scholarly journals Inventory of Butterflies and Its Role to Promote Ecotourism in Northern Sindhupalchok District of Central Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Bhaiya Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Mountain Habitats ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
North Western

Sindhupalchok is one of the largest districts of central Nepal with area occupancy of about 2542 km². The northern side of this district exhibits complex physical feature where this study was carried out within the elevation of 850m to 4300m. The changing elevation gradients along mountain habitats act to control the distribution of butterflies at its ascending range. This study made on different periods in 2009 and 2012 brought a list of 114 species of butterflies from three different destinations of the northern side that included areas like Melamchi, Timbu (central-northern), Helambu (northern) Nakote (north-western) Panch Pokhari and adjoining region (north-eastern). The diversity of butterflies declined gradually above 3500m towards Panch Pokhari whereas species richness was noticed high at 900-2700 m from Melamchi to Helambu route including Nakote, Shermathan and Tarkyghyang. Ecotourism promotional activity can also be linked to the butterfly watch that includes rare and attractive species carrying high interest to the visiting tourists to this region. These tourists intend to watch, document and photograph these butterflies besides birds and other wildlife species. The supplementary information on these insects including other faunal components can be helpful to provide impressive knowledge to the visiting tourists to this part.

Zooplankton of the highland bogs of Putana, a desert wetland of the high puna, northern Chile

Crustaceana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Muñoz-Pedreros ◽  
Patricio De los Ríos-Escalante ◽  
Patricia Möller
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
Salt Flats ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

The Atacama “puna” (high-altitude plateau) is situated among the high peaks of the Andes at over 4000 m a.s.l. This ecosystem covers parts of north-eastern Chile, north-western Argentina, south-eastern Peru, and mid-western Bolivia. The puna brings together several types of wetlands, such as salt-flats, lakes, rivers, high marshes, and highland bogs. Highland bogs are peatlands associated with endorheic basins. The object of this study was to analyse the specific composition and structure of the zooplankton of the bogs of the Putana River, on the Altiplano of northern Chile. In 2012, zooplankton samples were taken for qualitative and quantitative analysis at nine stations of the bog. Nine taxa of zooplanktonic crustaceans were recorded. The species richness is higher than records in other high Andean wetland at a similar altitude, although the species found have been reported for other high Andean wetlands and Andean lakes in Chile and from neighbouring countries.

scholarly journals A Review of Recently Discovered Remains of the Pleistocene Branchiopods (Anostraca, Notostraca) from NE Siberia and Arctic Canada

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
D. Christopher Rogers ◽  
Anton A. Zharov ◽  
Anna N. Neretina ◽  
Svetlana A. Kuzmina ◽  
Alexey A. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Western North America ◽  
Temporary Wetlands ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Large Mammal ◽  
Large Branchiopods ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western ◽  
Large Branchiopod

In this study, we examine, identify, and discuss fossil remains of large branchiopod crustaceans collected from six sites across the Beringian region (north-eastern Asia and north-western North America). Eggs and mandibles from Anostraca and Notostraca, as well as a notostracan telson fragment and a possible notostracan second maxilla, were collected from both paleosediment samples and also from large mammal hair. The remains of large branchiopods and other species that are limited to seasonally astatic aquatic habitats (temporary wetlands) could be useful indicator organisms of paleoecological conditions. Different recent large branchiopod species have very different ecological preferences, with each species limited to specific geochemical component tolerance ranges regarding various salinity, cation, and gypsum concentrations. Our purpose is to bring the potential usefulness of these common fossil organisms to the attention of paleoecologists.

Monitoring of small rock pools reveals differential effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on birds and mammals in the Calakmul region, southern Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Delgado-Martínez ◽  
Fredy Alvarado ◽  
Melanie Kolb ◽  
Eduardo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Great attention has been drawn to the impacts of habitat deforestation and fragmentation on wildlife species richness. In contrast, much less attention has been paid to assessing the impacts of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife species composition and behaviour. We focused on natural small rock pools (sartenejas), which concentrate vertebrate activity due to habitat’s water limitation, to assess the impact of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on the species richness, diversity, composition, and behaviour of medium and large-sized birds and mammals in the highly biodiverse forests of Calakmul, southern Mexico. Camera trapping records of fauna using sartenejas within and outside the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR) showed that there were no effects on species richness, but contrasts emerged when comparing species diversity, composition, and behaviour. These effects differed between birds and mammals and between species: (1) bird diversity was greater outside the CBR, but mammal diversity was greater within and (2) the daily activity patterns of birds differed slightly within and outside the CBR but strongly contrasted in mammals. Our study highlights that even in areas supporting extensive forest cover, small-scale chronic anthropogenic disturbances can have pervasive negative effects on wildlife and that these effects contrast between animal groups.

scholarly journals Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of small antelopes : steenbok, Raphicerus campestris and suni, Neotragus moschatus : research communication

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Golezardy ◽  
I.G. Horak
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Far North ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
North East ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Geographic Regions

During surveys on the tick burdens of various wildlife species in South Africa, nine small antelopes became available for study. Six of these were steenbok, Raphicerus campestris and three sunis, Neotragus moschatus, and their tick burdens are recorded here. The steenbok were examined in three nature reserves and harboured nine tick species. The sunis were examined in a fourth reserve and were infested with eight species. The steenbok and sunis were generally infested with the immature stages of the same tick species that infest larger animals in the same geographic regions. In addition the sunis harboured Haemaphysalis parmata, which in South Africa is present only in the eastern and north-eastern coastal and adjacent areas of KwaZulu-Natal Province. They were also infested with Rhipicephalus kochi, which in South Africa occurs only in the far north-east of the KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo Provinces.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical potential of Ficus roxburghii an underutilized fruit of Sikkim Himalayas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 876-880
Author(s):  
Yamuna Pandey ◽  
S. Upadhyay ◽  
S. Manivannan ◽  
L. Sharma ◽  
S.S. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Western Himalayan Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

Ficus roxburghii, “Elephant ear fig “or wild fig is one of very popular fruits found growing wild in the hills of North Eastern and North Western Himalayan region. The fruit of wild fig has also been used as medicine by the tribal people of Sikkim and other states of India. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted at Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, Sikkim to access the different nutraceuticals properties as nutritional constituent like protein, fat, fibre, carbohydrate and energy value, mineral content viz.Ca, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Co, Mo, Fe, Mn and phytochemical content such as total phenols, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin and total carotenoids of F. roxburghii. The results of present study revealed that fruit of F. roxburghii contains significant amount of nutritional, mineral and phytochemical properties viz. protein (3.00±0.06%), fat (0.13±0.04%), fibre (3.06±0.02%), carbohydrate (90.81±0.44 %), energy value (376.45±1.44), Ca (23.69 ± 1.7), Mg  (73.09 ± 2.1), K (819.64 ± 12.54), Mo (0.58 ±  0.06), Na (6.73 ± 1.2), Zn (0.34 ± 0.10). Fe (26.55 ± 2.8), Cu (4.22 ± 0.20), Mn (7.11 ± 0.11), total phenols (4.13±0.52 mg GAE/ G), total flavonoid (3.10±0.09 mg GAE/ G), ascorbic acid (3.36±0.27 mg GAE/ G), anthocyanin (1.13±0.15 mg GAE/ G) and total carotenoids (0.68±0.10 mg GAE/ G). It may be concluded that the fruit of F. roxburghiiis rich in nutraceuticals and must be incorporated in our balanced diet.

Active-middle alignment and the aoristic drift

2020 ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
Delia Bentley
Keyword(s):  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

In the classification of Romance along a northern–southern continuum the languages which exhibit patterns of active-middle alignment (notably, the HABERE ~ ESSE alternation in the perfect) are also known to have undergone the aoristic drift. This article starts from Smith’s (2016) observation that the north-western oïl varieties have maintained the preterite, while also alternating the two auxiliaries, whereas the north-eastern oïl varieties have lost the HABERE ~ ESSE alternation and undergone the aoristic drift. It is argued that the developments which have occurred in the north-western varieties are not theoretically challenging or unique within the Romània. With respect to the generalization of habere in the north-eastern areas and, less conspicuously, throughout Gallo-Romance, it is claimed that this development was engendered by the rise of a dependent-marking system which follows undifferentiated nominative alignment. It is concluded that the modern Romània exhibits a stronghold of active-middle alignment in a group of central languages, which are essentially head marking.

scholarly journals Organic enrichment and structure of the macrozoobenthic community in the northern Adriatic Sea in an area facing Adige and Po mouths

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Simonini ◽  
I. Ansaloni ◽  
A.M. Bonvicini Pagliai ◽  
D. Prevedelli
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Organic Enrichment ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Opportunistic Species ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western ◽  
Macrozoobenthic Community

Abstract The structure of the macrozoobenthic community and the vertical distribution of organisms in the sediment were studied in order to assess the effects of river outflows and organic enrichment on the benthic community of the North Adriatic Sea. Sampling was carried out at one offshore sandy station (S3) and at two coastal muddy stations (S1 and S2), near to river Po and Adige deltas. Samples were collected in four surveys covering one year from April 1995 to January 1996. In all surveys, the offshore sandy station showed a complex trophic structure, high species richness and diversity, with the occurrence of tubicolous or burrowing polychaetes like Nothria conchylega, Aponuphis bilineata, Maldane sarsi, Nematonereis unicornis and Eunice vittata, which also colonized the deeper sediment layers. On the other hand, the coastal muddy stations both exhibited similar species composition and a great abundance of dominant, opportunistic species such as the bivalve Corbula gibba, typical of unstable sea bottoms with a high rate of sedimentation, and some polychaetes typical of sublittoral muddy bottoms such as Levinsenia gracilis, Aricidea claudiae, Prionospio malmgreni, Sternaspis scutata and P. cirrifera. The high density of a few opportunistic species (mainly surface-deposit feeders) and the scant penetration of organisms within sediments that characterized the stations S1 and S2 support other evidence of the eutrophication of the coastal areas of the north-western Adriatic Sea. However, the high biomass values, the species richness and diversity observed in S1 and S2 suggest the occurrence of less extreme conditions than at other highly-eutrophicated coastal areas. River outflows, eutrophication and, especially, the increasing frequency of acute dystrophic events may be recognized as the driving forces determining the structure and composition of the macrozoobenthic community at coastal areas of north-western Adriatic Sea.

Rediscovery of the Tasmanian Grasshopper Schayera-Baiulus (Orthoptera, Acrididae) in the Field

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHL Key
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Western

Two nymphs of the rare Tasmanian grasshopper Schayera baiulus (Erichson), a male and a female, have been discovered in the north-eastern and north-western corners of Tasmania respectively, thus confirming its Tasmanian provenance and suggesting a former wide distribution across the north of the island. The nymphs are described and figured. The female was reared to maturity and the adult genitalia described. The very different environments at the two capture localities are documented. The problems involved in defining the habitat requirements and securing the survival of the species are discussed.

Shaykh Bālī-Efendi on the ṣafavidsY

1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Minorsky
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
North Western

The contents of the document which forms the main subject of the present article are somewhat slender and cannot be appreciated outside the context of the struggles between the Ottomans and the Safavids for the incorporation of the Turkman tribes settled in the territories separating their states. Many points of the situation await further investigation and our summary will be as brief as the complicated subject admits.The home of the Ottoman dynasty was in the north-western corner of Anatolia, but, by the middle of the fourteenth century, the Turks had crossed over to the northern side of the Straits and the Balkan territories became the nursery of the Ottoman empire.

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