Ein wortnetzbasierter Ansatz für die korpusgestützte Modellierung von Fachterminologie. Ein Beitrag zur digitalen Fachlexikographie

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Beisswenger
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
German Language ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
The One ◽  
Princeton Wordnet ◽  
Technical Terms ◽  
Modelling Approach

AbstractThis article describes an approach for modelling domain-specific terminology in a wordnet-style representation. It uses the fundamental entities and relations introduced for the Princeton WordNet (Fellbaum 1998) and expands upon these in a way that fits for the representation of technical terms that are given in a corpus with scientific texts.The article starts with an overview on some essential semantic and lexical features of technical terms and terminological systems from the perspective of LSP research and formulates a set of requirements that derive from these characteristics for a modelling of domain-specific terminology which also aims to include terminological diversity (i.e. the existence of several terminological systems competing within the same special-field domain).Subsequently, the modelling approach with its fundamental modelling units will be introduced and the essential modelling decisions made with regard to the previously formulated requirements will be illuminated.In closing, two applications based on the modelling approach will be introduced: on the one hand a hypertext glossary of the domains “hypermedia research and text technology” which has been built in the context of the DFG-funded project “Text-grammatical foundations of text-to-hypertext conversion” at TU Dortmund University, and on the other hand the component “Grammatische Ontologie” of the grammatical online information system “Grammis” at the Institute for German Language (IDS), Mannheim.

Language’ role in enabling abstract, logical thought

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
The One ◽  
General Abstract

Carruthers’ thesis is undermined on the one hand by examples of integration of output from domain-specific modules that are independent of language, and on the other hand by examples of linguistically represented thoughts that are unable to integrate different domain-specific knowledge into a coherent whole. I propose a more traditional role for language in thought as providing the basis for the cultural development and transmission of domain-general abstract knowledge and reasoning skills.

Wissenschaftsrhetorik: Johann Christoph GottschedsAusführliche Redekunst(1759) als Lehre vom Wissenstransfer

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 329-344
Author(s):  
Kersten Sven Roth
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Critical Age ◽  
Johann Christoph Gottsched ◽  
The One

This paper assumes that the key to the understanding of the works of the early Enlightenment philosopher Johann Christoph Gottsched (1700–1766) does not lie in his poetological works, which were preferably read and criticized by his contemporaries, but rather, besides his grammatological works, in his writings on oratory, in particular in theAusführliche Redekunstof 1759. This paper interprets these works as an attempt to save the art of rhetoric which was on the verge of extinction and to bring it forth into the ‘Critical Age’ (‘kritisches Zeitalter’), and, furthermore, to establish a concept of rational scientific oratory which would stand in strict contrast to the ancient topica on the one hand and to the contemporary courtly ‘Complimentierkunst’ on the other. Therefore, the main point of focus becomes the paradox of a claim for truth and effectiveness, problematized by the timeless quandary of knowledge transfer. Accordingly, the paper attempts to demonstrate this problem’s actuality and thus the value of Gottsched’s concepts of rhetoric for the modern production of (rather popular) scientific texts.

Intellectual Humility and Between-Party Animus: Implications for Affective Polarization in Two Community Samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna Bowes ◽  
Madeline C. Blanchard ◽  
Thomas H Costello ◽  
Alan I. Abramowitz ◽  
Scott Owen Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Prediction ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intellectual Humility ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Difference Variable ◽  
Individual Difference Variable ◽  
The One

The extent to which individual differences in personality traits and cognitive styles diminish affective polarization (AP) is largely unknown. We address this gap by examining how one poorly understood but recently researched individual difference variable, namely, intellectual humility (IH), may buffer against AP. We examined the associations between domain-general and domain-specific measures of IH, on the one hand, and AP, on the other, in two community samples. Measures of IH were robustly negatively associated with AP and political polarization. Moreover, IH significantly incremented measures of allied constructs, including general humility, in the statistical prediction of AP. There was little evidence to suggest that IH buffers the relationships between strong political belief and AP. Future research is needed to clarify whether and if IH is sufficient to protect against AP in the presence of ideological extremity.

Memoirs: The Minute Structure of the Lateral and the Central Eyes of Scorpio and of Limulus

1883 ◽  
Vol s2-23 (89) ◽  
pp. 177-212
Author(s):  
E. RAY LANKESTER ◽  
A. G. BOURNE
Keyword(s):  
Compound Eye ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Place ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Insect Larva ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Terms

The facts set forth in the preceding memoir are to a large extent summarised by the plates which accompany it, and the explanatory description of those plates. The more general conclusions to which our observations tend may be gathered from the following tabular arrangement of some of the chief varieties of Arthropod eyes which are at present known. The technical terms which have been introduced in the present memoir and recur in the tabular statement are explained in a list appended. Without assuming to assign their due significance to all varieties of the Arthropod eye, some of which may very possibly (e. g. those of certain Crustacea) find no proper place in the scheme here submitted, we yet think that it is useful to tabulate the principal facts of structure known as to a large number of Arthropod eyes in the following way. We take as primary divisions those eyes with monostichous ommateum, the more archaic, and those eyes with diplostichous ommateum derived from the monostichous condition. A few examples clearly transitional between the monostichous and the diplostichous condition have been described by Grenadier (among Myriapods). It is especially to be noted in reference to the comparison of monomeniscous and polymeniscous eyes, that the comparison yields totally different results accordingly as we may choose to compare with the non-facetted eye of a Spider or of an Insect larva, on the one hand, a single eyelet of a "grouped" eye or of a "compound" eye, or on the other hand, the whole group or the whole "compound" eye.

Autonomy beyond Voluntarism: In Defense of Hierarchy

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefaan E. Cuypers
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Term ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Terms

We haveconflictingpre-philosophical intuitions about what it means ‘to be true to ourselves.’ On the one hand, autonomy and authenticity seem closely connected to the lucidity of reflectiveness; on the other, they seem tightly interwoven with the immediacy of unreflectiveness. As opposed to a ‘Platonic’ intuition about the inferiority of the unexamined life, we have an equally strong ‘Nietzschean’ intuition about the corrosiveness of the examined life. Broadly speaking, the first intuition is more akin to the tradition of the Enlightenment, and the second, more to that of Romanticism; the one is reminiscent of Descartes and Hume, the other of Rousseau and Herder.The use of the technical term ‘autonomy’ and the concomitant term ‘self’ is primarily limited to philosophy, while in daily life ‘freedom’ and ‘person,’ respectively, are used instead. Unfortunately, in their deployment of these technical terms philosophers have generally failed to acknowledge the two modes of ‘being true to ourselves’ associated with the Enlightenment and Romanticism, for they usually employ the concept of autonomy in a unitary way.

scholarly journals Kulturaspekter i teknisk oversættelse – en ny runde i et gammelt spil

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (28) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Peter Kastberg
Keyword(s):  
Technical Communication ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Clear Line

My point of departure is opposition towards what seems to be a stereotypical notion of technical communication; namely that it is an instance of domain-specific communication devoid of cultural context, a cultural tabula rasa, so to speak. The main focus of this article is to discuss critically this notion and – on the basis of this diskussion – to point to the drawing of a clear line between the technical matter on the one hand and the textualization of technical matter on the other hand.

scholarly journals A language that forgot itself (Essay on the curious non-existence of German as a recognized minority language in today’s Poland)

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kamusella
Keyword(s):  
Minority Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
German Language ◽  
Upper Silesia ◽  
Region I ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Minority ◽  
The One ◽  
Everyday Communication ◽  
Official Recognition

A language that forgot itself  (Essay on the curious non-existence of German as a recognized minority language in today’s Poland)This essay draws on my almost three decades worth of research on the multiethnic and multilingual history of Upper Silesia during the last two centuries, when various ethnolinguistic nationalisms have radically altered the ethnic, political, demographic and linguistic shape of the region. I focus on the German minority that was recognized in Poland in the early 1990s. This recognition was extended to the German language. However, though in official statistics there are hundreds of schools with German, and bilingual signage amply dots the Upper Silesian landscape, neither in the region nor elsewhere in Poland is there a single, however small, locality where German would be the language of everyday communication. With this essay I attempt to explicate this irony of official recognition on the one hand, and the tacitly enforced non-existence on the ground, on the other hand.

scholarly journals ESTUDIO DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE ESCRITURA CIENTÍFICA UTILIZADAS POR INVESTIGADORES NOVELES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
María Jesús Fernández Sánchez ◽  
María Teresa Becerra Traver
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Scientific Text ◽  
The One

The writing is an essential skill to share with the scientific community the findings obtained by the researchers; however, it requires the implementation of a series of strategies whose domain has not yet been acquired by researchers with less experience. This research has a double objective; on the one hand, it tries to know the opinion of the PhD students about their own process of scientific writing and, on the other, it analyzes the scientific texts produced by the novice researchers. For this, two instruments have been created: a brief questionnaire and a system of categories to analyze the 397 errors that have been detected in the scientific texts written by 11 PhD students from different areas chosen for convenience. The results show that approximately 40% of researchers with little experience previously plan the texts they write and, for the most part, use a scheme for this. In addition, more than 90% believe that the most complicated thing is to provide coherence and cohesion to the scientific text. In relation to errors, the most common occur in the introduction (43.6%) and the method (18.4%) of the text and are grammatical (39%) and APA regulations (24.9 %). Finally, some limitations of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals Interdyscyplinarność w przekładzie tekstu naukowego. Francuski i włoski język akademicki w tłumaczeniu na język polski

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXII) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Ewelina Berek ◽  
Lucyna Maria Marcol Cacoń
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Scientific Text ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
The One

The aim of this article is to demonstrate the differences appearing in French and Italian scientific texts and their translations into Polish. The specificity of the scientific text causes enormous difficulties faced by novice translators. On the one hand, one must faithfully reflect the merits of work, and, on the other hand, take care of the appropriate style of the target text. As Stanisław Gajda [1982] states, each discipline produces a completely separate language termed “scientific sublanguage”, and the basic difficulty in the case of translation by people not familiar with the scientific language seems to be the recreation of the specific nature of the scientific language of the source text in the target text. The multidimensionality and interdisciplinary nature of scientific translation should also be considered because only on the basis of interdisciplinary knowledge can the translator choose the appropriate translation strategy.

scholarly journals АВСТРІАЦИЗМИ У МОВІ СУЧАСНОЇ АВСТРІЙСЬКОЇ ПРЕСИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Карпік М. ◽  
Павличко О.
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
German Language ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Phonemic Similarity ◽  
Newspaper Articles

The proposed study is aimed at confirming the hypothesis that there exist two opposing trends in media discourse. On the one hand, there is a tendency to globalization; on the other hand, linguocultural communities are quite determined to preserve their culture and identity. To prove this hypothesis we analyzed a corpus of newspaper texts published over several years. Namely, we studied 1483 Austriacisms recorded by the dictionary Variantenwörterbuch des Deutschen. The objective was to discover the frequency in the use of certain Austriacisms and their Teutonic equivalents in Austrian newspaper Die Presse to identify convergent or divergent processes in the development trends of the German language in Austrian media discourse. The research showed that only 453 lexical units dominated in newspaper articles; it made 30% of 1483 codified Austriacisms. We found that 71 lexemes showed tendency to the parallel use in forms of Austriacisms and Teutonisms which makes less than 5 % of the total number of the lexical units. Such terms have predominantly similar pronunciation hence we can draw a conclusion that such phonemic similarity facilitates equal use of these Austriacisms and Teutonisms in newspapers and stipulates their convergence. These lexical units are not marked by any particular ethnocultural specificity. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the word stock denoting Austrian culture, traditions, and realia of daily life.

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