Analysis of the Effect of Trade Balance on Manufacturing: Evidence from the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Assandé D. Adom ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Auto Regression

The relationship between a country’s manufacturing industry and net trade carries a great deal of complexity and proves critical as the economy matures. Moreover, debates in public arenas are oftentimes not helpful in alleviating confusions. This study attempts to empirically explore the nature of this relationship for the United States in particular. Using a set of structural vector auto-regressions, it reveals that the development of the manufacturing sector is inhibited in the long-run by worsening trade balances. However, this relationship does not appear significant. The implication of this finding weakens arguments singling out negative trade balances as driving forces behind the perceived woes of US manufacturing. Keywords: Manufacturing, Trade balance, United States, Cointegration, Vector auto-regression. JEL Classification: F14, F60, C51.

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA, (1970-2009)

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Adejumo Akintoye Victor
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sector Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the relationship between foreign direct investment and the value added to the manufacturing industry in Nigeria, between the period 1970 and 2009. In view of the development and industrialising desires of Nigeria, as well as the foreign aid received in form of private investments, it is pertinent to examine the effect the presence of multinationals has had in shaping the Nigerian manufacturing industry. Using the autoregressive lag distribution technique to determine the relationship between foreign direct investment and manufacturing value added, it was discovered that in the long-run, foreign direct investments have had a negative effect on the manufacturing sub-sector in Nigeria.

The Third World vs.“Superpower”

Worldview ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
O. Edmund Clubb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Third World ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Willy Brandt ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Relationship

Speaking before the U.N. General Assembly in September, 1973, Chancellor Willy Brandt said: “Where hunger prevails, there can be no peace in the long run. Where bitter poverty prevails, there can be no justice.” He called upon the Assembly members to adopt a position on the moral aspects of international coexistence. And he said something else, that there is a limit to the expansion of power—“a limit where power becomes transformed into impotence.”His words had direct relevance to the relationship between the United States and the Third World. In the postwar period, in pursuit of its power aims, the United States concerned itself with ex-colonial countries primarily with the view of “saving” them, as political entities, from a dreaded “Communist conquest.”

Work Time Matters for Mental Health: A Gender Analysis of Paid and Unpaid Labor in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 048661342110355
Author(s):  
Chiara Piovani ◽  
Nursel Aydiner-Avsar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Unpaid Work ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Paid Labor ◽  
The Relationship

Based on Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) survey data for 2013–14, this paper examines the association between work time (inclusive of both paid and unpaid work time) and the mental health outcomes of men and women in the United States, controlling for economic and social buffers, education, and demographic factors. In the United States, even though women constitute close to half of the paid labor force, they still perform the lion’s share of unpaid work. The findings indicate that total work time is positively related with emotional distress for women, while there is no statistically significant relationship for men. For women, the relationship between work time and mental health is primarily driven by unpaid work rather than paid work. Evaluating the relationship between mental health and both productive and reproductive work is critical to develop effective public policies toward gender equity and social well-being. JEL classification: I14, J16, J01

Wage Growth and Inflation in the United States: Further Evidence from Johansen's Cointegration Approach

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Victor Ukpolo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Wage Change ◽  
Unit Root Testing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Procedure ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the relationship between wage growth and inflation in the United States. It has been hypothesized that an autonomous wage change represent a significant component of inflation determination. We adopted the recent technique of unit-root testing and Johansen's maximum likelihood procedure to show that, although, wage growth has some long-run impact on inflation pressures, it represents an insignificant determinant of inflation.

scholarly journals Dynamic Interrelationships between the U.S. Agricultural Trade Balance and the Macroeconomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungho Baek ◽  
Won W. Koo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
The U.S

The effects of the exchange rate and the income and money supply of the United States and its major trading partners on the U.S. agricultural trade balance are examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results suggest that the exchange rate is the key determinant of the short- and long-run behavior of the trade balance. It is also found that the income and money supply in both the United States and the trading partners have significant impacts on U.S. agricultural trade in both the short and long run.

scholarly journals Income Effects on the Trade Balance in the United States: Analysis by Sector

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-982
Author(s):  
Dragan Miljkovic ◽  
Rodney Paul
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Real Business Cycle ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Income Effects ◽  
The U.S

This study examines the causes of the countercyclicality of the trade balance in the three major sectors of the U.S. economy: services, manufacturing, and agriculture. These results are compared with the results pertinent to the U.S. economy as a whole. At the macroscopic level, Sachs' hypothesis seems to explain the countercyclicality of the trade balance, while results are mixed across individual sectors. The services sector may be explained by Sachs’ hypothesis, while results for the manufacturing sector are more consistent with the real business cycle hypothesis. The results for the agricultural sector, however, cannot be explained by either hypothesis.

Bilateral Trade Balance, Exchange Rates, and Income: Evidence from Malaysia

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1850183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed B. Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bilateral Exchange ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Bilateral Trade Balance ◽  
The Usa

This study attempts to examine the effects of real bilateral exchange rates on Malaysia's bilateral trade balances with its three major trading partners: the USA, Japan, and Singapore. The results suggest that the bilateral trade balance, real exchange rate, domestic and foreign incomes are cointegrated. In the long-run, Malaysia's bilateral trade balances are found to be responsive to the changes of bilateral exchange rate in the cases of the USA and Singapore but irresponsive for Japan. There is a clear evidence of the J-curve effect only in the case of Malaysia's trade balance with the United States. The results also indicate that devaluation tends to be recessionary. The findings suggest that Malaysia could use undervalued exchange rate strategy to improve its trade balances with the United States and Singapore but not Japan.

scholarly journals Manufacturing and the Convergence Hypothesis: What the Long-Run Data Show

1993 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N. Broadberry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Convergence Hypothesis ◽  
Technological Choice ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Productivity Gap

The commonly accepted chronology for comparative productivity levels, based on GDP data, does not apply to the manufacturing sector, which shows evidence of a much greater degree of stationarity of comparative labor productivity performance among the major industrialized countries of Britain, Germany, and the United States. These results for manufacturing suggest that convergence of GDP per worker must have occurred through trends in other sectors and through compositional effects of structural change. The persistent, large labor productivity gap between the United States and Europe cannot be explained simply by differences in capital per worker, but is related to technological choice.

Abusive Men's Use of Children to Control Their Partners and Ex-Partners

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa L. Beeble ◽  
Deborah Bybee ◽  
Cris M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The Relationship

While research has found that millions of children in the United States are exposed to their mothers being battered, and that many are themselves abused as well, little is known about the ways in which children are used by abusers to manipulate or harm their mothers. Anecdotal evidence suggests that perpetrators use children in a variety of ways to control and harm women; however, no studies to date have empirically examined the extent of this occurring. Therefore, the current study examined the extent to which survivors of abuse experienced this, as well as the conditions under which it occurred. Interviews were conducted with 156 women who had experienced recent intimate partner violence. Each of these women had at least one child between the ages of 5 and 12. Most women (88%) reported that their assailants had used their children against them in varying ways. Multiple variables were found to be related to this occurring, including the relationship between the assailant and the children, the extent of physical and emotional abuse used by the abuser against the woman, and the assailant's court-ordered visitation status. Findings point toward the complex situational conditions by which assailants use the children of their partners or ex-partners to continue the abuse, and the need for a great deal more research in this area.

The United States and the Iranian Nuclear Programme

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Hurst
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nixon Administration ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nuclear Issue ◽  
The Relationship

The United States, Iran and the Bomb provides the first comprehensive analysis of the US-Iranian nuclear relationship from its origins through to the signing of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2015. Starting with the Nixon administration in the 1970s, it analyses the policies of successive US administrations toward the Iranian nuclear programme. Emphasizing the centrality of domestic politics to decision-making on both sides, it offers both an explanation of the evolution of the relationship and a critique of successive US administrations' efforts to halt the Iranian nuclear programme, with neither coercive measures nor inducements effectively applied. The book further argues that factional politics inside Iran played a crucial role in Iranian nuclear decision-making and that American policy tended to reinforce the position of Iranian hardliners and undermine that of those who were prepared to compromise on the nuclear issue. In the final chapter it demonstrates how President Obama's alterations to American strategy, accompanied by shifts in Iranian domestic politics, finally brought about the signing of the JCPOA in 2015.

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