scholarly journals Difficulties in Teaching English Modal Auxiliaries to Turkish Students: A Cognitive Pragmatic Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Erton
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modal Auxiliaries ◽  
Teaching Learning

Recently, attention in modern linguistic theory has been shifted to facilitating a broader understanding of the world, in which language is a tool to establish a bridge between the interlocutor and the recipient. To do so, the development of linguistic, communicative and socio-pragmatic competences enriched with socio-cultural inputs in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) or Second Language (L2) teaching and learning contexts have a significant impact on language learners both to develop their perception as native speakers of English and to facilitate the progress of cognitive skills and capabilities. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a case study to show some of the difficulties in teaching English modal auxiliaries to Turkish students in EFL/L2 contexts which arise not only from structural characteristics, but also from insufficiently developed linguistic, communicative and socio-pragmatic competencies. It is also asserted that only teaching the lexical properties of modal auxiliaries in isolation from their socio-pragmatic and semiotic contexts alone cannot help learners to become successful communicators in the target language as it ends in communication failures, hesitation, a slower L2 progress, fear and misunderstandings. Therefore, role-play activities, cloze tests, research assignments, writing tasks and songs can also be integrated into the teaching-learning process to assist learners to become more aware of their actual authentic usages in a wide range of contexts through different activities. On the whole, this would also free language learners to refer to their First Language (L1) input and shape a broader understanding of the Foreign Language (FL) framed with its actual authentic usage.

scholarly journals Do not give up! The importance of mistakes in the process of teaching and learning foreign languages

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Eduardo Dias da Silva ◽  
Romar Souza-Dias ◽  
Juscelino Francisco do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Learning Programs

This paper aims to highlight the importance of errors and mistakes as an essential part in the process of teaching and learning foreign languages (FL). We understand that, while trying to produce meanings in the foreign language, learners, through some errors and mistakes, can develop the mental structures necessary for the consolidation of the target language. In this way, mistakes can e a strong tool indicator for teachers to assess and also to understand how far learners are in relation to the intended knowledge, according to objectives outlined in learning programs. The theoretical approach that orients our way of thinking is based on the point of view of some theorists, such as: Brito (2014); Corder (1967; 1985), Cavalari (2008); Richards and Rodgers (2004); Silva (2014); Simões (2007), among others. The results have demonstrated that the teacher, as a mediator of knowledge, must have a balanced attitude towards the students’ learning needs in order to help the learners to reach their best in the learning process. So, with this study, we expect that, in Teacher Education, mistakes could not be seen as something negative, but positive and necessary for the development of the student’s communicative competence.

scholarly journals A Study on the Use of Mixed Language in Teaching English at Hospitality Management Class

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Supartini ◽  
Ni Putu Oka Agustini
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Interview Session ◽  
Mixed Language

Learning English as a foreign language required some strategies to achieve the goal of communication. In teaching and learning process, the teacher and students frequently use their first language to explain the difficult word in English. This study aimed to investigate the language used by the teacher as communication strategies in teaching English as a foreign language and students’ responses toward the use of each type of language instruction in teaching English at Hospitality class. To investigate the study there were 2 teachers and 2 classes of hospitality management class as the subject. The data were collected through observation of teaching and learning process and interview session. The study was designed as descriptive qualitative research and the data were analyzed descriptively. The finding showed that the teacher used the target language frequently, however the used of mixed language to explain some difficult words also found in teaching and learning process.  

Falling on deaf ears

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Rubrecht
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Pronunciation Instruction ◽  
Language Teaching And Learning

Second or foreign language learners study or are taught various language skill areas, one of which is speaking. In order to speak in the target language, learners must gain some proficiency in the target language’s vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation so that their verbal utterances are meaningful to listeners. However, although pronunciation may be said to be the most fundamental of these three components, it is by far the one that receives the least amount of attention in second or foreign language learning situations. Insufficient attention placed on the pronunciation component can lead to detrimental effects on learners, potentially negatively impacting them in their attempts at bridging the interculturality gap between their first language and the language being learned. The present article will make a call for increased inclusion of pronunciation instruction and training in second and foreign language teaching and learning by relating pronunciation’s importance in verbal communicative acts and by addressing the issue of pronunciation localization. In addition, the article will present a discussion explaining why those involved in such language teaching and learning tend to overlook the pronunciation component in second and foreign language teaching and learning situations.

To do or not to do: willingness to communicate in the ESL context

English Today ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Syeda Farzana Bukhari ◽  
Xiaoguang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Willingness To Communicate ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Do So

English is used by more than one and a half billion people as a first, second or foreign language for communication purposes (Strevens, 1992). In this context, the purpose of teaching English has shifted from mastery of the grammatical rules to the ability to use the target language for successful communication. Consequently, the communication aspect of teaching and learning English has become the key issue in the domain of second language acquisition (Yashima, 2002: 54). Therefore, the issue of whether the learners will communicate in English when they have the chance to do so and to what extent they are willing to communicate gain importance. These questions have led to the emergence of an important construct in the field of L2 instruction, i.e. willingness to communicate (hereafter, WTC), which is defined as a learner's ‘readiness to enter into discourse at a particular time with a specific person or persons, using a L2’ (MacIntyre et al., 1998: 547). MacIntyre and his associates even proposed that WTC in L2 should be conceptualized as ‘the primary goal’ of language instruction (MacIntyre et al., 1998: 545). This paper explores the important concept of WTC by looking into Pakistani students' WTC in Canada.

scholarly journals Integrating Multiple Intelligences in Teaching English as a Foreign Language - Seeu Experiences and Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Elena Spirovska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Theory Of Multiple Intelligences

Abstract The purpose of this article is to discuss the Theory of Multiple Intelligences and to answer the question of appropriateness of the MI theory in the field of foreign language teaching. The paper also exemplifies the adaptation of the theory in the context of teaching English as a foreign language and foreign language teaching and learning in general by describing a set of activities and a lesson plan using the MI approach. The article reviews the types of intelligences described and defined by Howard Gardner and authors who followed and revised the theory in terms of language teaching. In addition, the article discusses the different modes of application of the theory of Multiple Intelligences in language teaching with young adults and adult learners of foreign languages. The article proceeds by grouping and listing possible activities and tasks which are appropriate for language learners with different sets of abilities or intelligences. In addition, the article provides a brief summary of the potential issues recommendations and conclusions regarding the implementation of theory of Multiple Intelligences and provides a sample lesson plan which provides activities and language learning tasks for the majority of intelligences defined

Short-Term Effect of Teaching English as a Foreign Language without a Textbook

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salome Gureshidze
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Experimental Group

Communicative language teaching, demanding a certain degree of freedom, has to a certain degree underminedthe role of the textbook in it. However, insufficient research exists of the issue. The current article aims atunderstanding what effect English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms without a textbook may have onlearners’ achievements in mastering the target language. Textbook reliance is taken for granted in the field ofTEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language). However, many researchers and practitioners realize that suchpractice has its pitfalls and drawbacks which sometimes outweigh the positive features that course booksrepresent for learning and teaching any foreign language. The article summarizes literature review concerning theissue, presents an experiment conducted with 30 undergraduate freshman students of General English during onemonth for verifying the effectiveness of no-textbook EFL teaching/learning and corresponding conclusions andrecommendation for EFL educators and researchers. The students in the control and experimental group tookpre- and post-tests, while the students in the experimental group were asked to fill in a questionnaire on theirsatisfaction with no-textbook teaching. The research proved the effectiveness of no-textbook EFL lessons fordeveloping learners’ language skills and competences.

scholarly journals Teaching English to the Elementary School Students in Kutoarjo District

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuwat Kuwat ◽  
Imam Ghozali
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
School Students ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Language Exposure ◽  
Teaching Learning

The process of teaching English as a foreign language involves the use of target language as a means of providing language exposure to the students. The apropriate amount and quality of the use of target language affect the quality of the instruction. The present paper reports an effort of describing degree of the use of English by teachers in teaching process, techniques teachers use and problems the teachers usually face of their teaching activity. This research belongs to a case study involving four English teachers in Kutoarjo District. Two teachers were selected from advanced schools with complete facilities, while the other two from rural schools with mediocre facilities. The result shows that degree of the use of English by teachers varies. T1 uses 25% English in teaching, T2 20%, T3 35% and T4 40% in their instruction. Further, it is also revealed that teachers use various techniques in their teaching process. They also face some problems. For example T1’s students have poor vocabulary mastery which can affect the teaching learning process. T2 often feels difficult to master the classroom atmosphere. Some T2’s students have unstable motivation to learn English. The pronunciation of T4 find students’ poor pronunciation becomes a problem.

On the Consideration of Environmental Factors and Social Milieu Effective in Iranian EFL Learners

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Gholam Reza Parvizi ◽  
Jafar Mashayekh ◽  
Yasser Saremi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Foreign Language Learners

It has been known that teaching and learning a language in an ESL context is by far easier than teaching and learning it in an EFL context and that learning a language must take place in a social context. Foreign language milieus are those in which students do not have enough opportunities for communication in the target language beyond their classroom settings whereas in second language contexts, the target language is readily available out there (Brown, 2001). Given the important role that language learning resources could potentially play in EFL contexts, in the present study an attempt is made to shed light on the environmental factors and resources which Iranian language learners rely on and to explore the possible resources which exist around them and of which not all of them are necessarily aware. To this end, a group of students studying in Iran Language Institute in Shiraz was chosen. The data of the study were gathered through a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The findings suggested that they rely on very few resources outside the classroom setting. In addition, it was revealed that in an EFL context, such as Iran, there is a range of resources which foreign language learners could rely on and which could present them with opportunities in all four language skills. 

scholarly journals method of educating vocabulary in a foreign language or target language

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1649-1658
Author(s):  
Azizova Fotimakhon Saidbakhramovna ◽  
Rahmatova Nargiza Valijonvna ◽  
Kurbanbayeva Dilnoza Sharofidinovna
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Target Language ◽  
The Core ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

The article illustrates the important features of vocabulary in receiving knowledge in a foreign language. The author of the article analyses the core hypothesis of vocabulary, crucial strategies, vital techniques, variety of instruction, and various approaches (methods) theoretically and practically. To conclude, teaching/learning vocabulary is one of the most crucial and difficult tasks in the field of foreign language teaching/learning. Learning a new word is considered a challenge to foreign language learners. Different strategies are suggested to handle the learning process. So that, teachers should consider that they are responsible to help learners use the most appropriate strategies, and carry on strategies they lack. Teachers should be aware of almost all issues related to this linguistic phenomenon.

scholarly journals Re-conceptualizing Communicative Language Teaching through Socio-Cultural Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Lina Farsia
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Teaching Learning

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been know as one of the most successful approaches in teaching English to speaker of other languages. With this approach students are required to engage in communication trough interaction using the target language as much as possible. In the countries where English is taught as a foreign language or as a second language, this approach has become an ideal example on how activities are reconstructed in teaching learning activity to improve students’ ability in communicating in English both in spoken and written ways. Despites all of the advantages of CLT, there are still some the flaws found in he implementation of CLT in teaching learning activities. Therefore, in this paper, the writer will not only provide some critiques that are normally found in CLT but also suggesting some alternatives based on the socio cultural concepts to mitigate the shortcoming. The provided alternatives are aimed to re -conceptualize the CLT in based on the socio cultural perspective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document