scholarly journals Race-Relations Theories and the Racial Dynamics of Basketball Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Rubio Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Group Threat ◽  
National Education ◽  
Racial Conflict ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
Racial Context ◽  
Ordered Probit Models ◽  
Threat Theory

Does the local, racial context influence racial differences in culture? I answer this question by testing predictions from group threat theory and the cultural division of labor about which high schools have greater black-white differences in basketball performance. Data are from the National Education Longitudinal Study are analyzed with multilevel ordered probit models. After controlling for predictors of sports performance in students’ families, schools, and neighborhoods, we find evidence for both theories. Black-white differences in basketball performance is greater in schools that are about 50% black, as group threat predicts, and in schools with more hierarchical segregation within them, as the cultural division of labor predicts. We also find that racial conflict within the schools mediates the effect of group threat. The theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.

Youthful victimization in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina: A multi-level analysis of a national sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 147737082098882
Author(s):  
Carter Rees ◽  
L Thomas Winfree
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Group Threat ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Post War ◽  
Threat Theory

Intra-national conflicts with racial or ethnic elements can complicate post-war reconciliation. From 1992 to 1995, much of the former Yugoslavia, a nation largely drawn from three distinct ethnic groups, was embroiled in such a conflict. After the signing of the Dayton Peace Accord, it was feared that schools would become a surrogate battlefield for school-aged children within the newly created nation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Group threat theory and the imbalance of power thesis provide differing views on such conflicts. Group threat theory posits that as a population – in this case a school – approaches maximum ethnic diversity, the residents – in this case the students – will feel increasingly threatened, resulting in higher cross-group victimizations. The imbalance of power thesis suggests that a group’s decision to victimize another group depends on the relative lack of ethnic diversity: The extent to which one ethnic group dominates a school, the likelihood of victimization of any smaller groups increases. We explore which of these two theories best explains victimization levels within a sample of 2003 school-aged BiH adolescents born in areas dominated by Muslim Bosnians, Eastern Orthodox Serbians, or Roman Catholic Croatians. We find that there is an ethnic component to victimizations: students born in Serbia face higher levels of victimization than do their Bosnian-born counterparts under conditions that fit better with group threat theory than the imbalance of power thesis. We speculate about the significance of these findings for national ethnic harmony in BiH.

Parental Educational Expectations for Adolescents with Disabilities

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Masino ◽  
Robert M. Hodapp
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Parental Expectations ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
National Sample ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
8Th Grade

This study used a national sample (from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988) of 8th-grade students to examine the effects of child disability on parental educational expectations. Four types of disability conditions were included: visual impairment ( n = 97), hearing impairment ( n = 126), deafness ( n = 38), and orthopedic impairment ( n = 61). Controls without disabilities were also included. Although parental expectations were found to be higher for students with disabilities than for those without, student disability status (disabled versus nondisabled) did not contribute significantly to the ability to predict parental expectations. School performance, parent education, and race were found to similarly influence parental educational expectations for students with and without disabilities.

Has Curriculum Closed the Test Score Gap in Math?

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Rose
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
School Characteristics ◽  
National Education ◽  
Test Score Gap ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
White Test ◽  
Test Score Gaps ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract This study examines the extent to which convergence in mathematics course-taking behavior is responsible for narrowing the Hispanic-white and the black-white test score gaps during the 1980s. Mathematics curriculum is measured in detail using high school transcript data from both High School and Beyond and the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. After controlling for demographic, family, and school characteristics, changes in curriculum account for about 60 percent of the narrowing Hispanic-white test score gap between 1982 and 1992. However, the black-white test score gap did not drop significantly.

Educational Expectations among Immigrant Youth: Links to Segmented Assimilation and School Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-278
Author(s):  
Christina J. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
School Context ◽  
Immigrant Youth ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Segmented Assimilation ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
National Education ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
First And Second Generation

Although schools are important socialization venues for all children, they also serve as sites of acculturation for immigrant youth. According to segmented assimilation theory, first- and second-generation students experience divergent trajectories of incorporation, in part, because they are exposed to school contexts that support or stifle their attainment. I argue that such a process must have social-psychological underpinnings, which I examine by relating children’s educational expectations to their school environment during adolescence. Specifically, I use the National Education Longitudinal Study to assess differences in expectations by school context among immigrant and U.S.-origin youth between eighth and 12th grades. Results indicate that students in comparably disadvantaged school environments report lower expectations, though this relationship is driven by household resources and student characteristics. I also find that most students exhibit increases in their educational expectations, and that such changes are not systemically patterned by school context. This article sheds light on the goals of immigrant youth and the extent to which these plans transform from childhood to adolescence.

An Examination of Referrals to the School Counselor by Race, Gender, and Family Structure

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0701000
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Adams ◽  
James M. Benshoff ◽  
Sonja Y. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
School Counselor ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Intact Family ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
Log Linear

This article reports on a study addressing student referral differences based on family structure, gender, and race in teacher-initiated contact to school counselors. Researchers used secondary data from the National Education Longitudinal Study. They used logit log linear analyses in this data analysis. Significant differences existed for all three variables–race, gender, and family structure–with teachers more likely to contact the school counselor when the student was male, African American, or living in a non-intact family structure.

When Public School “Choice” Is Not Academic: Findings From the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Sosniak ◽  
Corinna A. Ethington
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Public School ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
Public School Choice ◽  
Education Longitudinal Study ◽  
Principles Of Practice

Public schools of choice are fast becoming part of national educational debate and practice. This article presents an empirical test of the claim that choice encourages something other than standardized education. We draw our data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Our analyses center on questions at the heart of curriculum studies: What knowledge is of most worth and what principles of practice govern work with curricular content? Using multiple measures of curriculum content and of the procedures governing work with that content, we find little support for the argument that public school choice, as currently implemented, is an inventive mechanism for altering the academic lives of students and teachers.

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