Intellectual Humility and Between-Party Animus: Implications for Affective Polarization in Two Community Samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna Bowes ◽  
Madeline C. Blanchard ◽  
Thomas H Costello ◽  
Alan I. Abramowitz ◽  
Scott Owen Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Prediction ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intellectual Humility ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Difference Variable ◽  
Individual Difference Variable ◽  
The One

The extent to which individual differences in personality traits and cognitive styles diminish affective polarization (AP) is largely unknown. We address this gap by examining how one poorly understood but recently researched individual difference variable, namely, intellectual humility (IH), may buffer against AP. We examined the associations between domain-general and domain-specific measures of IH, on the one hand, and AP, on the other, in two community samples. Measures of IH were robustly negatively associated with AP and political polarization. Moreover, IH significantly incremented measures of allied constructs, including general humility, in the statistical prediction of AP. There was little evidence to suggest that IH buffers the relationships between strong political belief and AP. Future research is needed to clarify whether and if IH is sufficient to protect against AP in the presence of ideological extremity.

Language’ role in enabling abstract, logical thought

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
The One ◽  
General Abstract

Carruthers’ thesis is undermined on the one hand by examples of integration of output from domain-specific modules that are independent of language, and on the other hand by examples of linguistically represented thoughts that are unable to integrate different domain-specific knowledge into a coherent whole. I propose a more traditional role for language in thought as providing the basis for the cultural development and transmission of domain-general abstract knowledge and reasoning skills.

Het Gebruik Van Connectieven Door Franstalige Leerders Van Het Nederlands

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Perrez
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
The One

This article examines first tendencies towards connective usage by French-speaking learners of Dutch. Two sorts of discursive markers were analyzed, viz., attitude and relational markers. The results show two main tendencies. On the one hand, the learners seem to overuse attitude markers. This has been explained by stating that it could be a sign of the difficulty they experienced in organizing texts, establishing coherence and introducing their opinion. This inclination has also been observed for the learner use of the causal connective dus ('so, therefore'). On the other hand, the investigation of the learner usage of backward causal connectives suggests that beginners use a reduced set of frequent connectives, while more experienced learners make use of a more varied set of connectives. The tendencies observed and hypotheses advanced will have to be quantitatively and qualitatively elaborated further in future research as well as expanded to other kinds of connectives.

scholarly journals ON HYBRID SEQUENCES BUILT FROM NIEDERREITER–HALTON SEQUENCES AND KRONECKER SEQUENCES

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSWITHA HOFER ◽  
PETER KRITZER
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
The One ◽  
Halton Sequences ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

AbstractWe discuss the distribution properties of hybrid sequences whose components stem from Niederreiter–Halton sequences on the one hand, and Kronecker sequences on the other. In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the uniform distribution of such sequences, and derive a result regarding their discrepancy. We conclude with a short summary and a discussion of topics for future research.

scholarly journals Competition and the evolution of imperfect mimicry

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Pfennig ◽  
David W. Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Batesian Mimicry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Imperfect Mimicry

Abstract Mimicry is widely used to exemplify natural selection’s power in promoting adaptation. Nonetheless, it has become increasingly clear that mimicry is frequently imprecise. Indeed, the phenotypic match is often poor between mimics and models in many Batesian mimicry complexes and among co-mimics in many Müllerian mimicry complexes. Here, we consider whether such imperfect mimicry represents an evolutionary compromise between predator-mediated selection favoring mimetic convergence on the one hand and competitively mediated selection favoring divergence on the other hand. Specifically, for mimicry to be effective, mimics and their models/co-mimics should occur together. Yet, co-occurring species that are phenotypically similar often compete for resources, successful reproduction, or both. As an adaptive response to minimize such costly interactions, interacting species may diverge phenotypically through an evolutionary process known as character displacement. Such divergence between mimics and their models/co-mimics may thereby result in imperfect mimicry. We review the various ways in which character displacement could promote imprecise mimicry, describe the conditions under which this process may be especially likely to produce imperfect mimicry, examine a possible case study, and discuss avenues for future research. Generally, character displacement may play an underappreciated role in fostering inexact mimicry.

Ein wortnetzbasierter Ansatz für die korpusgestützte Modellierung von Fachterminologie. Ein Beitrag zur digitalen Fachlexikographie

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Beisswenger
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
German Language ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
The One ◽  
Princeton Wordnet ◽  
Technical Terms ◽  
Modelling Approach

AbstractThis article describes an approach for modelling domain-specific terminology in a wordnet-style representation. It uses the fundamental entities and relations introduced for the Princeton WordNet (Fellbaum 1998) and expands upon these in a way that fits for the representation of technical terms that are given in a corpus with scientific texts.The article starts with an overview on some essential semantic and lexical features of technical terms and terminological systems from the perspective of LSP research and formulates a set of requirements that derive from these characteristics for a modelling of domain-specific terminology which also aims to include terminological diversity (i.e. the existence of several terminological systems competing within the same special-field domain).Subsequently, the modelling approach with its fundamental modelling units will be introduced and the essential modelling decisions made with regard to the previously formulated requirements will be illuminated.In closing, two applications based on the modelling approach will be introduced: on the one hand a hypertext glossary of the domains “hypermedia research and text technology” which has been built in the context of the DFG-funded project “Text-grammatical foundations of text-to-hypertext conversion” at TU Dortmund University, and on the other hand the component “Grammatische Ontologie” of the grammatical online information system “Grammis” at the Institute for German Language (IDS), Mannheim.

scholarly journals Kulturaspekter i teknisk oversættelse – en ny runde i et gammelt spil

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (28) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Peter Kastberg
Keyword(s):  
Technical Communication ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Clear Line

My point of departure is opposition towards what seems to be a stereotypical notion of technical communication; namely that it is an instance of domain-specific communication devoid of cultural context, a cultural tabula rasa, so to speak. The main focus of this article is to discuss critically this notion and – on the basis of this diskussion – to point to the drawing of a clear line between the technical matter on the one hand and the textualization of technical matter on the other hand.

scholarly journals Relevant Issues of Research of Minors’ Antisocial Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (41) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Huzik
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Skills ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The study of the antisocial behavior of minors is of interest to many scientists: from pedagogues and psychologists to lawyers and criminologists. On the one hand, this has led to important and diverse research detailing the nature, causes, and consequences of deviance among youth. This makes it possible to develop better mechanisms for the prevention of juvenile delinquency, punishment, and resocialization of minor offenders. But on the other hand, this diversity caused contradictory approaches to defining the boundaries of deviance and delinquency, as well as the correlation of these terms. This paper offers an overview of the interdisciplinary scientific discussion on the relationship between delinquency and deviance as types of antisocial behavior, and structures these approaches. It also defines limitations in the field and generates new ideas and directions for future research. In the second part, we examine the causes of juvenile delinquency, with a particular interest in causes that can be corrected. Thus, we found that proper upbringing can “treat” not only anti-social attitudes and values, low educational and professional skills of the offender, poor cognitive and interpersonal skills but also innate tendencies to aggression.

Intellectual Humility, Proper Pride, and Proper Concern with Others’ Esteem

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-95
Author(s):  
Alessandra Tanesini
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparisons ◽  
The Other ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
Intellectual Virtues ◽  
Intellectual Humility ◽  
Overlapping Clusters ◽  
The One ◽  
Intellectual Limitations

This chapter provides accounts of four character traits: intellectual modesty and acceptance of intellectual limitations (which together constitute intellectual humility); proper pride in one’s epistemic achievements and proper concern for one’s intellectual reputation. It argues that these are intellectual virtues. The main difference between humility (as comprising of modesty and of acceptance of limitations) on the one hand, and pride and concern for esteem on the other, lies in the nature of social comparisons on which they are based. Humility relies on appraisals of the worth of one’s qualities that might be gauged by comparing oneself to other people and which are driven by a concern for accuracy. The chapter also makes a case that overlapping clusters of attitudes serving knowledge and value expressive functions are the causal bases of these character traits.

Rectangular Enclosures of the Bronze Age in the Upper Thames Valley

1934 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Leeds
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
Rectangular Enclosure ◽  
The One ◽  
The Bronze Age

Any evidence, however slight, that may throw light upon the age or purpose of many of the mysterious lines and enclosures revealed by air-photography cannot fail to be of service to future research. Some time ago Major G. W. Allen brought to my notice more than one instance of a remarkable type of rectangular enclosure in the valley of the Thames below Oxford, the age of which we were reluctant even to surmise in spite of their proximity to or association with other remains obviously belonging to the Bronze Age. Three at least of these enclosures had been detected; two in Oxfordshire, the one at Dorchester close to the huge circles described by Mr. O. G. S. Crawford, the other at Benson, and a third lying athwart the southern boundary on Drayton East Way between the parishes of Drayton and Sutton Courtenay, Berkshire. Something similar, but smaller (c. 300 yds. long and 10 yds. wide), with less accurately aligned ditches has been observed at North Stoke, Oxfordshire, amid numerous circles, one of which yielded last year a cremation and two interments, all of infants.

The Last Years of Archbishop Pedro Moya de Contreras, 1586-1591

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stafford Poole
Keyword(s):  
New Spain ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Don Juan ◽  
The Public ◽  
The One

Any historian who sets out to write a book faces two dangers. The one might be called the “one more document syndrome,” the obsession with research that is so exhaustive that nothing further can be found. The other is the prospect of publishing a work, only to have further documentation come to light that was lacking in his original research or alters his conclusions. Perhaps the latter is the lesser danger because it at least permits part of the historical record to reach the public. It may be that I am prejudiced in that regard, having suffered this very experience. In a recent biography of Pedro Moya de Contreras, the first inquisitor of New Spain, third archbishop of Mexico, and interim viceroy, I wrote of his last years in Spain “one can only hope that future research and perhaps fortuitous discoveries will complete that part of his life's story.” The fortuitous discoveries were made within a few months after publication, happily by the author himself. They consist for the most part of a collection of documents in the library of the Instituto de Valencia de Don Juan in Madrid, especially the papers of Mateo Vázquez de Leca (1543-1591), Philip II's private secretary and an indefatigable hoarder of valuable documents.

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