scholarly journals Gorkha Earthquake 2015 and Post Disaster Reconstruction in Nepal: Challenges and Prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Rajesh Uprety
Keyword(s):  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Massive Scale ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
Earthquake Resilience ◽  
Rescue And Relief ◽  
New Education

The Gorkha earthquake of moment magnitude 7.6 hit the central region of Nepal on April 25, 2015; with the epicenter about 77 km northwest of Kathmandu Valley. This paper aims to explore the challenges and opportunities of reconstruction in earthquake punched areas of Nepal. The Gorkha earthquake on April 25, 2015, has significantly affected the livelihood of people and overall economy in Nepal, causing severe damage and destruction in central Nepal including nation’s capital. A larger part of the earthquake affected area is difficult to access with rough terrain and scattered settlements, which posed unique challenges and efforts on a massive scale reconstruction and rehabilitation. Challenge of reconstruction of thousands houses is tough for Nepal in the background of its uproar political scenario and weak governance. With significant actors involved in the reconstruction process, no appreciable relief has reached to the ground, which is reflected over the frustration of affected people. Although the earthquake negatively influenced the country’s economy, it opened the opportunity to create sustainable economic developments through proper disaster mainstreaming like construction of earthquake resilience infrastructures, new education and training, media-based mass awareness, and coordinated actions in different parts of the society. Disaster is also an opportunity for development. Hence, if we start thinking for the opportunities after the disaster in a constructive way, still there is a flourishing future of development. This paper is prepared by analyzing few literatures and the personal experiences of the author being as a part of rescue and relief operation in Gorkha during the critical flash of earthquake.

scholarly journals Post Disaster Reconstruction after 2015 Gorkha Earthquake: Challenges and Influencing Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshab Sharma ◽  
Apil KC ◽  
Mandip Subedi ◽  
Bigul Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Technical Issues

The Gorkha earthquake on April 25, 2015 has significantly affected the livelihood of people and overall economy in Nepal, causing severe damage and destruction in central Nepal including nation's capital. 800 thousand buildings were affected leaving 8 million people homeless. Challenge of reconstruction of optimum 800 thousand houses is arduous for Nepal Government in background of its turmoil political scenario and weak governance apart from its difficult geographical terrain. Albeit, with significant number of stakeholders involved in the reconstruction process, no appreciable progress has seen to the ground till date, which is reflected over the frustration of affected people. In order to identify factors hindering timely and quality reconstruction, this research has brought basic arguments and ideas prospected by different actors involved in the process. Methodology of the study is comprised with semi structured interviews with social mobilizers, engineers working in the field, and affected people, group discussion, field observations and regular follow-up of the incidents through national newspapers and discussion forums. This study concludes that inaccessibility, absence of local government, weak governance, weak infrastructures, lack of preparedness, knowledge gap and manpower shortage etc. are the key challenges of the reconstruction after 2015 earthquake in Nepal. Good governance, integrated information, addressing technical issues, public participation along with short term and long term strategies to tackle with technical issues are highlighted as some imperative factors for timely and quality reconstruction in context of Nepal.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2018, 14(1): 52-63

Role of MOOCs for Technology and Business Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-121
Author(s):  
Saneem Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
The Government ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
New Education

Education with the help of technology is deliberated as an encouraging development and means of transforming the teaching-learning model. The significant changes in use of the technology in online education has seen the emergence of the concept of massive open online courses (MOOCs). India has the world's largest youth population of about 500 million in the age bracket of 5-24 years. According to the statistics offered by Deloitte, 69% of jobs will be impacted by automation and analytical skills. Critical thinking and emotional intelligence will have a higher demand as against reading and writing by 2022. The World Economic Forum's ‘Future of Jobs 2018' report states that more than one-half of India's workforce will have to be reskilled by 2022. There is a need to make the Indian educational system globally more relevant and competitive. In this context, this chapter attempts to bring out the various aspects related to the challenges and opportunities through usage of MOOCs in technology and business education, especially in the context of the new education policy of the Government of India in 2020.

scholarly journals The Revolution within a Revolution: Personal Experiences of a Young Interventional Radiologist

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 029-031
Author(s):  
Sonali Mehandru
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Interventional Radiologist ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

AbstractInterventional radiology (IR) has undergone a paradigm shift, and has become more clinically directed. This is particularly true with the new training programs, which are all required to have outpatient clinics, admitting services, and consult services within their hospitals. Despite these changes in education, however, many jobs still require a significant amount of diagnostic imaging work, and many established groups are reticent to allow the time and resources needed to pursue this clinical model of IR practice. This lack of support can lead to frustration for the early career interventional radiologist. This article describes the experience of one early career interventional radiologist, including some of the challenges and opportunities that have arisen from the recent changes in training.

Topographic and geologic controls on landslides induced by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake and its aftershocks: an example from the Trishuli Valley, central Nepal

Landslides ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 953-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ying Tsou ◽  
Masahiro Chigira ◽  
Daisuke Higaki ◽  
Go Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Yagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Geologic Controls

scholarly journals Towards effective and sustainable disaster risk management in Nepal: challenges and gaps

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Ramesh Man Tuladhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Soft Rock ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Rescue And Relief

Geo-hazards, dynamic Himalayan tectonics, high seismicity, predominant soft rock (argillaceous) formations, steep slopes, rugged (high elevation difference) terrain, when mistreated would trigger-disasters. These natural factors exacerbated by unplanned developments together with impacts of global climate change have further scaled-up disasters in Nepal. Common natural disasters in Nepal impacting the livelihoods of the people below poverty are: earthquakes, floods and landslides. The return period of former is longer (+/- 70 years)but catastrophic, e.g. Gorkha-earthquake, while latter ones are recurrent and chaotic. Substantial efforts have been made on disaster risk reductions (DRR) both by the state and non-state organizations. Contributions from sectoral ministries led by the Ministry of Home Affairs are primarily focused to legal provisions, strategies and policies while the departments are mandated to implement sectoral activities through projects and programs. Post Gorkha-earthquake rescue and relief operations demonstrated an exemplary solidarity among national, bilateral and international organizations. Reconstruction works are rather slow and still being continued. Despite substantial DRR efforts, outcomes are not satisfactory to the desired extent, whether it is earthquake or are floods and landslides across the country as per media and public voices reported. This paper aims to analyse some key questions towards effective and sustainable disaster risk management in Nepal against existing challenges and gaps in the backdrop of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015-2030. A theory of change that would help improve effectiveness and sustainability of disaster risk management (DRM) in Nepal is envisioned and discussed

scholarly journals An approach of preparing earthquake induced landslide hazard map: a case study of Nuwakot District, central Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Harish Dangi ◽  
Tara Nidhi Bhattarai ◽  
Prem Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Quantification Theory ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Major Disaster ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Landslide Hazard Map

The Gorkha Earthquake-2015 triggered landslides which are widespread in central Nepal. The landslides swept away physical infrastructures like roads, schools, public and residential buildings, and cultivated lands at several locations. This indicated that the decision makers were not aware of the fact that the locations for possible earthquake-induced landslides can be predicted, and physical infrastructure development can be planned accordingly. What is needed for the purpose is an earthquake-induced landslide hazard map which is a useful tool in decision making, particularly for finding safer geographical locations for residential and public building construction, and also for other physical infrastructure development. Immediately after the Gorkha Earthquake-2015, JICA prepared an earthquake-induced landslide hazard map of the Gorkha and the Sindhupalchowak Districts using a certain methodology. But there remains a research question regarding whether the same methodology can be applied in preparing earthquake-induced landslide hazard maps of other earthquake-affected districts located away from the epicenter area. The main purpose of this research was to apply the JICA methodology to prepare an earthquake-induced landslide hazard map of the Nuwakot District, central Nepal which is the one if the most affected district by Gorkha earthquake 2015. The second purpose was to examine whether the map captured the ground reality or not. While preparing the input data required, four major disaster factors were taken into consideration which includes, among others, slope inclination, slope direction, relationship with the major thrust and distance from the epicenter. These factors were classified and characterized according to their nature and condition. The result was then analyzed by using quantification theory. An earthquake-induced landslide hazard map was then prepared using QGIS as a major software tool. The map was also verified through ground-truthing visiting several locations of the study site. The proposed methodology can be used to prepare similar maps in other affected districts of Gorkha earthquake 2015, and suitable sites for constructing physical infrastructures like roads, residential and public buildings can also be identified using the maps.

scholarly journals Socio-technical module in assistance: Promoting resilient reconstruction in the wake of a disaster

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Ranjan Dhungel ◽  
Surya Narayan Shrestha ◽  
Ramesh Guragain ◽  
Manish Raj Gouli ◽  
Ayush Baskota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Technical Process ◽  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Private Housing ◽  
Current Reconstruction

Disasters every year proclaim life of thousands and destruct infrastructures worth billions worldwide. Moreover, the developing countries are more prone to hazards as they are found to be lagging in early preparedness regarding the consequences of disaster. Nepal, in the wake of the 7.8 magnitude 2015 Gorkha Earthquake had to face devastating effects as the country lost nearly ten-thousand lives and structures accounting 6.69 billion US$ (NRA, 2016). Private Housing, one of the subordinates of social sector, faced the colossal damage, making the dwellers bound to take shelter under the makeshift tents. To that end, government has adopted owner driven approach for reconstruction and it is advancing in an amplified way. Since the rural terrains with low strength masonry had to face shattering effects, the reconstruction demands their construction with incorporation of seismic resistant components. The technique of construction since significantly differs than the primitive way, diverse modes of assistance is required by house owners to make their buildings codal compliant, which is also linked with obtaining subsidy. Not only reconstruction is a technical process, rather it is also a blend of economic, social and cross cutting issues. Having said that, the paper aims to study a multidimensional approach of socio-technical assistance (STA) through the study of different cases of ongoing post-earthquake reconstruction. The paper studies the impacts of socio-technical assistance being provided at various earthquake affected areas to understand what aspects of socio-technical assistance are aiding in the current reconstruction process. In conclusion, the paper identifies the core areas of sociotechnical assistance that is required in the aftermath of a disaster and how the current institutional structure can be modified to enhance the quality of socio-technical assistance being provided through various government and non-government agencies.

scholarly journals Landslide susceptibility in Rasuwa District of central Nepal after the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badal Pokharel ◽  
Prem Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Prediction Rate ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images

The 2015 Gorkha Earthquake (7.8 Mw) triggered several landslides in central Nepal with major damages in 14 districts. Among them, the Rasuwa district at the north of Kathmandu Valley faced severe landslides due to rugged topography, complex geology and improper land use development. The landslides had blocked the Pasang Lhamu Highway and dammed the Trishuli River at many places. A total of 1416 landslide locations were detected in the district from high resolution satellite images in Google Earth. In this study, landslide susceptibility was modeled in the Rasuwa District by considering slope, aspect, elevation, geology, peak ground acceleration (PGA), land use, drainage proximity and thrust proximity as the predictive factors for landslide occurrences. The landslide inventory was split into 70% and 30% portions as the training dataset and testing dataset respectively. The results from modified frequency ratio (FR) suggest that effect of geology with prediction rate 2.52 is the highest among all factors and is followed by elevation (2.38) and drainage proximity (2.12). The results were verified using area under curve (AUC) and the prediction rate was found to be 79.14%. The computed landslide susceptibility map is helpful for land use planning and landslide risk reduction measure in the Rasuwa District.

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