scholarly journals Dispositional self-forgiveness, guilt- and shame-proneness, and the roles of motivational tendencies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Behavior ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Self Forgiveness ◽  
Guilt Proneness

We investigated relationships between dispositional guilt-proneness, shame-proneness, and self-forgiveness. Drawing on motivational frameworks, we theorized that shame-proneness should be wholly problematic for self-forgiveness, whereas some aspects of guilt-proneness may be adaptive. Consistent with this framework, across both community (n = 502) and college (n = 153) samples, guilt-proneness was positively associated with trait self-forgiveness, whereas shame-proneness was negatively associated. Models decomposing guilt- and shame- proneness further supported our framework, with key results replicating across samples. For guilt-proneness, a tendency to make negative behavior evaluations predicted self-forgiveness, but only indirectly via motivational tendencies. For shame-proneness, a tendency to make negative self-evaluations predicted decreased self- forgiveness largely directly. Together, results frame guilt-proneness as potentially beneficial for self-forgiveness, but only to the extent that its motivational characteristics are activated; shame-proneness was broadly negatively related to self-forgiveness. Implications for theory and future research are discussed.

Associations Between Women’s Experiences of Sexual Violence and Forgiveness

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Meghan Davidson ◽  
Nicole M. Lozano ◽  
Brian P. Cole ◽  
Sarah J. Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
College Women ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Construct ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Undergraduate Women ◽  
Self Forgiveness ◽  
Forgiveness Of Others

The purpose of this study was to examine forgiveness and sexual violence among college women. Undergraduate women (N = 503) completed an online survey assessing experiences of sexual violence and forgiveness. Simultaneous multivariate regressions revealed that experiencing more sexual violence was associated with more revenge and avoidance, and less benevolence. Furthermore, findings indicated that more experiences of sexual violence were negatively associated with forgiveness of self, forgiveness of others, and forgiveness of uncontrollable situations. This work begins to fill critical gaps in the extant literature because it is the only study to date that examines sexual violence and the positive psychological construct of forgiveness. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Self-Forgiveness Among Incarcerated Individuals in Ghana: Relations With Shame- and Guilt-Proneness

2020 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2091449
Author(s):  
Annabella Osei-Tutu ◽  
Richard G. Cowden ◽  
Charlotte O. Kwakye-Nuako ◽  
Jeremiah Gadze ◽  
Seth Oppong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal History ◽  
Offender Rehabilitation ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Offense Type ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Self Forgiveness ◽  
Medium Security ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Guilt Proneness

Research on the forgiveness of self has largely focused on less severe, more common types of offenses among samples within developed westernized nations. In this brief report of a study within a developing nation in Africa, applications of self-forgiveness are extended to incarcerated people. The sample comprised N = 310 males (83.87%) and females (16.13%) who were incarcerated in a medium-security Ghanaian prison ( Mage = 39.35, SDage = 13.28). Participants completed measures of self-forgiveness, shame-proneness, and guilt-proneness. Prison records were examined for criminal history details. We hypothesized that self-forgiveness would correlate negatively with shame-proneness and positively with guilt-proneness. We tentatively hypothesized that this association would be moderated by offense type. Self-forgiveness correlated with both shame- and guilt-proneness in the hypothesized direction. However, neither association was moderated by type of offense. The findings offer further evidence on the salience of self-conscious emotions in forgiving oneself, particularly among incarcerated offender populations. We discuss the implications of the findings for enhancing offender rehabilitation initiatives.

Self-Conscious Emotions and Criminal Offending

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Tibbetts
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Offending Behavior ◽  
Guilt Proneness

This study examined the relation of personality traits—shame-proneness, guilt-proneness, and pride—on offending behavior. Using survey data from a sample of 224 college students, the construct and criterion-related validity of scales of the Shame Proneness Scale, the Test of Self-conscious Affect, and the Personality Feelings Questionnaire-2 were assessed. Regression analyses showed that self-conscious emotions are important in the etiology of criminal offending. Specifically, rated pride was positively correlated with self-reported criminal activity, whereas ratings of guilt were negatively associated with offending. The relation of shame with criminality varied depending on the type of measure used to indicate proneness to shame.

Distress after a Single Violent Crime: How Shame-Proneness and Event-Related Shame Work Together as Risk Factors for Post-Victimization Symptoms

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Semb ◽  
Lotta M.J. Strömsten ◽  
Elisabet Sundbom ◽  
Per Fransson ◽  
Mikael Henningsson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Guilt Proneness

To increase understanding of post-victimization symptom development, the present study investigated the role of shame- and guilt-proneness and event-related shame and guilt as potential risk factors. 35 individuals ( M age = 31.7 yr.; 48.5% women), recently victimized by a single event of severe violent crime, were assessed regarding shame- and guilt-proneness, event-related shame and guilt, and post-victimization symptoms. The mediating role of event-related shame was investigated with structural equation modeling (SEM), using bootstrapping. The guilt measures were unrelated to each other and to post-victimization symptoms. The shame measures were highly intercorrelated and were both positively correlated to more severe post-victimization symptom levels. Event-related shame as mediator between shame-proneness and post-victimization symptoms was demonstrated by prevalent significant indirect effects. Both shame measures are potent risk factors for distress after victimization, whereby part of the effect of shame-proneness on post-victimization symptoms is explained by event-related shame.

scholarly journals Green Exercise: How Are Characteristics of Urban Green Spaces Associated with Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Health?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akpınar
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Green Exercise ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Soccer Fields ◽  
Negative Relationships

This study investigates associations between characteristics of urban green spaces (UGSs) and adolescents’ self-reported green exercise (GE), general health, and body mass index (BMI). Data were collected through face-to-face personal interviews with 384 adolescents ages 13–19 between 1 March and 31 May, 2018 in UGSs in Aydın, Turkey. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine associations controlling for confounding factors. Stratified analyses were also conducted to determine differences between boys and girls. Positive associations with the duration of GE included many trees, lawns, soccer fields and basketball courts, play equipment, and self-reported general health. Whereas increased BMI was associated with increased benches/ seating, lawns and exercise trails were positively associated with self-reported general health. Negative relationships with increased BMI included many trees, open areas, and outdoor fitness equipment. Increased distance from UGSs was negatively associated with the frequency of GE. In stratified analyses, positive associations between boys’ duration of GE and self-reported general health were found. Whereas soccer fields and basketball courts were associated with girls’ frequency of GE, exercise trails and play equipment were correlated with girls’ self-reported general health. Negative associations with the boys’ frequency of GE included increased BMI and screen time. Whereas increased distance from UGSs was negatively associated with girls’ frequency of GE, many trees, lawns, exercise trails, play equipment, open areas, flowerbeds, and outdoor fitness equipment were negatively correlated with girls’ increased BMI. Findings suggest that adolescents’ GE and health could be promoted with many trees, lawns, flowerbeds, open areas, play and outdoor fitness equipment, exercise trails, and soccer fields and basketball courts. Findings of this study should be tested with longitudinal or intervention studies in future research.

When Do Venture Capital Firms Learn from Their Portfolio Companies?

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Harry J. Sapienza
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Linear Fashion ◽  
Behavioral Theories ◽  
Venture Capital Firms

In this study, we examine when venture capital firms (VCFs) learn from their portfolio companies (PFCs). Relying primarily on learning and behavioral theories, we develop hypotheses regarding the effects of prior experience, knowledge overlap, trust, and PFC performance on learning by VCFs. We use a combination of primary and secondary data from 298 U.S.–based VCFs to test the hypotheses. Interview data are used to illuminate the results and to guide our discussion of implications.  Many of our results were surprising. For example, we found that the VCF's overall experience is negatively related to VCF learning, and we found that trust in VCF–PFC dyads is also negatively associated with VCF learning. Whereas we expected to observe a curvilinear relationship between knowledge overlap and learning, we found that lower levels of knowledge overlap were associated with greater learning in a linear fashion. Finally, we found that VCFs perceive greater learning to occur in higher–performing PFCs. We discuss the limitations and implications of our findings and also suggest avenues for future research.

Negative Behavior Among Healthcare Professionals: Integrative Review of Instruments

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. E30-E65
Author(s):  
Diana M. Layne ◽  
Lynne S. Nemeth ◽  
Martina Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Culture Of Safety

BackgroundBehaviors that undermine a culture of safety pose a serious threat to the overall wellbeing of healthcare workers as well as to patient outcomes.PurposeThe purpose of this integrative review is to compare reported psychometrics, feasibility, and identify commonalities among available instruments measuring negative behaviors among healthcare professionals.MethodsWhittemore and Knafl's integrative review methods were used to analyze pertinent instruments designed to measure negative behaviors among healthcare professionals. Multiple computerized databases including CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases were searched in the fall of 2017 without date restrictions.ResultsViolence, incivility, and bullying are the most frequently measured behaviors in healthcare workers, and a robust number of valid and reliable instruments are available.ConclusionsTo date a comprehensive review of psychometric properties and feasibility of administration is lacking. This review synthesizes the instruments measuring these behaviors, providing a resource for future research focused on mitigation and intervention strategies

“AM I FOR REAL?” PREDICTING IMPOSTOR TENDENCIES FROM SELF-HANDICAPPING AND AFFECTIVE COMPONENTS

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun E. Cowman ◽  
Joseph R. Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
Affective Variables ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Guilt Proneness

Impostors are individuals who believe their successes are not due to their own ability, but because of either luck or the notion that they must work harder than others. The relationship between impostor tendencies and different behavioral and affective variables was examined. With the present study's sample (N = 436), controlling for social desirability, impostor tendencies were significantly correlated with behavioral self-handicapping (r = .52, p < .001), and with shame-proneness (r = .54, p < .001) more than guilt-proneness (r = .28, p < .001). Regression analyses indicated that self-handicapping and shame-proneness were the best predictors of impostor tendencies (r2 = 0.43). Based on these results it seems that strong impostor tendencies are related to, and best predicted by, self-handicapping behaviors and shameprone affect.

scholarly journals The relationship between cognitive distortions and forgiveness in romantic relationships

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Gökçen Aydın ◽  
Nasibe Kandemir Özdinç ◽  
Meral Aksu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
State University ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Self Forgiveness ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the present study was to find out the relationship between cognitive distortions and forgiveness in romantic relationships of college students. The sample of the study was 340 college students who have a romantic relationship at a state university in Turkey. The purposeful sampling method was carried out in this correlational study. In order to collect data, three instruments were utilized: Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale (ICDS), Heartland Forgiveness Scale and Demographic Data Form. The scales were put online to survey.metu.edu.tr and students having a romantic relationship were asked to complete the scale. In the present study, canonical correlation was conducted through SPSS 22 statistical package for data analysis in order to assess the relationship between two sets of variables: “Interpersonal Rejection”, “Unrealistic Relationship Expectation” and “Interpersonal Misperception” are the subscales of interpersonal cognitive distortions on one set and “Forgiveness of Self”, “Forgiveness of Others” and “Forgiveness of Situations” are the subscales of forgiveness on the other set. The study was significant because it might fill the gap in the literature and counseling field in terms of finding the relationship between two sets of variables to give a light to possible predictors in future research studying romantic relationships.

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