The Logical Nature of Indirect Evidence in Criminal Procedure

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
O. K. TUGAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Logical Nature

scholarly journals Kekuatan Yuridis Persumpsion Dalam Proses Pembuktian Perkara

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-225
Author(s):  
M Aunurrofiq
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Knowledge ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Examination Process

Abstract: This article discusses judicial strength of judge’s presumption in the examination process according to Islamic law of criminal procedure and Indonesian code of criminal procedure. Since there are numerous motive of crime nowadays, judges must always follow procedure and have sufficient legal knowledge in the examination process to ensure just verdicts. In the process, judicial presumption play crucial role but it must be based on evidence according to Indonesian code of criminal procedure. Similarly, in Islamic criminal procedure, presumption is important to be basis of verdict as long as supported by other evidence. The difference is that presumption in Indonesian code of criminal procedure can only be considered as indirect evidence, whereas is Islamic criminal procedure, it can perform as direct evidence. Thus, the use of presumption in examination of criminal cases depends on the judges’ wisdom. Keywords: Presumption, Islamic law of criminal procedure, Indonesian code of criminal procedure. Abstrak Artikel ini membahas tentang kekuatan yuridis persumpsion hakim dalam proses pembuktian perkara menurut Hukum Acara Pidana Islam dan KUHAP. Kekuatan yuridis persumpsion, menurut KUHAP, baru bisa mempunyai kekuatan hukum untuk menjatuhkan putusan jika dikaitkan dengan alat bukti yang lain. Kekuatan yuridis persumpsion menurut Hukum Acara Pidana Islam, sudah mempunyai kekuatan hukum untuk menjatuhkan putusan meskipun tanpa didukung oleh alat bukti lain. Persumpsion dalam KUHAP dan Hukum Acara Pidana Islam keduanya mempunyai kesamaan, yakni sama-sama dapat digunakan sebagai alat bukti dan mempunyai kekuatan hukum dalam proses pembuktian, sedangkan yang membedakan adalah KUHAP berlaku pada pembuktian tidak langsung sedangkan dalam Hukum Acara Pidana Islam berlaku pada pembuktian langsung. Sedangkan kelebihan serta kekurangannya tergantung kepada hakim, apakah ia mampu menggunakan persumpsion dengan arif dan bijaksana atau tidak dalam menangani, mengadili dan menjatuhkan putusan. Kata Kunci: Persumpsion, pembuktian perkara, Hukum acara pidana Islam, KUHAP.

Efficacy of Crisis Intervention

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reisch ◽  
Petra Schlatter ◽  
Wolfgang Tschacher
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Step Therapy ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
The Impact

This study assesses the efficacy of the treatment approach implemented in the Bern Crisis Intervention Program, where particular emphasis is placed on the remediation of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior, and depression, fear, and phobia are generally considered to be contributing factors. Four questionnaires addressing psychopathology, emotional well-being, social anxiety, and personality were administered prior to and after the treatment of 51 patients over a period of 2 to 3 weeks. The reduction of symptoms contributing to suicidal ideation and behavior was interpreted as indirect evidence of an antisuicidal effect of the program. Significant improvements were found in the psychopathology ratings, with depression and anxiety showing the largest reductions. The impact on personality and social phobia, however, was only moderate, and on average patients still exhibited symptoms after attending the program. This residual symptomatology points to the necessity of introducing a two-step therapy approach of intensive intervention targeted at the precipitating causes of the crisis, augmented by long-term therapy to treat underlying problems.

Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Non-European Populations

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmina Pepe ◽  
Olga Rickards ◽  
Olga Camacho Vanegas ◽  
Tamara Brunelli ◽  
Anna Maria Gori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Factor V Leiden Mutation ◽  
The World ◽  
Fv Leiden ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Apparently Healthy

SummaryA difference in the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (TE) in major human groups has been described and an uneven distribution of FV Leiden mutation over the world has recently been reported.We investigated FV Leiden mutation in 584 apparently healthy sub#jects mostly from populations different from those previously investi#gated: 170 Europeans (Spanish, Italians), 101 sub-saharan Africans (Fon, Bariba, Berba, Dendi), 115 Asians (Indonesians, Chinese, Tharus), 57 Amerindians (Cayapa), 84 Afroamericans (Rio Cayapa, Viche), and 57 Ethiopians (Amhara, Oromo).The mutation was detected in only 1/115 Asian (Tharu) and in 5/170 Europeans (4 Italians, 1 Spanish).These data confirm that in non-Europeans the prevalence of FV mutation is at least 7 times lower than in Europeans and provide indirect evidence of a low prevalence not only of the FV Leiden gene but also of other genes leading to more severe thrombophilia. Finally, findings from the literature together with those pertaining to this study clearly show a marked heterogeneity among Europeans.

Blood Viscosity and Platelet Aggregation in Male and Female Patients with Transient Ischaemic Attacks (TIA)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Palareti ◽  
M. Poggi ◽  
G. Fortunato ◽  
S. Coccheri
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Transient Ischaemic Attacks ◽  
Group A ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group B ◽  
Almost All

A series of 40 patients with TIA (25 males and 15 females) was thoroughly investigated by means of angiography and computerized tomography, and divided into a group (A) of 15 “sine materia”, and a group (B) of 25 with direct or indirect evidence of vascular occlusive or stenotic changes. Blood viscosity at 230 sec-1 37° was cp 4.2 ± 0.3 in the controls, cp 4.7 ± 0.7 in all patients (p < 0.05) cp 4.98 ± 0.7 in all male patients (p < 0.01 versus male controls), and cp 4.75 ± 0.8 in group B (p < 0.02). Haematocrit and Fibrinogen were also significantly increased in all male patients and in group B. Circulating platelet aggregates (CPA) were increased in 40% of the patients. Almost all patients with elevated CPA were males, with a slight prevalence in group B. Changes in blood viscosity parameters and in platelet aggregation in TIA patients were therefore related both to evidence of vascular lesions, and to sex, since they were found to prevail in male patients of both groups.

Liability for Wrongful Deprivation of Liberty: Malice and Police Privilege

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-201
Author(s):  
Elspeth Reid
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Criminal Procedure

Infringement of liberty has long been regarded as a delict which requires to be compensated, but public officers may in some circumstances be protected against liability where freedom has been “lawfully abridged” in conformity with the rules of criminal procedure. However, the boundaries of this form of privilege have not always been delineated with clarity. This article will argue that they remain unclear following the Outer House decision in Whitehouse v Gormley. In particular it questions the basis for requiring the pursuer to prove malice where a claim is made against police officers for unlawful detention or arrest.

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