scholarly journals Short-Term Outcome of Mechanical Ventilation in Neonates

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Gurubacharya ◽  
DR Aryal ◽  
M Misra ◽  
R Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Western World ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Neonatal Ventilation ◽  
Hyaline Membrane

Mechanical ventilation of newborn has been practiced for several years with several advances made in the way. As compared to the Western world and our neighbouring countries, neonatal ventilation in our country is still in its infancy. Objectives: To analyze the common indications and outcome of neonates requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on neonates requiring mechanical ventilation within first 24 hours of birth over a period of nine months. Results: Birth asphyxia was the commonest indication for ventilation (59.67%) followed by asphyxia with meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) (17.74%), hyaline membrane disease (HMD) (8.06%), MAS (6.45%) and intrauterine pneumonia (6.45%). Out of 62 babies, 22 (35.48%) survived. Babies with asphyxia had highest survival rate (51.35%). Neonates with HMD did not survive. Term babies and babies weighing ≥2500g had higher survival rate of 40.47% and 41.46% respectively, while babies less than 32 weeks had survival rate of 16.66% only. Conclusions: Mechanical ventilation reduces the neonatal mortality; hence, facilities for neonatal ventilation should be included in the regional and central hospitals providing level II neonatal care. Key words: neonatal ventilation; hyaline membrane disease; low birth weight DOI: 10.3126/jnps.v31i1.3463J Nep Paedtr Soc 2010;31(1):35-38

ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IN HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE: THE USE OF POSITIVE END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE AND CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-640
Author(s):  
Niloufer Cumarasamy ◽  
Rosmarie Nüssli ◽  
Dieter Vischer ◽  
Peter H. Dangel ◽  
Gabriel V. Duc
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Artificial Ventilation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
Hyaline Membrane

During the years 1969, 1970, and 1971, 120 infants with hyaline membrane disease were studied, of whom 71 were treated with artificial ventilation. Among other changes in 1971, positive end-expiratory pressure was applied during mechanical ventilation and continuous positive airway pressure maintained during the weaning period. The survival rate of the ventilated babies increased from 23% in the preceding two years to 70% in 1971. As this study is not a controlled trial, the observed increase in survival cannot be ascribed to the application of increased airway pressure alone. The data presented, though necessarily inconclusive, may be useful for continuing comparisons with other pediatric centers.

scholarly journals Short Term Outcome of Preterm Neonates Required Mechanical Ventilation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Mannan ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Shahed Iqbal ◽  
Navila Ferdous ◽  
Subir Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Surfactant Therapy ◽  
Western World ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Preterm Baby ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Ventilator Support ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Neonatal Ventilation

Background: Since its inception, the neonatal mechanical ventilator has been considered an essential tool for managing preterm neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) and is still regarded as an integral component in the neonatal respiratory care continuum. Mechanical ventilation of newborn has been practiced for several years with several advances made in the way. As compared to the western world and neighboring countries, neonatal ventilation in our country is still in its infancy. To analyze the common indications and outcome of preterm neonates required mechanical ventilation.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted on preterm neonates required mechanical ventilation over a period of 12 months (July 2013 to June 2014).Results: A total of 50 neonates were mechanically ventilated during the study period of which 68% (n=34) survived. The survival rate was higher (77%) in 34- <37 weeks Gestational Age (GA) group and gradually declined in 30- <34 weeks (71%) & 27- <30 weeks (56%) GA. The neonates with Birth Weight (BW) ? 2500gm were higher survivals which was 100% and lower in 1500-2499gm (81%), 1000-1499gm (68%) and 800-999gm (33%) BW groups. Inborn neonates (68%) showed marginally higher survivals than outborn (66%) and also more survivals observed in preterm baby girls (72%) than boys (65%). RDS (62%) was the commonest indication for ventilation followed by Neonatal Sepsis (14%), Perinatal Asphyxia (PNA-10%), Congenital Pneumonia (8%) and Pneumothorax (6%). And found higher survivals in RDS (77%) than other indications which were in Pneumothorax (66%), PNA (60%), Sepsis (57%) and Pneumonia (50%). RDS (n=31) with surfactant therapy (n=14) recovered earlier <7 days (71.43%) than non surfactant therapy neonates (n=17), they required prolonged ventilator support over 7days (82.35%).Conclusions: Mechanical ventilation reduces the neonatal mortality, hence facilities for neonatal ventilation should be included in the regional and central hospitals providing intensive care for neonates.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (2); Jul 2016; Page 9-13

Improved Survival of Ventilated Neonates with Modern Intensive Care

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-987
Author(s):  
Richard L. Schreiner ◽  
Jeffrey A. Kisling ◽  
G. Michael Evans ◽  
Susan Phillips ◽  
James A. Lemons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Fetal Circulation ◽  
Persistent Fetal Circulation ◽  
Hyaline Membrane

The records of 909 infants who required mechanical ventilation over a 42-month period were reviewed; 68.3% of the infants survived. The highest survival rate was in infants with persistent fetal circulation and hyaline membrane disease, and the lowest in infants with congenital anomalies and miscellaneous diseases. The survival rate for each year of the 3½-year study increased from the previous year. There was also a dramatic increase in the survival rate in infants with a birth weight greater than 1,250 gm.

scholarly journals Neonatal mortality in a district hospital setup

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asim Khurshid ◽  
Junaid Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hyaline Membrane ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors

Objective: To evaluate the causes and risk factors of neonatal mortality, in a non-tertiary district hospital nursery. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and duration of study: This study was carried out in the Neonatal Unit of Social Security Hospital Muzuffar Garh, Pakistan from 1st May 2004 to 30th April 2005. Patients and methods: All newborns admitted in the nursery during study period were counted and the expired ones were evaluated in detail for the cause of death. Results: A total of 410 neonates were admitted during study period, 53.65% were male and 46.35 females. 47.22% were admitted within 1st 24 hours of their life, and 61.66% within 72 hours of birth. 56.66% of the expired neonates were low birth weight. Neonatal sepsis being the commonest cause of death (44%), 35% being of EOS and 65% cases of LOS. 2"d commonest cause of neonatal death was birth asphyxia (22%) and the third commonest cause was prematurity (19%) with its complications. Other causes of neonatal mortality were neonatal jau ndice (2.77%), meconium aspiration syndrome (1.66%), hyaline membrane `disease (6.66%), neural tube defects (1.11%) and congenital heart disease (1.66%). Many babies had more than one of the above said causes. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia and prematurity are the major killers in nurseries.

scholarly journals Outcome of neonates requiring mechanical ventilation in a tertiary hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Shanti Regmi ◽  
Santosh Pathak ◽  
Pusp Raj Awasti ◽  
Subhash Bhattarai ◽  
Rajan Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Organ Dysfunctions

Mechanical ventilation is a key therapeutic modality in treatment of sick neonates. Our hospital based retro­spective study conducted at Chitwan Medical College (CMC), Nepal over the duration of 2 years, from February 2015 to January 2017, with aims to study the clinical profile, indications, complications and outcome in terms of survival in mechanically ventilated neonates. Total of 119 mechanically ventilated neonates were included in the study. Along with admission and discharge register record, all the patient’s record files were retrieved from the medical record section, necessary details were entered in a predesigned proforma and statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS 20 software. Out of 1306 total NICU admission, total 130 were mechanically ventilat­ed, among them only 119 (9.1%) were included in the study. Majority (71.4%) were male. More than half were Preterm (51.3%) and outborn (58%). Most common indication of mechanical ventilation was sepsis followed by Birth asphyxia (BA), respiratory distress syndrome/hyaline membrane disease (RDS/HMD) and Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS). Overall survival was 45(37.8%). Among the indications during the study period, the best survival observed was in birth asphyxia. Shock and Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were the two most common complications encountered during the course of ventilation. Increasing birth weight, higher gestational age and Downes Score at intubation of 6 or < 6 was associated with a better outcome. Shock, multi organ dysfunctions (MODS), and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) were the statistically proven individual predictors of outcome.

The Heimlich Maneuver as an Aid in Endotracheal Intubation of Neonates

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-750
Author(s):  
Jay M. Milstein ◽  
Boyd W. Goetzman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hyaline Membrane ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedure ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Neonates with acute respiratory failure and certain other clinical conditions may require emergency endotracheal intubation. During the procedure, one periodically encounters laryngospasm with the vocal cords tightly apposed to each other, resisting passage of the endotracheal tube. We have encountered four such neonates during the past 12 months. Two neonates suffered from severe birth asphyxia and required intubation in the delivery room. A third infant was intubated because of progressive hypoxemia and hypercarbia secondary to hyaline membrane disease, and the fourth was intubated for an elective surgical procedure. A brief period of forced expiration produced by a depression of the sternum, a modification of the Heimlich maneuver,1 opened the vocal cords, enabling a smooth, relatively atraumatic intubation in all four infants.

Thoracic Transillumination: Aid in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumopericardium

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 958-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eresvita E. Cabatu ◽  
Edwin G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Pericardial Tamponade ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Air Leak ◽  
Hyaline Membrane ◽  
Life Threatening

A frequent complication of continuous positive airway pressure and mechanical ventilation used to treat neonates who have hyaline membrane disease and other forms of respiratory distress is an air leak from alveolar rupture. Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum are common. Pneumopericardium does not occur often, but it can be life-threatening if it produces acute cardiac tamponade. In a review of the literature, Brans and associates1 found that pneumopericardium in neonates was treated by pericardiocentesis in one half of the published cases; 79% of them survived or they ultimately died of complications unrelated to pericardial tamponade. However, only 32% of the infants treated conservatively survived.

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