scholarly journals Americar Dreams (An Introduction)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Marcin Mazurek ◽  
Justin Michael Battin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Present Issue ◽  
American Life ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
National Borders

Even though Baudrillard’s catchy piece of advice as for the most effective method of exploring America’s landscapes (both real and imaginary) comes from his postmodernist travelogue limited to its titular country, it is probably difficult for anyone interested in contemporary car cultures not to extend Baudrillard’s praise of the driving experience and perceive it in cognitive rather than transportation terms, not necessarily bounded by national borders. True, American driving culture and all its related contexts—its remarkable history, its contribution to social mobility, its spectacular cars, its mythologies, the list goes on and on—is not only the oldest one historically, but—given its ties with American life-styles, politics, social stratification and the overall consumerist mindset—also the most extreme one. From Henry Ford’s Model T storming millions of American households at the beginning of the 20th century to Elon Musk’s Tesla Roadster shot into space in the second decade of the following one, cars have shaped American horizons, both private and collective, like no other machine. This introductory text presents the concept of the present issue of RIAS as well as the concepts underlying its feature texts.

scholarly journals The Structural Dilemma of Citizen Participation: The Interactive Influence of Social Status and Subjective Social Mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110031
Author(s):  
Xuyun Tan ◽  
Xuejiao Dou ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Cai Xing ◽  
Baoyu Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Stratification Structure ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
High Social Status

In the context of rapid social change, the perception of social stratification has far-reaching and complex influences on human psychology and behavior, including citizen participation. The current research explored the interactive influence of social status and subjective social mobility on citizen participation. Two studies used experimental methods to manipulate subjective social mobility and social status, respectively, to examine the interactive effect. Taken together, the results of both studies revealed that the interaction between social status and subjective social mobility had a significant influence on citizen participation: whereas citizen participation with high social status was not affected by subjective social mobility, citizen participation with low social status decreased with increases in subjective social mobility. This research established a combined dynamic and static analysis framework of social stratification structure, elucidating the current status of citizen participation under the influence of the interaction between social status and subjective social mobility, and providing a countermeasure reference for effectively promoting citizen participation.

Pitirim A Sorokin: The interconnection between his life and scientific work

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Polar Opposite ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Life Career

This article discusses the relationship between two periods of Pitirim A Sorokin’s life, career and scientific work: the Russian period (till 1922) and the American (1923–68). The main sociological problems of both periods are considered in the article, including: social behaviour, the positivistic system of sociology and famine (as the key problems of his Russian period) and revolution, social stratification, social mobility, social and cultural dynamics and altruistic love (as the key problems of his American period). The important point in the discussion is that the Russian period is a prototype of the American one rather than its polar opposite; and therefore that the concepts that characterize Sorokin’s American period are the development of his ideas that had emerged while he was still in Russia.

Similar or Different? Continuities in Dutch Research on Social Stratification and Social Mobility.

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
David B. Grusky ◽  
Wim Jansen ◽  
Jaap Dronkers ◽  
Kitty Verrips
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Stratification

scholarly journals Transformation of Cinema Buildings and Spaces in Nicosia: Early-Mid 20th Century Heritage

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (special issue) ◽  
pp. 199-226
Author(s):  
Aliye Menteş ◽  
Valentina Donà
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Great Success ◽  
City Life ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Northern Cyprus ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Economic Understanding

Cinemas emerged as a new and genuine expression of culture at the beginning of the 20th century. In the 1920s cinema buildings became important for developing city life and especially as a social public space for entertainment. The period of great success of cinemas was inevitably destined to fade with the arrival of TV. However, this period left behind interesting architectural heritage. On the other hand, the “box of dreams”, the cinema industry, is a suggestive media contributing in defining other aspects of popular culture in a period of hectic changes and progress. The scope of this paper aims to investigate this specific building type, cinemas, within the context of modern heritage value in northern Cyprus. The purpose is to raise awareness on significance of cinema buildings thus to foster their protection and enhancement. The study also aims to investigate the historical relation of these buildings to their environments and neighborhoods as well as their transformed current situations. Some buildings were replaced with new ones, some were abandoned, and some others were converted into different uses. These transformed situations are results of changing economic, socio-cultural life styles and changing morphology of the cities. This paper aims also to stress the role of Cypriot architects and architecture in the international panorama within the Mediterranean area, in a peculiar multicultural context. Common features with other countries and local characteristics of the selected buildings are detected and analysed. Architectural qualities and solutions are studied to understand the reflections of the studied period. This study follows a qualitative research approach. The key discussions are made through investigating the cinema buildings and spaces in Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, as a case study method. This research investigates these buildings and spaces through historical archives, photographic surveys and producing maps for showing the location of these within the historic Walled City of Nicosia and its close surrounding. This stage provides significant data about their historic conditions and surroundings and comparisons with today’s current situations. In addition, interviews with local residents who used these cinemas in those periods are also carried out to support historical information and highlight the socio-cultural and economic understanding of those days.

NEW MEDIA, OLD PROBLEMS: SOCIAL STRATIFICATION, SOCIAL MOBILITY AND TECHNOLOGY USAGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragoș-Georgian Ilie ◽  
Ramona-Alexandra Neghină ◽  
Valentin-Andrei Mănescu ◽  
Mihaela-Rodica Ganciu ◽  
Gheorghe Militaru
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Technology Usage

scholarly journals International Trade and Institutional Change: Medieval Venice’s Response to Globalization*

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 753-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Puga ◽  
Daniel Trefler
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Broad Group ◽  
Before And After

Abstract International trade can have profound effects on domestic institutions. We examine this proposition in the context of medieval Venice circa 800–1600. Early on, the growth of long-distance trade enriched a broad group of merchants who used their newfound economic muscle to push for constraints on the executive, that is, for the end of a de facto hereditary Doge in 1032 and the establishment of a parliament in 1172. The merchants also pushed for remarkably modern innovations in contracting institutions that facilitated long-distance trade, for example, the colleganza. However, starting in 1297, a small group of particularly wealthy merchants blocked political and economic competition: they made parliamentary participation hereditary and erected barriers to participation in the most lucrative aspects of long-distance trade. Over the next two centuries this led to a fundamental societal shift away from political openness, economic competition, and social mobility and toward political closure, extreme inequality, and social stratification. We document this oligarchization using a unique database on the names of 8,178 parliamentarians and their families’ use of the colleganza in the periods immediately before and after 1297. We then link these families to 6,959 marriages during 1400–1599 to document the use of marriage alliances to monopolize the galley trade. Monopolization led to the rise of extreme inequality, with those who were powerful before 1297 emerging as the undisputed winners.

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