Individual differences in the relationship between episodic detail generation and resting state functional connectivity vary with age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Matijevic ◽  
Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna ◽  
Aubrey Anne Ladd Wank ◽  
Lee Ryan ◽  
Matthew D. Grilli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The ability to generate episodic details while recollecting autobiographical events is believed to depend on a collection of brain regions that form a posterior medial network (PMN). How age-related differences in episodic detail generation relate to the PMN, however, remains unclear. The present study sought to examine individual differences, and the role of age, in PMN resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) associations with episodic detail generation. Late middle-aged and older adults (N = 41, ages 52-81), and young adults (N = 21, ages 19-35) were asked to describe recent personal events, and these memory narratives were coded for episodic, semantic and ‘miscellaneous’ details. Independent components analysis and regions-of-interest analyses were used to assess rsFC within anterior PMN connections (hippocampal and medial prefrontal) and posterior PMN connections (hippocampal, parahippocampal and parieto-occipital). Compared to younger adults, older adults produced memory narratives with lower episodic specificity (ratio of episodic:total details) and a greater amount of semantic detail. Among the older adults, episodic detail amounts and episodic specificity were reduced with increasing age. There were no significant age differences in PMN rsFC. Stronger anterior PMN rsFC was related to lower episodic detail in the older adult group, but not in the young. Among the older adults, increasing age brought on an association between increased anterior PMN rsFC and reduced episodic specificity. The present study provides evidence that functional connectivity within the PMN, particularly anterior PMN, tracks individual differences in the amount of episodic details retrieved by older adults. Furthermore, these brain-behavior relationships appear to be age-specific.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in resting-state functional connectivity in older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Farras-Permanyer ◽  
Núria Mancho-Fora ◽  
Marc Montalà-Flaquer ◽  
David Bartrés-Faz ◽  
Lídia Vaqué-Alcázar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Multiple bouts of high-intensity interval exercise reverse age-related functional connectivity disruptions without affecting motor learning in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Greeley ◽  
Briana Chau ◽  
Christina B. Jones ◽  
Jason L. Neva ◽  
Sarah N. Kraeutner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Implicit Motor ◽  
High Intensity Interval

AbstractExercise has emerged as an intervention that may mitigate age-related resting state functional connectivity and sensorimotor decline. Here, 42 healthy older adults rested or completed 3 sets of high-intensity interval exercise for a total of 23 min, then immediately practiced an implicit motor task with their non-dominant hand across five separate sessions. Participants completed resting state functional MRI before the first and after the fifth day of practice; they also returned 24-h and 35-days later to assess short- and long-term retention. Independent component analysis of resting state functional MRI revealed increased connectivity in the frontoparietal, the dorsal attentional, and cerebellar networks in the exercise group relative to the rest group. Seed-based analysis showed strengthened connectivity between the limbic system and right cerebellum, and between the right cerebellum and bilateral middle temporal gyri in the exercise group. There was no motor learning advantage for the exercise group. Our data suggest that exercise paired with an implicit motor learning task in older adults can augment resting state functional connectivity without enhancing behaviour beyond that stimulated by skilled motor practice.

scholarly journals Inferior Frontal Gyrus-Based Resting-State Functional Connectivity and Medium Dispositional Use of Reappraisal Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Li ◽  
Ke Xie ◽  
Ronald K. Ngetich ◽  
Junjun Zhang ◽  
Zhenlan Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
The Relationship

The previous neuroimaging functional connectivity analyses have indicated that the association between the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and other brain regions results in better emotion regulation in reappraisal tasks. However, no study has explored the relationship between IFG-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and the dispositional use of reappraisal strategy. Therefore, the present study examined the potential associations between rsFC patterns of both left and right IFG and dispositional reappraisal use. One hundred healthy participants completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisition. An approach of the seed-based rsFC analysis was recruited to estimate the functional connectivity maps of bilateral IFG with other brain regions, and the reappraisal scores from the ERQ were then correlated with the functional maps. Our findings showed that IFG-based rsFC was positively correlated with dispositional reappraisal only in the range of 4 to 5.5 points [medium reappraisal group (MRG)]. Specifically, medium dispositional reappraisal was positively correlated with rsFC between left/right IFG and bilateral temporal gyrus. Besides, medium dispositional reappraisal was positively correlated with rsFC between left IFG and bilateral superior parietal lobe (SPL), middle cingulate cortex (MCC), and right insula, as well as between right IFG and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In conclusion, these results indicate that bilateral IFG plays an important role in the medium use of the reappraisal strategy.

scholarly journals Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Punishment Network Associated With Conformity

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Du ◽  
Yinan Wang ◽  
Mengxia Yu ◽  
Xue Tian ◽  
Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Brain

Fear of punishment prompts individuals to conform. However, why some people are more inclined than others to conform despite being unaware of any obvious punishment remains unclear, which means the dispositional determinants of individual differences in conformity propensity are poorly understood. Here, we explored whether such individual differences might be explained by individuals’ stable neural markers to potential punishment. To do this, we first defined the punishment network (PN) by combining all potential brain regions involved in punishment processing. We subsequently used a voxel-based global brain connectivity (GBC) method based on resting-state functional connectivity (FC) to characterize the hubs in the PN, which reflected an ongoing readiness state (i.e., sensitivity) for potential punishment. Then, we used the within-network connectivity (WNC) of each voxel in the PN of 264 participants to explain their tendency to conform by using a conformity scale. We found that a stronger WNC in the right thalamus, left insula, postcentral gyrus, and dACC was associated with a stronger tendency to conform. Furthermore, the FC among the four hubs seemed to form a three-phase ascending pathway, contributing to conformity propensity at every phase. Thus, our results suggest that task-independent spontaneous connectivity in the PN could predispose individuals to conform.

scholarly journals Multiple bouts of high-intensity interval exercise reverse age-related functional connectivity disruptions without affecting motor learning in older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Greeley ◽  
Briana Chau ◽  
Christina B. Jones ◽  
Jason L. Neva ◽  
Sarah N. Kraeutner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Motor Practice ◽  
High Intensity Interval

AbstractOlder adults show both age-related decreases in resting state functional connectivity and diminished sensorimotor function. Exercise has emerged as an intervention that may mitigate or even reverse these age-related declines. Here we sought to understand whether exercise impacts resting state functional connectivity, and motor acquisition and learning in older adults. Forty-two healthy older adults rested or completed 3 sets of high-intensity interval exercise (3 minutes at 75% maximal power output and 3 minutes light intensity) for a total of 23 minutes, then immediately practiced a complex, implicit motor task with their non-dominant hand across five separate sessions. Participants completed resting stage functional MRI before the first and after the fifth day of practice; they also returned 24-hours and 35-days following their fifth day of practice to complete short- and long-term retention tests to assess motor learning. Independent component analysis of resting state functional MRI revealed increased connectivity in the frontoparietal, the dorsal attentional, and cerebellar networks in the exercise group relative to the rest group. Seed-based analysis showed strengthened connectivity between the limbic system and right cerebellum, and between the right cerebellum and bilateral middle temporal gyri. There was no motor learning advantage for the exercise group; both rest and exercise groups demonstrated motor learning as measured at the short- and long-term retention tests. Our data suggest that exercise paired with a challenging implicit motor learning task in older adults can augment resting state functional connectivity without enhancing behaviour beyond that stimulated by skilled motor practice.Significance statementAging is accompanied by significant declines in the capacity for motor learning and changes in resting state functional connectivity; the net result is poor motor performance. Here, we show that five separate bouts of exercise paired with skilled motor practice strengthens resting state networks in brain regions that are susceptible to declines in older adults without affecting motor acquisition or learning. Overall, our results suggest that exercise may be effective in reducing age-related disruptions to resting state networks but not in enhancing motor learning beyond that stimulated by practice alone in older adults.

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