and presentation, the analysis of social inequalities, etc.). Survey results based on the responses from over 110 students across four consecutive years, as well as the teacher’s self-assessment, indicate that the proposed methodology enhanced the students’ motivation and was helpful for developing mathematical content in a more pleasant way than in a conventional class based on a master class and problem-solving class.

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