scholarly journals Morpho-physiology of wheat genotypes under different sowing dates as affected by Helminthosporium leaf blight and leaf rust in Chiwan, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
SP Neupane ◽  
BR Ojha ◽  
SK Ghimire ◽  
SK Sah ◽  
SM Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
Helminthosporium Leaf Blight ◽  
Late Sowing

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy farm of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur, Nepal in 2008/09. The experiment was laid out in factorial design in spit plot arrangement consisting of date of sowing as main factor and wheat genotypes as sub factor. Wheat genotypes were sown in 22 November for normal sowing and 29 December for late sowing condition. These were assessed against Helminthosporium leaf blight and leaf rust severity in a naturally inoculated environment. Result showed that wheat genotypes differed significantly with respect to flag leaf area, flag leaf duration and plant height. Genotype BL-3064 showed the lower decline (624.9 to 615.1) in chlorophyll content whereas RR-21 showed highest decline (471.2 to 360.4) in chlorophyll content from normal to late sowing, possibly contributing to resistant to the disease. The AUDPC value revealed that genotypes BL-3625 and BL-3623 had increased level of resistance due to lower AUDPC value and higher flag leaf duration. The results of this study suggest that genotypes BL-3623, BL-3625, BL-3063 and BL-3064 could be the option in warm and humid regions of Terai condition so far as resistant to Helminthosporium leaf blight and leaf rust are concerned. Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 3. 2013, Page 109-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v3i0.9012

scholarly journals Chlorophyll content measurement of drought tolerant wheat genotypes sown at normal and late conditions as an indicator of spot blotch resistance

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
L. Aryal ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
G. B. Khatri-Chhetri ◽  
D. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sowing Dates

 A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy block of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur to evaluate chlorophyll content of 20 drought tolerant wheat genotypes as a parameter of stay green character and spot blotch response. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications, considering 25 November as normal sowing and 15 December as late sowing dates. Of the tested genotypes, Aditya had highest SPAD value (46.67) with least AUDPC (146) on flag leaf on 25 November sowing and higher SPAD value (43.57) with lower AUDPC (161) on 15 December sowing. Similarly, CSISA DRYT 5204 and CSISA DRYT 5205 had moderate SPAD values with AUDPC value at par with Aditya. Aditya with low AUDPC possessed longer stay green days (118.3) on 25 November sowing and shorter green days (107.5) on 15 December sowing. The susceptible check variety RR-21 possessed shorter stay green days (113.6) with SPAD value (35.7) on 25 November sowing and 100.4 days of stay green with SPAD value (31.23) on 15 December sowing. Aditya also had highest grain yields and thousand kernel weights on both the 25 November and 15 December sowing. The results showed Aditya, CSISA DRYT 5204 and CSISA DYRT 5205 were having longer period of stay green with higher SPAD and low AUDPC values and thus these three genotypes can be recommended for late sown conditions. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 65-72

scholarly journals Yield and Yield Components Response to Defoliation of Spring Wheat Genotypes with Different Level of Resistance to Helminthosporium Leaf Blight

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
UR Rosyara ◽  
RC Sharma ◽  
SM Shrestha ◽  
E Duveiller
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Helminthosporium Leaf Blight

Breeding for resistance to Helminthosporium leaf blight (HLB) caused by a complex of spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus) and tan spot (Pyerenophora tritici-repentis Died) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is difficult due to complex nature of resistance, and high influence of environment. This study was conducted to examine whether genotypes having variation in level of resistance and tolerance differ in compensation to loss of leaves. Five spring wheat genotypes with different levels of resistance and tolerance to HLB were grown under irrigated field conditions in randomized complete block design during 2001-2002 and 2002- 2003 wheat-growing season at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Defoliation treatments consist of removal of flag (F), penultimate (F-1), and both F and F-1 leaves were done one day after anthesis. Results showed that defoliation had significant effects on grain yield, biomass yield, thousand-kernel weight (TKW) but not on harvest index, number of grains per spike, kernel per spikelet, and spikelets per spike. All genotypes included in this study showed some degree of compensation for loss of F, F-1, and both F and F-1 leaves, which was found to be variable between years. Removal of flag leaf was compensated by the resistant genotype NL750 for both grain yield and TKW but not for both F and F-1 leaves. Loss of both F and F-1 leaves was better compensated by BL 1473, a stably tolerant genotype in both years. For other genotypes sensitivity to defoliation was found as variable as tolerance to HLB. Key words: Spot blotch, tan spot, defoliation, compensation, flag leaf removal, penultimate leaf removal J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:43-50 (2005)

scholarly journals Management of Leaf Blight (Bipolaris sorokiniana) Disease of Wheat with Cultural Practices

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
PCP Chaurasia ◽  
E Duveiller
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Late Sowing

An experiment was conducted at agronomy farm of Agriculture research Station, Tarahara,Nepal for three consecutive years viz 2000/2001,2001/2002, and 2002/2003 to evaluate theeffects of different cultural practices on leaf blight diseases of wheat caused by Bipolarissorokiniana under terai conditions. The experiment was conducted in factorial RandomizedComplete Block Design with four replications. Four factors, two wheat verities RR-21 andNepal 297,two number of irrigations (two and three irrigations), two doses of Nitrogen fertilizerviz. 60kg N/ha and 120 kg N/ha and two dates of sowing of wheat were examined. Differentyield components, grain yield (kg/plot) and disease severity were recorded to judge the effects ofthese factors on severity of leaf blight of wheat. Nepal Line 297 had significantly less AUDPCbased on flag leaf infection and whole plan as compared to RR-21. Number of irrigations had nosignificant effect on AUDPC, as there was frequent rain during experimental period. Doses ofNitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on AUDPC based on flag leaf infection. It was higher incase of 60 kg N/ha. The third week of November sowing of wheat had lower value of AUDPCas compared to December sowing. Plant height, panicle lengths were highly significantly higherin case of RR-21 as compared to Nepal-297. Thousand kernel weight, and grain yield kg/ha weresignificantly higher in Nepal-297. All agronomic parameters except thousand kernel weight andnumber of tillers/plan were significantly higher in 120kg N/ha. The third week of Novembersowing of wheat had less plant height and panicle length, higher thousand kernel weight andmore grain yield. Leaf blight severity was highly significantly less in case of Nepal-297. Dosesof Nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on plant height, panicle length, thousand kernelweight, percentage flag leaf infection and AUDPC based on flag leaf infection. Based on theresults of three years of experimentations, it can be concluded that Nepal-297 had less disease,number of irrigations had no effect on disease severity, higher doses of nitrogen fertilizer hadless flag infection and late sowing of wheat also had less disease. Numbers of irrigation's effectswere inconclusive as there were frequent rains during experimentation period. Based on aboveconclusion, it is recommended that growing wheat verity like Nepal-297, use of higher doses ofnitrogen fertilizer and sowing of wheat / first week of Dec help in minimizing the severity of leafblight. However late sowing had lowered grain yield.Key words: AUDPC; culture practices; disease management; leaf blightDOI: 10.3126/narj.v7i0.1870Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.7 2006 pp.63-69

Resistance to Helminthosporium leaf blight and agronomic performance of spring wheat genotypes of diverse origins

Euphytica ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Sharma ◽  
E. Duveiller ◽  
S. Gyawali ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
N. K. Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Helminthosporium Leaf Blight

scholarly journals Effect of Date of Sowing on the Performance of Drought Tolerant Wheat Genotypes to Spot Blotch at Rampur, Chitwan , Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
L. Aryal ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
G. B. K.C.
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Late Sowing ◽  
Plot Design

A research was conducted in field to elucidate the response of 20 twenty drought tolerant wheat genotypes to spot blotch. Field experiment was carried out in Agronomy block of IAAS, Rampur, Chitwan in split plot design with three replications, considering 25 November as normal sowing and 15 December as late sowing dates taking them as main factors and genotypes as sub factors. Grain yield was 2.50 t ha-1 on 25 November sowing and 2.03 t ha-1 on 15 December sowing. Similarly thousand kernel weight was 37.50 g on 25 November sowing and 32.82 g on 15 December sowing.  Aditya, CSISA DRYT 5204 and CSISA DRYT 5205 had less than 13% grain yield and TKW reduction when sown in late condition also. From the experiment it is concluded that these three genotypes can be sown in late condition as they were resistant to spot blotch and heat stress.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4.9180 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 266-271

scholarly journals Grain yield stability of wheat genotypes under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro Akio Okuyama ◽  
Luiz Carlos Federizzi ◽  
José Fernandes Barbosa Neto
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interactions ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Late Sowing

Analyses of genotype by environment interactions were carried out for wheat genotypes grown under irrigated and non-irrigated field conditions, in two sowing dates during three years. The linear regression method was used to analyze the stability of grain yield. Genotype by environment interactions was observed for grain yield in all groups of environments. Nesser was the most productive and stable genotype in all groups of environments, followed by IAPAR 17-Caeté. In the late sowing, better yield performances were observed for the cultivars OCEPAR 7-Batuíra, IAPAR 17-Caeté and Nesser, under irrigated condition, and Nesser and IAPAR 28-Igapó, under non-irrigated condition. The results indicated that Nesser gave high grain yield with superior adaptability and stability, and could thus be considered as the most suitable genotype for late sowing and water stress condition at the end of plant cycle.

scholarly journals Biplot Yield Analysis of Heat-Tolerant Spring Wheat Genotypes (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Multiple Growing Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
M. Farhad ◽  
M.A.H.S. Jahan ◽  
M. Golam Mahboob ◽  
Jagadish Timsina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Late Sowing

Abstract It is important to identify and develop stable wheat varieties that can grow under heat stress. This important issue was addressed in Bangladesh using six wheat genotypes, including three existing elite cultivars (‘BARI Gom 26’, ‘BARI Gom 27’, ‘BARI Gom 28’) and three advanced lines (‘BAW 1130’, ‘BAW 1138’, ‘BAW 1140’). Six sowing dates, namely early sowing (ES) (10 November), optimum sowing (OS) (20 November), slightly late sowing (SLS) (30 November), late sowing (LS) (10 December), very late sowing (VLS) (20 December) and extremely late sowing (ELS) (30 December) were assessed over two years in four locations, representative of the diversity in Bangladesh’s agro-ecological zones. In a split plot design, sowing dates were allocated as main plots and genotypes as subplots. A GGE biplot analysis was applied to identify heat tolerance and to select and recommend genotypes for cultivation in heat-prone zones. All tested genotypes gave greatest grain yield (GY) after OS, followed by SLS, ES and LS, while VLS and ELS gave smallest GY. When GY and the correlations between GY and stress tolerance indices were considered, ‘BAW 1140’, ‘BARI Gom 28’ and ‘BARI Gom26’ performed best under heat stress, regardless of location or sowing date. In contrast, ‘BARI Gom 27’ and ‘BAW 1130’ were susceptible to heat stress in all locations in both years. Ranking of genotypes and environments using GGE biplot analysis for yield stability showed ‘BAW1140’ to be most stable, followed by ‘BARI Gom 28’ and ‘BARI Gom 26’. Wheat sown on November 20 resulted in highest GY but that sown on December 30 resulted in lowest GY in both years. In conclusion, ‘BAW 1140’, ‘BARI Gom 28’ and ‘BARI Gom 26’ are the recommended wheat genotypes for use under prevailing conditions in Bangladesh.

Helminthosporium leaf blight resistance and agronomic performance of wheat genotypes across warm regions of South Asia

2004 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Sharma ◽  
E. Duveiller ◽  
F. Ahmed ◽  
B. Arun ◽  
D. Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Helminthosporium Leaf Blight

scholarly journals Effect of sowing Dates of some bread wheat cultivars on Disease response toward the fungal pathogen Wheat leaf rust

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Abu Ghraib ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
Sowing Dates

Disease responses of eight wheat cultivars , Saber Beg. , Abu-Ghraib 3, Mexipak , Tamoz 2,Tamoz 3 , IPA 95 ,IPA 99 and Tahadi which were grown in four different sowing date , 25 th October , 19th September , 14th December and 8 January , to leaf rust disease caused by Puccinia recondita were investigated under natural infection conditions at the experimental farm , College of Agriculture , Abu-Ghraib, during the growing season of 1997-1998.Results of this study revealed that IPA 95, IPA 99 and Tahadi showed moderate resistant reaction, while Tamuz 3 was moderateley susceptable . Abu-Ghraib , Saber Beg, Tamuz 2 and Mexipak showed susceptible yeaction to the causal agent . The first sowing date was not suitable for disease progress in comparsion to the fourth date where the highest disease severity were observed . The results also showed some correlation between disease response of each cultivar and the amount of chlorophyll, starch, soluble sugar in the flag leaf , and the Yield of each cultivare at the sowing dates were also obtained.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Timely and Late Sowing Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Padam Bahadur Poudel ◽  
Uttam Kumar Jaishi ◽  
Laxmi Poudel ◽  
Mukti Ram Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Late Sowing

A field experiment was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Bhairahawa during winter season of 2019/2020 to find out the performance of wheat genotypes under timely sown (November 29, 2019) and late sown (December 25, 2019) conditions. The research was carried out in two environments (timely sown and late sown) following alpha lattice design with two replications. Each replication consists of five blocks with four plots in each block. The results revealed that all genotypes performance was decreased in late sowing environment. In late sown condition, there was significant difference among genotypes for all the traits under study and under timely sown condition, there was significant difference among genotype for all traits under study except weight of grains per spike and grain yield. The maximum yield was recorded in NL 1179 and Bhirkuti in timely and late sown conditions respectively. It was found that the mean grain yield in timely sown condition is 90.77 % higher than in late sown condition. The maximum grain yield was recorded in NL 1179 across combine environment. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 161-169

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