scholarly journals Effect of single-dose intravenous dexamethasone on postoperative pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing lower segment cesarean section under spinal anesthesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Nazima Memon ◽  
Juhi Bagga
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Hemodynamic Stability ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Group D

Background: Lower segment caesarean sections (LSCS) are commonly done under spinal anaesthesia. Although spinal anaesthetic techniques are relatively safe and associated with quick and uneventful recovery, post-operative pain is a major concern after effect of spinal anaesthesia weans off. Other than pain postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the important side effects of spinal anaesthesia. Steroids by virtue of their anti-inflammatory effect is expected to reduce pain consequent upon inflammation and many studies have shown their efficacy in reducing pain as well as PONV in post-operative patients. Aims and Objectives: Primary objective of the study was to evaluate efficacy of single-dose dexamethasone in reducing post-operative pain. The secondary objectives were to analyse effect of single-dose dexamethasone on hemodynamic stability as well as incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing LSCS under spinal anesthesia. Materials and Methods: This was a double-blind comparative study in which 60 patients undergoing LSCS under spinal anaesthesia were included on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The patients were divided into two groups: Group D: 30 patients who received IV dexamethasone 8 mg (2 ml) intravenously just before giving spinal anesthesia. Group N: 30 patients who received Normal saline (2 ml) immediately before spinal anesthesia. In both groups, hemodynamic parameters, respiratory rate, severity of post-operative pain, and incidence of PONV was compared. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Patients in Group D had significantly less severe post-operative pain (as assessed by the Visual analog scale) and incidence of PONV (P<0.05). Significantly less post-operative rescue analgesia was required in patients who received single dose of intravenous dexamethasone (P<0.05). In terms of hemodynamic stability, both groups were found to be comparable with no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Single-dose dexamethasone is effective in reducing post-operative pain as well as incidence of PONV in patients undergoing LSCS under spinal anesthesia.

Comparison of the effects of Dexamethasone and Ondansetron on the Reduction of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting following Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash karimi ◽  
Jahanbakhsh Nejadi ◽  
Mahnaz Shamseh ◽  
Nooshin Ronasi ◽  
Mehdi Birjandi
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication associated with the use of anesthesia. Several antiemetics are used to reduce the incidence and severity of PONV. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of dexamethasone and ondansetron to treat PONV in patients undergoing cesarean section (c-section) under spinal anesthesia. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial study was performed on patients who were referred to the operating room of Haji Karim Asali Hospital of Khorramabad for elective cesarean section in 2016-17. Upon meeting the inclusion criteria, patients were allotted into two groups (n=60). Group A received 8mg of dexamethasone and group B received 4mg of ondansetron after spinal anesthesia. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaire and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire was used for the analysis. Patients with mild to moderate stress, anxiety, and depression were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software. Results: There was no difference in the demographic data of the two groups. The mean severity of nausea in group A was significantly higher than in group B. The frequency of vomiting in group A was 20 times higher than group B, which was found to be statistically significant, p = 0.018. Concerning the type of delivery with the frequency of nausea, the results showed that the frequency of nausea in group A was 3.24 times higher than group B, however, this difference was not statistically significant, p = 0.106. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, ondansetron had a significant effect on the alleviation of postoperative nausea and vomiting, as compared to dexamethasone in c-section surgical candidates.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Efficacy of Metoclopramide Versus Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea Vomiting during General Anesthesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Sunil Arjan ◽  
Naila Zahoor ◽  
Kenza Nadeem ◽  
Farah Liaquat ◽  
Tariq Hussain Mughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Post Operative Nausea ◽  
Group D ◽  
Male To Female

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Metoclopramide versus Dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting during general anesthesia. Study Design:This is a Randomized control trial (RCT) study. Setting: Study carried out at Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Unit and Pain Management, Clinic, Dow University of Health Sciences and  Dr. Ruth Pfau  Hospital Karachi, from December 2018 to June 2019. Materials and Methods:110 patients undergoing elective surgeries, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and gave informed consent were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to either group M or group D, with 55 patients in each group. All patients were then administered either intravenous dexamethasone (8mg) in group D or intravenous metoclopramide (10mg) in group M at the time of induction of anesthesia. The main outcome measure was postoperative nausea and vomiting, at the end of 6th hour postoperatively. The SPSS version 21 was applied to the data. Results: Majority of the patients 66 (60%) were of age 35 years or less. Mean age of the patients was 35.09±11.55 years. There were more females than males, with male to female ratio being 1:1.03. Overall, in patients receiving metoclopramide, 12(21.8%)  had postoperative nausea and vomiting, while in patients who received dexamethasone, only 4 (7.3%) patients had post-operative nausea and vomiting. When comparing two groups, there was statistically significant (p= 0.02) reduced postoperative nausea/vomiting among those patients who had received intravenous dexamethasone. Conclusion: Intravenous dexamethasone is more effective than Metoclopramide in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients during general anesthesia.

scholarly journals Comparison of Postoperative Events between Spinal Anesthesia and General Anesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Xue Wang ◽  
Quan Zhou ◽  
Dao-Bo Pan ◽  
Hui-Wei Deng ◽  
Ai-Guo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Urine Retention ◽  
Anesthesia Group

Background. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is usually carried out under general anesthesia. There were a few studies which have found spinal anesthesia as a safe alternative. We aimed to evaluate the postoperative events between spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (from inception to January 2016) for eligible studies. The primary outcome was the visual analogue scale score. Secondary outcomes included postoperative nausea and vomiting and urine retention 24 hours postoperatively. We calculated pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence interval using random- or fixed-effects models.Results. Eight trials involving 723 patients were listed. Meta-analysis showed that patients in spinal anesthesia groups have lower visual analogue scale score 24 hours postoperatively. There were significant decreases in the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in spinal anesthesia group when compared with general anesthesia group (odds ratios: 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.19–0.76;P=0.006) with heterogeneity accepted (I2=13%;P=0.33), while urine retention rate was increased in patients with spinal anesthesia (odds ratios: 4.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.24–19.71;P=0.02) without any heterogeneity (I2=0%;P=0.98).Conclusions. Spinal anesthesia may be associated with less postoperative pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting compared with general anesthesia.

scholarly journals Single-dose i.v. granisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Wilson ◽  
P Diemunsch ◽  
B G Lindeque ◽  
H Scheinin ◽  
H S Helbo-Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting

scholarly journals The experience of using dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant of anesthesia in ophthalmic surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
N.V. Mynka ◽  
Yu.Yu. Kobelyatskyy
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Corneal Transplantation ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Pain ◽  
Group D

Various techniques are applied to reduce the severity of postoperative pain and discomfort in patients. The purpose of this research work was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant of anesthesia in ophthalmic surgery. The study included 80 patients who underwent  corneal transplantation on the basis of Dnepropetrovsk Regional Clinical Ophthalmologic Hospital. Patients were divided into 2 groups: control (group K) – 30 men and main (group D) – 50 ones. Multicomponent balanced anesthesia was applied in both groups. Sibazone was administered as the sedative medicine in the group K, Dexmedetomedin was administered in the group D. The main criteria for evaluating the research results were hallmarked: hemodynamic stability during surgery, the amount of administered opiates, the severity of intraoperative pain syndrome by evaluating the ANI index (ANI – analgesia nociception index), the severity of postoperative pain syndrome and the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Both schemes of anesthesia allowed avoiding pronounced fluctuations in hemodynamic parameters and gas exchange at all stages of the study. Analyzing the severity of intraoperative pain, we found that in group K pain relief could be considered insufficient during the first 7 minutes of the most traumatic stage of the surgery, while in group D the ANI index did not fall below 50. Statistically significant differences were obtained on minute 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 of the surgery. The number of episodes of insufficient anesthesia during the most traumatic stage of the surgery in group K was statistically significantly higher than in group D. Analyzing the quality of pain relief in the postoperative period it was determined, that the level of pain on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) after awakening in both groups was equal to 0. At the next three stages of the study (2 hours, 6 hours after surgery, and the next morning), the level of pain in group K was significantly higher than in group D. In addition, it was determined that the need for narcotic analgesics and the number of episodes of postoperative nausea and vomiting in group K was statistically significantly higher than in group D. These given data allow us to conclude that Dexmedetomedin is the effective adjuvant of the anesthesia for corneal transplantation.

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