scholarly journals Network Selection and Influence Effects on Children’s and Adolescents’ Internalizing Behaviors and Peer Victimization: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Watling Neal ◽  
René Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Selection ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Contextual Moderators

In interpersonal models of developmental psychopathology, friendships and affiliations with peershave been considered as both consequences and determinants of children’s and adolescents’ internalizing behaviors and peer victimization. Longitudinal stochastic actor-oriented models (SAOMs) allow developmental researchers to disentangle peer selection processes where children or adolescents choose friends who are similar to themselves in internalizing behaviors or peer victimization from peer influence processes where children or adolescents become more similar to their friends over time in internalizing behaviors or peer victimization. This paper highlights the methods and results from a systematic review that screened 1,447 empirical articles and located 28 using SAOMs to understand the interplay between peer social networks and internalizing behaviors or peer victimization. The results provide some evidence for both peer selection and influence related to depression, social anxiety, and peer victimization. Additionally, the results provide insight into directions for additional substantive and methodological research. Based on the findings of this review, future research is recommended that considers specific tests of peer selection and influence mechanisms, developmental and gender differences, individual and contextual moderators, multiplex relationships, methodological quality, and direct replication of prior studies.

scholarly journals A systematic review of stigma in sexual and gender minority health interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K Layland ◽  
Joseph A Carter ◽  
Nicholas S Perry ◽  
Jorge Cienfuegos-Szalay ◽  
Kimberly M Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Intervention Efficacy ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Stigma against sexual and gender minorities is a major driver of health disparities. Psychological and behavioral interventions that do not address the stigma experienced by sexual and gender minorities may be less efficacious. We conducted a systematic review of existing psychological and behavioral health interventions for sexual and gender minorities to investigate how interventions target sexual and gender minority stigma and consider how stigma could affect intervention efficacy. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Eligible studies were peer reviewed and published in English between January 2003 and July 2019 and reported empirical results of behavioral or psychological interventions implemented among sexual and gender minorities. All interventions addressed stigma. We identified 37 eligible interventions. Most interventions targeted sexual minority men. Interventions were frequently developed or adapted for implementation among sexual and gender minorities and addressed multiple levels and types of stigma. Interventions most frequently targeted proximal stressors, including internalized and anticipated stigma. HIV and mental health were the most commonly targeted health outcomes. A limited number of studies investigated the moderating or mediating effects of stigma on intervention efficacy. The application of an intersectional framework was frequently absent and rarely amounted to addressing sources of stigma beyond sexual and gender minority identities. A growing number of interventions address sexual and gender minority stigma in an effort to prevent deleterious health effects. Future research is needed to assess whether stigma modifies the effectiveness of existing psychological and behavioral interventions among sexual and gender minorities. Further, the application of intersectional frameworks is needed to more comprehensively intervene on multiple, intersecting sources of stigma faced by the diverse sexual and gender minority community.

scholarly journals Representation of gender in migrant health studies – a systematic review of the social epidemiological literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Wandschneider ◽  
Stephanie Batram-Zantvoort ◽  
Oliver Razum ◽  
Céline Miani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Gender as a social construct contributes to determine who migrates and which migration-related risks and opportunities emerge in all phases of the migration trajectory. Simultaneously, migration influences the individual as well as societal definition and perception of gender roles. An explicit gender perspective in migration-related epidemiological research can contribute to adequately analyse and interpret the health of migrants. This systematic review gives a comprehensive overview on how gender has been conceptualised, operationalised and measured in social epidemiologic studies aiming to assess the influence of gender on health among migrants. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EconLit and PsycINFO and conducted backward reference searching. Reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and conducted the quality assessment. Eligible studies actively aimed to understand, identify or explain the influence of gender on migrants’ health, whereby the role of gender can encompass a variety of mechanisms, processes or states of differentiation, discrimination and/or inequality. Results Almost all of the 43 studies were cross-sectional and focussed on health outcomes in the post-migration phase. The most common theme of research was the health of male migrants in the US, and in particular of men who have sex with men (MSM). All studies treated gender as a binary variable (men vs. women), without discussing additional types of gender identities. A minority of studies differentiated clearly between sex and gender. Gender was mostly operationalised through attitudes toward gender roles and gender-based discrimination, experienced at the individual level. Community and societal level gender measures capturing structural gender determinants were underrepresented. Conclusions The intersections of migration and gender suggested synergistic effects on health that only become visible when considering those two social determinants together. Future research needs to embrace a multilevel and non-binary understanding of gender and reflect on the influence of gender in the different phases of the migration journey. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019124698.

Prevalence of Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Chile: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabell Schuster ◽  
Barbara Krahé
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Aggression ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Great Heterogeneity ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
And Gender

Sexual aggression is a major public health issue worldwide, but most knowledge is derived from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Little research has been conducted on the prevalence of sexual aggression in developing countries, including Chile. This article presents the first systematic review of the evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration among women and men in Chile. Furthermore, it reports differences in prevalence rates in relation to victim and perpetrator characteristics and victim–perpetrator relationships. A total of N = 28 studies were identified by a three-stage literature search, including the screening of academic databases, publications of Chilean institutions, and reference lists. A great heterogeneity was found for prevalence rates of sexual victimization, ranging between 1.0% and 51.9% for women and 0.4% and 48.0% for men. Only four studies provided perpetration rates, which varied between 0.8% and 26.8% for men and 0.0% and 16.5% for women. No consistent evidence emerged for differences in victimization rates in relation to victims’ gender, age, and education. Perpetrators were more likely to be persons known to the victim. Conceptual and methodological differences between the studies are discussed as reasons for the great variability in prevalence rates, and recommendations are provided for a more harmonized and gender-inclusive approach for future research on sexual aggression in Chile.

scholarly journals Sexual and Gender Minorities Facing the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bleckmann ◽  
Birgit Leyendecker ◽  
Julian Busch
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Current State ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Sexual and gender minorities (SGM) constitute vulnerable groups in many countries. Thus, they might be affected to a different extent than heterosexual and cisgender individuals by the Coronavirus pandemic. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the current state of international research on the effects of the Coronavirus pandemic on SGM individuals. Following the PRISMA protocol, we synthesized 35 publications including different article formats. Key findings yield that SGM individuals overall suffer to a larger extent from combinations of both minority- and pandemic-specific stressors. Some evidence was contradicting across studies, for example changes in the extent of risk behavior, and minority stress experiences during the pandemic. Although our review distinctively spots on the impact of the pandemic on SGM individuals’ lives, its pathways still remain to be better understood. Moreover, future research should also examine the yet unforeseeable long-term consequences of the pandemic for SGM populations.

scholarly journals Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis in Cannabis Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea C. Brabete ◽  
Lorraine Greaves ◽  
Natalie Hemsing ◽  
Julie Stinson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

There is evidence that sex- and gender-related factors are involved in cannabis patterns of use, health effects and biological mechanisms. Women and men report different cannabis use disorder (CUD) symptoms, with women reporting worse withdrawal symptoms than men. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of cannabis pharmacological interventions for women and men and the uptake of sex- and gender-based analysis in the included studies. Two reviewers performed the full-paper screening, and data was extracted by one researcher. The search yielded 6098 unique records—of which, 68 were full-paper screened. Four articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. From the randomized clinical studies of pharmacological interventions, few studies report sex-disaggregated outcomes for women and men. Despite emergent evidence showing the influence of sex and gender factors in cannabis research, sex-disaggregated outcomes in pharmacological interventions is lacking. Sex- and gender-based analysis is incipient in the included articles. Future research should explore more comprehensive inclusion of sex- and gender-related aspects in pharmacological treatments for CUD.

Attitude and Peer Influences on Adolescent Substance Use: The Moderating Effect of Age, Sex, and Substance

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dara R. Musher-Eizenman ◽  
Shayla C. Holub ◽  
Mitzi Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Perceived Harm

Many studies have suggested the importance of peer influence and personal attitudes (e.g., expectancies, resistance self-efficacy, and perceived harm) in predicting adolescent use of illegal substances. The present study examined these variables in relation to self-reported use of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana for 213 younger adolescents (12–15 years old) and 219 older adolescents (18–22 years old). A series of logistic regressions was performed to assess variables relating to use of each substance by age group and gender. Friends' use was significantly related to substance use for both age groups, both sexes, and all substances examined in this study. Perceived harm was not significantly related to use for any group. Finally, outcome expectancies and resistance self-efficacy were differentially related to use depending on age, gender, and substance. The implications of these findings for prevention programming and future research are also discussed.

A systematic review of mental stressors in the construction industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Tijani ◽  
Xiaohua Jin ◽  
Robert Osei-kyei
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Stressors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mental Stressors

PurposeStressors emanated from construction projects are causative factors for occupational stress inherent in the construction industry. Concomitant implications of stressors ignite a burst of empirical evidence, which necessitates a systematic review to capture the state of art of the extant literature. Therefore, this paper addresses this significant gap by conducting a systematic review of mental stressors.Design/methodology/approachA three-stage screening and data extraction method were employed to retrieve 38 papers that met the inclusion criteria for the study.FindingsThe annual publication trends and contributions of selected journals were elucidated. Moreover, this review identified 49 stressors from 38 selected peer-reviewed journals between 1997 and 2020. The most frequently reported mental stressors include work overload, home-work conflict, poor working environment, role ambiguity and poor working relationships. The 49 stressors could be classified into five main categories, namely; organizational stressors, task stressors, personal stressors, physical stressors and gender-related stressors.Originality/valueThe findings of the study broaden the understanding of the practitioners and policymakers on the dynamics of stressors for the development of stress interventions. Future research should focus on exploration of mental stressors specific to construction projects and different occupational trades.

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