scholarly journals Smoke Movement and Evacuation Time in the Arcade of a Traditional Market using Numerical Simulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-410
Author(s):  
Taeyeon Kim ◽  
Byungseon Sean Kim ◽  
Kwangho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Traditional Market

scholarly journals STUDY OF EVACUATION TIME CHARACTERISTICS COUPLED WITH NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TSUNAMI IN OKAYAMA CITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. I_289-I_294
Author(s):  
Ryosuke AKOH ◽  
Shiro MAENO ◽  
Yoshitake TAKAHASHI ◽  
Kenta KUDAI ◽  
Keisuke YOSHIDA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Evacuation Time

scholarly journals An improved version of the Hughes model for pedestrian flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 671-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Carrillo ◽  
Stephan Martin ◽  
Marie-Therese Wolfram
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Macroscopic Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Overall Performance

Roger Hughes proposed a macroscopic model for pedestrian dynamics, in which individuals seek to minimize their travel time but try to avoid regions of high density. One of the basic assumptions is that the overall density of the crowd is known to every agent. In this paper we present a modification of the Hughes model to include local effects, namely limited vision, and a conviction towards decision making. The modified velocity field enables smooth turning and temporary waiting behavior. We discuss the modeling in the micro- and macroscopic setting as well as the efficient numerical simulation of either description. Finally we illustrate the model with various numerical experiments and evaluate the behavior with respect to the evacuation time and the overall performance.

Smoke Control Models in Building Fire: A Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 1134-1137
Author(s):  
Xu Tao Zhang ◽  
Song Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Field Model ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Smoke Control ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Building Fire ◽  
Fire Scenarios ◽  
Weak Points

The smoke control is of great importance for the life safety of the occupants in the building fire. Many analytical models have been studied for the design of smoke control. The objective of the article is to bring several numerical simulation models about building fire and smoke movement. There are generally three kinds of different models, which are net model, zone model and field model. The characteristics and weak points of each category are discussed, indicating that each model might be applicable to different building fire scenarios.

Numerical Simulation Study on High-Rise Student Apartment Fire Evacuation

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 3011-3016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong An Jiang ◽  
Xiang Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Fire Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Model

Aiming at the actual situation in case of high-rise student apartment fire, this paper sets an evacuation scene and evacuation parameters, applied BuildingExodus Evacuation Model software, and calculated the dynamic changes of evacuation time and evacuation amounts of people in each access of the building, which accords with the result of fire evacuation drill. It is concluded that it is reasonable and practicable using model software to simulate evacuation time for each floor, and the result can be a substantial reference for actual evacuation time in case of fire.

Numerical Simulation of the Nozzle Angles Effect on the Pressure at Thrustwall and Nozzle Outlet of PDE

2014 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Zhi Wu Wang ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Long Xi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Nozzle Outlet ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Pressure Peak ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Peak Value

In order to investigate the effects of nozzles with different angles on PDE performance, PDE with nozzles of different convergent and divergent angles were simulated and propane-air mixture was used. The simulation results indicated that the effects of nozzles with different angles on the pressure at the thrustwall of PDE and nozzle outlet were not the same. The pressure at the thrustwall and nozzle outlet of PDE with convergent nozzles was higher than that with divergent nozzles, and the pressure peak appeared earlier in the case of convergent nozzles. The peak value of the pressure at the nozzle outlet increased and appeared ahead of time as the convergent angle increased. The peak value of the pressure at the nozzle outlet increased and the evacuation time was prolonged with convergent nozzles. The pressure at the nozzle outlet dropped quickly and the evacuation time was shortened with divergent nozzles.

Study on the Equivalent Width Coefficient of Tunnel Entrance in Metro Station

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 2105-2109
Author(s):  
Jun Min Chen ◽  
Sun Tao Lin ◽  
Xiao Lin Yao ◽  
Hai Bin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Equivalent Width ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Calculation Time ◽  
Fire Scenarios ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Width Coefficient ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

The numerical simulation results of 12 typical fire scenarios prove that the boundary conditions of tunnel entrance exert a significant influence on the accuracy and reliability of the fire numerical simulation results in metro station. In the fire scenarios with four 400-metre-long tunnels at both ends of the platform, the fire numerical simulation result is the most accurate, but the total numerical calculation time is twice more than the other fire scenarios, due to the additional volume of the computational meshes of the 4 tunnels. In order to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the fire numerical simulation results on the condition that the computational mesh volume and numerical calculation time have not to be increased, 18 new fire scenarios with the different width of the tunnel entrance have been designed to simulate fire smoke movement in metro station, and the results are inserted into Lagrange's Interpolation Equation, then the equivalent width coefficient ε of tunnel entrance is found to be in the range of 0.34～0.55. In consideration of the mesh cell size and evacuation safety, ε is suggested to be 0.375.

Study on Fire Smoke Movement of Urban Traffic Link Tunnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 1037-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Lin Yao ◽  
Zhi Gang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Smoke Control ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Exhaust Port ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Fire Scenarios

Fire simulation software (FDS) was employed to simulate the fire smoke movement of urban traffic link tunnel (UTLT) under the semi-transverse ventilation. Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis were used to analyze the fire smoke movement in three fire scenarios. The analytical results show that: semi-transverse ventilation can effectively control the spread of fire smoke. When the exhaust air rate is certain, the exhaust port interval of 20 m and 50 m has little effect on function of smoke control. The research results provide references for the design of smoke control measures in UTLT.

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