A emergência de estudos comportamentais em estratégia

Study objective: This study aims to identify the emergence of new studies in the field of strategy, considering 12 years of publications in the Strategic Management Journal.Methodology / approach: In the Web of Science database, we searched the journal “Strategic Management Journal”, in two periods, 2007 to 2012 and 2013 to 2018. We exclusively selected articles related to “Business” and “Management”. This search generated 1,100 articles for our database, with 376 articles from the first period and 724 articles from the second period. We use matching techniques in the analyses performed using Bibexcel and SPSS. At the same time, in Ucinet, we created the network diagram which supports the relationships between the identified factors and confirmatory analysis of the findings.Originality / Relevance: Bibliometric studies are constantly seeking to analyze how the theoretical structure of theories is progressing, and in strategy, it has not been different. To verify how studies in strategy have evolved in theoretical terms, given their multi-disciplinarity, a comparative study of two distinct but subsequent periods offers a global view of where the studies are heading. We discovered new theoretical fronts in essence to behavioral studies that emerged in previous studies and are strengthened in new research.Main results: The search identified 57 articles and six factors from 2007 to 2012 and 2013 to 2018 produced 22 articles and five factors. The results confirmed the evolution of studies in behavioral theories, especially regarding managers and their strategies as well as other findings, such as research related to environmental dynamics and competitive dynamics. We still have strong participation of studies with resource-based theory, transaction costs, and the emergence of new theories such as tournaments and behavioral strategy.Theoretical / methodological contributions: Bibliometric searches can be examples of how to analyze references. In this sense, this study helps researchers have a parameter in similar studies, with pairing analysis and the combination of analysis of two subsequent periods. On the theoretical side, the findings give strength to previous research, validating established theories and showing emerging theories.Social / management contributions: This research obtained results that confirm the multi-disciplinarity in strategy studies. Behavioral theories have emerged and strengthened in recent years. For management, we found that the surveys substantially analyze the strategic behavior of senior members in strategic decisions, such as in company acquisitions, in the formation of alliances, and how managers will perform when they are under contracts, differentiated remuneration, or in competition. For this reason, some theories emerged in the second period, such as tournament theory, not highlighted in previous bibliometric studies. Finally, a comparative summary of the factors found in the two periods helps managers in managerial perspectives on organizational strategies.

Segmenting the Bottom of the Pyramid Consumers: Theoretical Approach

The Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) market deserves further attention from researchers. The purpose of the paper is to profile the psychographic and behavioral heterogeneity within the BOP market in India employing a theoretical approach. We use constructs of the Theory of planned behavior (TPB) to identify distinct BOP segments. It segments the BOP market in the context of durable goods, non-durable goods, and services. The findings demonstrate the presence of three consumer segments, each of the durable and non-durable goods. In the context of services, the findings show the existence of four segments of BOP consumers. This study offers insights into application of behavioral theories for segmentation, which could help with behavioral change of BOP consumers to use high-quality products and services. Further, it is significant because the BOP market has witnessed a progressive decline in size as a large segment of the BOP market is being transformed into the middle class. Comprehension of the cognitive and behavioral tendencies of each consumer segment would strategically help in retaining the brand loyal BOP customers when they upgrade to the middle class.

An Exploratory Examination of the Relationship Between Trust and Street-Level Bureaucrats’ Willingness to Risk Their Lives for Others

This article presents the findings of an exploratory study examining the relationships between street-level bureaucrats’ (SLBs) trust in their peers, managers, and the institution they belong to, and their willingness to endanger their own lives for the public. We build on previous administrative and behavioral theories to present a model of these relationships. Using a survey of 211 police officers in Israel, our findings demonstrate the important role of trust in understanding the willingness of civil servants to risk their lives for citizens. We also identify additional factors that may be related to their willingness to take this risk and the types of clients for whom they are less or more willing to do so. We discuss the normative elements related to these findings and suggest fruitful future directions for study.

Antecedents of individual safety behavior during the pandemic times

Background This study aims to measure the safety behavior of individuals’ during the pandemic of COVID-19 by integrating Health Belief Model (HBM) and behavioral theories i.e. Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and Information-Motivation Behavioral Skills (IMB). Methods The research was conducted in education sector; data was collected from students and staff (teaching and nonteaching) of universities. Mono method was used with deductive approach. Data was collected from 780 respondents and analyzed using Smart PLS3. Results A scenario-based survey conducted online, and data was collected from 780 respondents to test the model. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS and Smart PLS3.The results highlighted the factors that leads towards behavioral change during the pandemic times. The results highlighted the factors that leads towards behavioral change during pandemic times. Conclusions This study not only contributes into the existing literature on social marketing but also will bring the betterment in the society by measuring the safety behavior of individuals. This research may also help the health policy makers and contributes as communication guideline for individuals to follow safety behaviors which will limit the spread of COVID-19. Trial Registration: Not applicable

IC-Behavior: An interdisciplinary taxonomy of behaviors

Academic disciplines are often organized according to the behaviors they examine. While most research on a behavior tends to exist within one discipline, some behaviors are examined by multiple disciplines. Better understanding of behaviors and their relationships should enable knowledge transfer across disciplines and theories, thereby dramatically improving the behavioral knowledge base. We propose a taxonomy built on the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), but design the taxonomy as a stand-alone extension rather than an improvement to ICF. Behaviors considered important enough to serve as the dependent variable in articles accepted for publication in top journals were extracted from nine different behavioral and social disciplines. A six-step development and validation process was employed, leading to the final taxonomy. A hierarchy of behaviors under the top banner of Engaging in activities/participating, reflective of ICF’s D. hierarchy was constructed with eight immediate domains addressing behaviors ranging from learning, exercising, self-care, and substance use. The resulting International Classification of Behaviors (IC-Behavior), provides a behavior taxonomy targeted towards the interdisciplinary integration of nomological networks relevant to behavioral theories. While IC-Behavior has been labeled v.1.0 to communicate that it is by no means an endpoint, it has empirically shown to provide flexibility for the addition of new behaviors and is tested in the health domain.

Physical Activity Maintenance: A Critical Narrative Review and Directions for Future Research

A clear rationale can be made for promoting long-term regular physical activity (PA), yet despite some attempts to operationalize “maintenance,” no robust definition has been agreed upon, beyond arbitrary time frames of regular PA. This has likely impaired the advancement of theory and practice. The purpose of this critical narrative review was to first overview the conception of maintenance and co-requisite theoretical constructs in theories used in PA research. Our subsequent aims were to engage in a critical analysis of this literature to propose a working definition of PA maintenance followed by recommendations for future research. Relevant behavioral theories were parsed for references to maintenance or maintenance-specific constructs and constructs most likely associated with maintenance were overviewed from a recent systematic review. Based on this information, we suggest PA maintenance be operationalized as a process marked by a shift in the mechanisms of action determining behavioral performance, that engender greater perceived behavioral enactment efficiency. We suggest that maintenance should not be considered an absolute state of behavioral performance (e.g., a stage), as some constructs that were critical to behavioral performance during initiation will still be critical during PA continuation. Based on this definition, we propose a method of falsifiability hypothesis testing of theoretical constructs that may determine the maintenance process. Finally, the review concludes with suggestions for future research using this operationalization of maintenance including measure development, tests of latency to reach the peak maintenance process, validating constructs critical to determining maintenance, exploration of the contextual and individual moderators of maintenance formation, and the development of an omnibus dynamic model of initiation, continuation, and maintenance in PA behavior change.

Integrating Behavioral Theories in Agent-Based Models for Agricultural Drought Risk Assessments

Improving assessments of droughts risk for smallholder farmers requires a better understanding of the interaction between individual adaptation decisions and drought risk. Agent-based modeling is increasingly used to capture the interaction between individual decision-making and the environment. In this paper, we provide a review of drought risk agent-based models with a focus on behavioral rules. This review leads to the conclusion that human decision rules in existing drought risk agent-based models are often based on ad hoc assumptions without a solid theoretical and empirical foundation. Subsequently, we review behavioral economic and psychological theories to provide a clear overview of theories that can improve the theoretical foundation of smallholder farmer behavior and we review empirical parameterization, calibration, and validation methods of those theories. Based on these reviews, we provide a conceptual framework that can give guidance for the integration of behavioral theories in agent-based models. We conclude with an agenda to guide future research in this field.

Public Prejudicial Discourse as a Global Socio-Ethnic Phenomenon: Using Digital Media to Limit Detrimental Language Flows

Studies continuously seek answers to how harmful speech delivered by any group or individual to three or more people affects their wellbeing. Specifically, deliverers target specific individuals or groups with their speech often unjustifiably or incorrectly based solely on the individual’s association with a group. Various avenues have been used to disseminate prejudicial data, creating different reactions. Whether verbal antagonism—casual racial slurs or disparaging race-sensitive comments or non-verbal expressions—explicit and implicit images published to denigrate an individual or group, prejudicial narratives have massive socio-economic and cultural consequences. Nevertheless, prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on their membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954); it is common against an unfamiliar cultural group and behaviors associated with prejudice such as discrimination, racism, sexism, homophobia, and ageism are now rife in communities worldwide and digital media networks. This paper analyzes some behavioral theories and uses the matrix of self-awareness and its ability to unlock our understanding of communication between groups and enhance group cultures. Referencing the use of prejudicial language in America and the United Nations Human Rights Commission’s efforts to track prejudicial discourse, it suggests steps to limit anti-other behaviors.