scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF RIVER WATER QUALITY USING MACRO-INVERTEBRATES AS INDICATORS: A CASE STUDY OF BHALU KHOLA TRIBUTARY, BUDHIGANDAKI RIVER, GORKHA, NEPAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Anju Rana ◽  
Jeevan Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Tools

 Macroinvertebrates are widely considered as indicators of water quality. The present research work was conducted in Bhalu khola, a tributary of Budhigandaki River, Nepal, to identify water quality using macro invertebrates with Nepalese Biotic Score (NEPBIOS), and examine its applicability by comparing with Water Quality Index (WQI).The diversity of macro invertebrates in the studied river was high as depicted by Shannon Wiener Diversity Index. Altogether, 103 macro invertebrates were identified from 11 families and five orders. There were no dominant species, and most of the species were in clumped distribution. According to NEPBIOS index, river water was found to comply with the characteristics of WQ class I-II that means water quality of the river was good. Other indices such as Hilsenhoff and Lincoln quality index (LQI) index also supported this result. Similarly, water quality index (WQI) also showed similarity with NEPBIOS index, indicating water appropriate for drinking purpose. Thus, it is concluded that the macro invertebrates can be used as economic tools for determining water quality of streams and rivers as efficient water quality indicators.International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-3, June-August 2015Page: 55-68

scholarly journals Evaluation water quality of Diyala River in Iraq using Bhargava method

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Nawar Al-Musawi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Good For ◽  
Diyala River

Diyala River is a tributary of Tigris River, it is one of the important rivers in Iraq. It covers a total distance of 445 km (275 miles). 32600 km2 is the area that drains by Diyala River between Iraqi-Iranian borders. This research aims to evaluate the water quality index WQI of Diyala River, where three stations were chosen along the river. These stations are D12 at Jalawlaa City at the beginning of Diyala River, the second station is D15 at Baaquba City at the mid distance of the river, and the third station is D17 which is the last station before the confluence of Diyala River with Tigris River at Baghdad city. Bhargava method was used in order to evaluate the water quality index for both irrigation and drinking uses. The results indicated that Diyala river water quality at its beginning was excellent for irrigation and good for drinking, while at the mid distance of the river, it was good for irrigation but heavily polluted and unsafe for drinking. Water quality of the river at the third site was acceptable for irrigation but again severely polluted and unsafe for drinking.

scholarly journals Assessment of Surface Water Quality of Mayur River in Khulna City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahadi Hashan ◽  
S.M. Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Phosphate Nitrate

Abstract River water quality is one of the foremost concerns now a days as it plays a significant role in human and aquatic life. Mayur River, located on the northwestern side of the Khulna city, is important from numerous points of view like freshwater reservoir, navigation, water source for irrigation, ground for fishing and the main wastewater route of Khulna city. However along with human interruption, the unplanned and untreated crude dumping of domestic, industrial and household waste into it, the natural flow of the river is totally retarded and the river water quality has been degraded on a large scale due to water pollution. This pollution has colossal negative impact on day to day life of the inhabitants living alongside of this river as they use this water for domestic and sometimes drinking purposes. That is where the significance of assessing the water quality of Mayur River has come from. The core objectives of this study is to assess the water quality of Mayur River and to develop a model using statistical analysis between water quality parameters (WQP) and water quality index (WQI) to interpret relationship among them. Water quality was assessed on the basis of WQI calculation using National Sanitary Foundation water quality index method. The temporal WQI value showed that the water quality in Mayur River got worse in dry season than that of wet season due to dilution. Much higher values were obtained in case of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity, total solids (TS), chloride, phosphate, nitrate and fecal coliform (FC). Pearson correlation coefficient shows negative relationship among temporal average WQI with other parameters except pH. Regression analysis indicates that 99.7% proportion of variance of dependent variable (temporal average WQI) can be predicted from the independent variables (Dissolved Oxygen (% saturation), BOD, turbidity, TS, pH, temperature change, phosphate, nitrate and FC). Total nine prediction equations were formed using regression coefficients that may be helpful to predict the WQI on the basis of WQP in future.

Water quality index analysis for portable and bottled waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-468
Author(s):  
Abdelkader T. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This research work aimed to investigate the degree of quality of tap and bottled waters available in Al-Madinah city through an experimental program comprising chemical, physical and biological tests. The study included examining the quality of the water supply network components such as taps, underground storage tanks and feeding pipes of the network. Filtration influence on the tap water was investigated by testing different water samples before and after the filtration process at different locations. The experiments also examined various bottled water brands sold in Al-Madinah. In addition, the impact of using the dispenser on the water quality of large bottled waters was studied. The water quality of two types of waters was compared by estimating water quality index (WQI). Results of this study revealed that the overall quality of the tap water is within standard values; however, deterioration occurs for the water through its journey in the water supply system. Results revealed that hardness and fluoride concentrations in bottled waters exhibited high values close to or more than allowable values of the standards. Furthermore, results confirmed that using the filter and dispenser decreased the water quality degree in the long run. Bottled waters showed a higher grade of WQI than tap water.

Indice de qualité de l'eau pour détecter l'impact de la pollution diffuse urbaine

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Couillard ◽  
Yves Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Qualité De L’Eau ◽  
Combined Sewer

This study fits into the scheme of research work being carried out to control stormwater rejects. Its main objective is to represent, with the help of a water quality index, the deterioration of the quality of the Saint-Charles River, caused by the combined sewer overflows of Quebec City, Canada, during a rainstorm. The proposed quality index has been applied to evaluate the recreational use of the river.The overall results obtained in the case of a 20 mm rain show index values that characterize a water of poor quality. Moreover, within the region of the combined sewer overflow, a minimum delay of 24 h is necessary to allow the water quality of the Saint-Charles River to return to the level where it was at the dry period, which generally has a value less than the critical value for recreative use. Key words: water quality index, urban runoff, water pollution, nonpoint source of pollution, water quality, water use, environmental impact, pollution control.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality Index of River Musa for Drinking Purpose in Bida, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Abubakar Y. ◽  
Abdulrahman N.
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Canadian Council ◽  
Indiscriminate Disposal ◽  
Drinking Purpose

River Musa in Bida, Nigeria is of great importance to the people of the town and its environs. Due to the indiscriminate disposal of domestic and industrial effluents into the river, there is a need to evaluate the river water quality for drinking purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate some selected physicochemical parameters (Total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, ammonia (NH4), Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium and four heavy metals ( Fe, Pb, Cu and Mn)) of water from River Musa to reveal the detailed water quality of the river for its suitability for drinking purpose. To achieve this objective, the Canadian Council Water Quality index (CCWQI) was applied to the analytical results of the selected parameters to obtain a single value that was used to rank the river at each of the sampling locations. The annualaverage water quality indexes (for both rainy and dry season) at five locations are (40.9, 42, 40, 39.1 and 37.5). The results showed that the water quality of the entire river is poor (39.9) and the river water is not suitable for drinking purposes.

scholarly journals Assessment of water quality index: a case study in Old Brahmaputra river of Mymensingh District in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Muyen ◽  
M Rashedujjaman ◽  
MS Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Brahmaputra River ◽  
Physico Chemical

This study was conducted to measure the water quality parameters of old Brahmaputra River in Mymensingh district near Bangladesh Agricultural University to determine the water quality index (WQI) of the River Brahmaputra. Water quality focuses on various aspects of the physico-chemical parameters by which the quality of the water body can easily be elucidated. Three different locations were selected within the study area. Water samples were collected in April 2015 from these three locations along the river and analyzed for these physico-chemical parameters: pH, Dissolve Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Ammoniacal Nitrate (AN), Suspended Solids (SS). The values of these parameters were used to calculate the WQI based on the equation derived by the Department of Environment (DoE) Malaysia. The WQI was found to be 57.58, which falls in the class IV category and means that the water is “very polluted” and as of April 2015, this water is not suitable for public water supply, not suitable for recreational purpose, has limited potential for aquaculture but is suitable for irrigation.Progressive Agriculture 27 (3): 355-361, 2016

scholarly journals INDEKS KEANEKARAGAMAN KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR SAPROBITAS PERAIRAN DI SEKITAR PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP (PLTU) KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Munandar Munandar ◽  
Neneng Marlian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Uniformity Coefficient ◽  
Quality Of Waters ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This research aims to know the structure of the phytoplankton community in waters of PLTU Nagan Raya and to know the index of saprobitas based on the quality of waters in physics and chemistry of water. Research methods are laboratories where data research results obtained from the measurement results directly (in situ). The analysis conducted in the laboratory include identification and measurement of physical and chemical parameters of the water. The parameters in the observed in this research is phytoplankton abundance, diversity index, uniformity coefficient, saprobik, domination, phytoplankton, and water quality index. The results of the research there were 21 types of Phytoplankton Composition, from the 5th Division Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, namely Chryshophyta, Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta. The average phytoplankton abundance ranged from 20-72 cells/l, with an abundance of phytoplankton dominated Chryshophyta i.e. 42,66-2,66%. Judging from the average index of diversity IE 0-2.23; the uniformity that is 0-0.73; the dominance of 0 – 0.72; with saprobitas coefficients of phytoplankton ranges from 0.25 – 1.18 and average water quality index range 6.2466 – 63.6272; The result indicates the quality of the waters to provide moderate to very bad.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lower Zab river water quality using both Canadian Water Quality Index Method and NSF Water Quality Index Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-171
Author(s):  
Sarah Ahmed ◽  
Ali Abedulwahab ◽  
Rehab Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Najemalden ◽  
Omer Taha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Canadian Council

Rivers are considered the most important sources of surface water on Earth. They are play a significant role in all human activities and the quality of river water is needed. Therefore, the importance of the water quality index is arising through providing data base about quality of the water source, and explain the change in the water quality over a period of time continually. This study involved determination of physicochemical and biological parameters of Lower Zab river in Kirkuk city at two different points. The objectives of the study are to assess the present water quality, through analysis of some selected water quality parameters like pH, TDS, BOD, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, EC, alkalinity, and salinity etc. and to compare the results with the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment and National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Indices. Raw water samples were collected from the Lower Zab river twice a month by one sample every 15 days from each station. The water quality data include 16 different parameters. Tests were carried out following the American Public Health Association standard methods. The results show that all parameters values were within the standards of drinking water proposed by the CCME standards and Iraqi standards or the World Health Organization standards for drinking purpose, except turbidity, DO, nitrate, calcium, which were mostly higher than the standards and sometimes BOD and potassium. The results of WQI showed that the water quality at LZ3 station is lower than LZ2 station due to the polluting activity of the Lower Zab river. Furthermore, for the years 2014, 2015, and 2016, the water quality was degraded due to the ISIS war. Also, it was noted in the 2013 year that the water quality degraded more in fall and winter seasons due to that the earth has exposed to the long-dried season and then suddenly exposed to a high rainfall season which in turns leads to increase some parameters very high (i.e. turbidity). Finally, the Lower Zab river water cannot be use for drinking directly. However, a pretreatment is needed before the drinking use.

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