scholarly journals Urban Poverty: A Sociological Study of Shankhamul Squatter

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Ram Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

The paper aims to identify the nature of poverty of squatter of Kathmandu valley in the context of exploring urban poverty. It has conceptualized poverty, urbanization, slum, and squatter. It has explored the social, economic and political background of squatter people. This paper also explores the nature of access of squatter people to basic requirements. It has discussed that squatter is a social formation formed by rural-urban migration of poor people to search options of livelihood. Keywords: Poor; slum area; migration; urbanization; livelihood DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4519 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.4 2010 pp.179-192

Migration in India: A Review

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Economic Gain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Demographic Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

Migration in India has received increased scholarly attention in the past forty years, assisted by additional categories of data collected through the National Census. Considering the volume of both internal and international migration, the Indian population is relatively immobile. Most movements occur locally; 60 percent of internal migration is rural-rural on an intra-district level, consisting primarily of women moving with their husbands after marriage. Next in importance is the rural-urban migration of males seeking economic gain. The few studies done on migrants' characteristics show migration to be highly selective of age, sex, marital status, education, occupation and caste. The specific role of poverty in causing migration is still under debate. Key areas for further research include a greater focus on immobility; the social and demographic consequences of migration on sending and receiving communities; and the social, economic and demographic behavior of the migrants.

Risking Debt for Honor

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Cash
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
The Republic

Research on godparenthood has traditionally emphasized its stabilizing effect on social structure. This article, however, focuses attention on how the practices and discourses associated with marital sponsorship in the Republic of Moldova ascribe value to the risks and uncertainties of social life. Moldova has experienced substantial economic, social, and political upheaval during the past two decades of postsocialism, following a longer period of Soviet-era modernization, secularization, and rural–urban migration. In this context, godparenthood has not contributed to the long-term stability of class structure or social relations, but people continue to seek honor and social respect by taking the social and economic risks involved in sponsoring new marriages.

scholarly journals Difficulties of Soviet Urbanization and Construction of the “Socialist City” in the Multicultural Periphery: Kazan in the 1920s

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-240
Author(s):  
T.M. Bohn ◽  
◽  
S.Yu. Malysheva ◽  
A.A. Salnikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soviet Policy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
City Construction

Based on the example of Kazan in the 1920s, the difficulties and problems of implementing the Soviet policy of urbanization and “socialist city” construction in cities with a nationally and religiously heterogeneous population are shown. This policy and the related processes of rural-urban migration, “indigenization”, “apartment redistribution”, and development of the urban outskirts at the expense of the former “bourgeois” center destroyed, deliberately and purposefully, the urban culture that had previously prevailed here and changed the social and national composition of the urban population. Therefore, they can be regarded as the tools of “positive discrimination”. The “positive discrimination” of the formerly dominant urban Russian culture in favor of the developing Tatar culture, mostly in its rural variant, manifested itself very clearly in education, namely in the content and design of the Soviet Tatar alphabet (alifba). However, the practice of granting preferences to the previously discriminated strata turned out to be short-term, tooled for the tasks of immediate strengthening of the social base of the Soviet power, and designed to destroy the former society and culture. These practices of dealing with multiculturalism became less popular by the late 1920s–early 1930s, as the Bolshevik power stabilized and “state-oriented” and unifying tendencies in the power policy increased.

Two sacred tales in the Seoul metropolis: The gospels of prosperity and development in modernizing South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Sahm Suh
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Korean War ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Religious Actors

This article examines the ways in which the emergence of the Seoul Capital Area offered both opportunities and challenges to religious actors in modernizing South Korea. South Korea rebuilt itself from the ruins of the Korean War through an accelerated process of urbanization and industrialization in accordance with a state-led modernization drive. This process, in turn, led to an unprecedented population concentration in Seoul and its surrounding area, where new political and economic centers emerged side-by-side with slums and shantytowns. Amid this turbulent social change, some of today’s most well-known Protestant leaders – especially Pentecostal Cho Yong-gi and Calvinist Kim Chin-hong – joined the caravan of rural-to-urban migration and commenced their ministries in Seoul, adapting their religious messages and practices to address the social aspirations of the growing urban population. This article demonstrates that despite their shared concern for the problem of urban poverty, Cho Yong-gi and Kim Chin-hong faced successes and failures in different ways as they adopted ministerial programs of the gospel of prosperity and the theology of development, respectively.

scholarly journals Social-economic well-being and social tension in the Volga Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-502
Author(s):  
D. V. Zaitsev ◽  
I. Yu. Surkova ◽  
Yu. V. Selivanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Well Being

The article presents the results of the regional sociological study of the parameters of the social-economic well-being in the Volga Region. The well-being category consists of social satisfaction, trust, tension and security. Social well-being reflects the efficiency of the social system, its quality, the authorities’ competence in the development of social-economic processes and of a socially sensitive (accessible, comfortable) social environment. The study identified connections between social-economic well-being and employment, financial situation and the dynamics of migration; and empirically proved the low likelihood of ethnic or religious conflicts in the region, the high level of social well-being as mentioned by the younger generations and the average one among other age groups. The level of ethnic and confessional tension is influenced by the age of the respondents: a third of the younger generations and of the working age are more concerned with the criminal situation and with conflicts on national and religious grounds than pensioners. The able-bodied population of the Volga Region is concerned about their professional well-being due to perceiving migrants as competitors: in some cases, an increase in the share of migrants contributes to conflicts in the interethnic interaction. With an increase in the educational level the degree of social trust increases, which is a positive factor for the tolerant attitude towards others. In general, there are no reasons for concerns about ethnic conflicts in the region. The multi-ethnicity of the Russian society explains the relatively high tolerance to migrants despite many risk factors.

scholarly journals On the Determinants of Slum Formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (621) ◽  
pp. 1971-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Cavalcanti ◽  
Daniel Da Mata ◽  
Marcelo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Housing Choice ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Slum Formation

Abstract We construct a simple model of a city with heterogeneous agents and housing choice to explain the determinants of slums, home to about one-third of the urban population in developing countries. The model supports the main empirical evidence regarding slum formation and is able quantitatively to assess the role of each determinant of slum growth. We show that urban poverty, inequality and rural–urban migration explain much of the variation in slum growth in Brazil from 1980 to 2000. Ex ante evaluation of the impacts of policy interventions shows that removing barriers to formalisation has a strong impact on slum reduction.

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