scholarly journals Reducing the Social Assistance Benefits of Refugees Affect Their Resi-dential Integration? Evidence from a Natural Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Juhl Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Random Assignment ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Educated

I exploit quasi-random assignment of social assistance benefits induced by a major Danish reform to obtain credible causal evidence for the effect of social assistance reductions on residential integra-tion (i.e., the extent to which refugees settle among natives). Comparing otherwise similar refugees, I find that reducing the benefits of refugees markedly deteriorated their residential integration espe-cially in the long-term. In particular, refugees’ residential segregation increased by about 28 percent as a consequence of the benefit reductions. I show that this effect most likely runs through a depri-vation mechanism, where refugees live on a subsistence minimum that significantly limit their loca-tion choice. Moreover, I demonstrate that the overall effect is concentrated among the low educated who face the largest resource constraints, most marginalization, and have the worst chances of inte-grating into the host society at the outset.

scholarly journals Catalyst or Crown: Does Naturalization Promote the Long-Term Social Integration of Immigrants?

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENS HAINMUELLER ◽  
DOMINIK HANGARTNER ◽  
GIUSEPPE PIETRANTUONO
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Random Assignment ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
The Impact

We study the impact of naturalization on the long-term social integration of immigrants into the host country society. Despite ongoing debates about citizenship policy, we lack reliable evidence that isolates the causal effect of naturalization from the nonrandom selection into naturalization. We exploit the quasi-random assignment of citizenship in Swiss municipalities that used referendums to decide on naturalization applications of immigrants. Comparing otherwise similar immigrants who narrowly won or lost their naturalization referendums, we find that receiving Swiss citizenship strongly improved long-term social integration. We also find that the integration returns to naturalization are larger for more marginalized immigrant groups and when naturalization occurs earlier, rather than later in the residency period. Overall, our findings support the policy paradigm arguing that naturalization is a catalyst for improving the social integration of immigrants rather than merely the crown on the completed integration process.

scholarly journals Naturalization fosters the long-term political integration of immigrants

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (41) ◽  
pp. 12651-12656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Hainmueller ◽  
Dominik Hangartner ◽  
Giuseppe Pietrantuono
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
New Evidence

Does naturalization cause better political integration of immigrants into the host society? Despite heated debates about citizenship policy, there exists almost no evidence that isolates the independent effect of naturalization from the nonrandom selection into naturalization. We provide new evidence from a natural experiment in Switzerland, where some municipalities used referendums as the mechanism to decide naturalization requests. Balance checks suggest that for close naturalization referendums, which are decided by just a few votes, the naturalization decision is as good as random, so that narrowly rejected and narrowly approved immigrant applicants are similar on all confounding characteristics. This allows us to remove selection effects and obtain unbiased estimates of the long-term impacts of citizenship. Our study shows that for the immigrants who faced close referendums, naturalization considerably improved their political integration, including increases in formal political participation, political knowledge, and political efficacy.

Internal coordination of social security in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
Jaan Paju
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
County Council ◽  
Population Register ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
The Social

This article begins with an overview of the structure of local governance in Sweden. It then examines the division of competences between municipalities and county councils, and the population register that determines the applicable law. Following this, the article focuses on health care schemes and the possibility for the competent county council to determine substantive health care. The municipalities’ responsibility for long term social care is then considered. Finally, the municipalities’ room for manoeuvre in relation to the social assistance scheme is reviewed. The concluding section discusses Sweden’s decentralised approach to social security.

scholarly journals Does Lower Benefits Incentivize Refugee Naturalization? Evidence from a Natural Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Juhl Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Major Reform

Does lower benefits provide an incentive for refugees to naturalize? I identify the effect of lowering refugees’ benefits on their propensity to naturalize by leveraging quasi-random variation in refugees’ benefit levels induced by a major reform of the Danish social assistance system. The reform sharply reduced social assistance benefits by up to 50 percent for new refugees. I estimate the effect of this decrease in a regression discontinuity design and show that refugees’ propensity to naturalize jumps by about 13½ percentage points at the benefit cutoff. I demonstrate that this marked increase is most likely driven by increased incentives that drive refugees off welfare and into the labor market in the short-term. Moreover, I show that the positive effects on naturalization are concentrated among the most capable refugees who do not face the resource constraints that follow from low education.

scholarly journals Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Grega Strban ◽  
Luka Mišič
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Compulsory Insurance

Abstract The Slovenian welfare system in its main part consists of a contribution-funded, professional social insurance scheme, composed of compulsory insurance branches, which mirror traditional social risks (contingencies) such as unemployment, old-age, sickness, etc., and a subsidiary tax-funded, residence-based social assistance scheme, which is aimed at preventing poverty and social exclusion. In general, all gainfully employed persons in Slovenia (e.g. workers, self-employed persons) enjoy coverage within the social insurance scheme, irrespective of their nationality or residence status. Citizenship and/or (long-term) residence is however required when accessing means-tested social assistance benefits. Migrants’ access to social rights – with the majority of foreign residents originating from ex-Yugoslav countries – is thereby fore and foremost dependent upon the nature of the benefit (means-tested or not) and their economic (in)activity or (long-term) residence.

Economic Development in 2006 and the Future of the Russian Economy: The Non-Resource-Based Sector Potential (The Economic Report of All-Russia Business Union “Delovaya Rossiya”)

2007 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
B. Titov ◽  
I. Pilipenko ◽  
A. Danilov-Danilyan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Economic Report ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Export Industries ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The report considers how the state economic policy contributes to the national economic development in the midterm perspective. It analyzes main current economic problems of the Russian economy, i.e. low effectiveness of the social system, high dependence on export industries and natural resources, high monopolization and underdeveloped free market, as well as barriers that hinder non-recourse-based business development including high tax burden, skilled labor deficit and lack of investment capital. We propose a social-oriented market economy as the Russian economic model to achieve a sustainable economic growth in the long-term perspective. This model is based on people’s prosperity and therefore expanding domestic demand that stimulates the growth of domestic non-resource-based sector which in turn can accelerate annual GDP growth rates to 10-12%. To realize this model "Delovaya Rossiya" proposes a program that consists of a number of directions and key groups of measures covering priority national projects, tax, fiscal, monetary, innovative-industrial, trade and social policies.

Threatening Conditions and Challenges in the Modern Living of the Old People in Republic of Macedonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Hava Rexhep
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Functional Dependency ◽  
Old People ◽  
Stomach Diseases ◽  
Social Challenge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Build System

The aging is not only a personal but also a social challenge from several aspects, several dimensions; a challenge aiming to build system approaches and solutions with a long term importance. Aims: the main aim of this research is to investigate the conditions and challenges in the modern living of the old people, primarily in terms of the social care. However, this research is concentrated on a big group of the population and their challenges are the most intensive in the modern living. The investigation of the conditions and challenges in the aging are basis and encouragement in realizing the progressive approaches in order to improve the modern living of the old people. The practical aim of the research is a deep investigation and finding important data, analyzing the basic indicators of the conditions, needs and challenges in order to facilitate the old population to get ready for the new life. Methods and techniques: Taking into consideration the complexity of the research problem, the basic methodological approach is performed dominantly by descriptive-analytical method. The basic instrument for getting data in the research is the questionnaire with leading interview for the old people. Results: The research showed that the old people over 70-79 years old in a bigger percentage manifested difficulties primarily related to the functional dependency, respectively 39,33 % of the participants in this category showed concern about some specific functional dependency from the offered categories. The percentage of the stomach diseases with 38,33 % is important, as well as the kidney diseases with 32,83% related to the total population and the category of the old people over 80. Conclusion: The old people very often accept the life as it is, often finding things fulfilled with tolerance and satisfaction. However the health problems of the old people are characterized with a dominant representation. The chronic diseases and the diseases characteristic for the aging are challenge in organizing adequate protection which addresses to taking appropriate regulations, programs and activities.

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