scholarly journals Correlation between quantitative traits that affect grain yield of maize hybrids

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Ear ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of pairs for hybridization requires knowledge about the correlation of the most important quantitative traits that affect grain yield of maize hybrids. The current study was carried out in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the south of the Rostov region with unstable moisture. The years of study (2018–2020) were arid (HThC 0.32–0.89). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between quantitative traits and their influence on grain yield of maize hybrids under arid conditions. The objects of research were 96 interline maize hybrids. The analysis has identified the correlation between grain yield and such quantitative traits as ‘one maize ear weight’ (r = 0.64...0.87), ‘number of grains per one maize ear row’ (r = 0.37...0.75), ‘number of grains per maize ear’ (r = 0.32...0.51), ‘number of maize ears per plant’ (r = 0.41...0.53), ‘grain yield’ (r = 0.45...0.64). The traits ‘1000-grain weight’ and ‘number of grain rows’ had either no or slight effect on the formation of grain yield of maize hybrids (r = -0.12...0.28). There have been established the traits, the high values of which were well-combining in one genotype. The values of the trait ‘one maize ear weight’ raised due to an increase of the trait ‘number of grains per one maize ear row’ (r = 0.27...0.74), ‘number of grains per maize ear’ (r = 0.26...0.55), ‘grain yield’ (r = 0.21...0.52). The trait ‘number of grains per maize ear’ raised with an increase in the values of such constituent components as ‘number of grains per one maize ear row’ (r = 0.70...0.76), ‘number of grain rows per maize ear’ (r = 0.59...0.66), and also with an increase of ‘number of maize ears per plant’ (r = 0.32...0.51) and ‘grain yield’ (r = 0.36...0.38). There have been identified difficulty-combining quantitative traits, when the value of the trait ‘1000-grain weight’ decreased with the increase of the ‘number of grain rows per maize ear’ (r = – 0.18...-0.56), ‘number of grains per a maize ear row’ (r = -0.15...-0.31) and ‘grain yield’ (r = -0.01...-0.36).

Evaluation of yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes under semi-arid conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi Ojaq ◽  
Hamid Mozafari ◽  
Hamid Jabbari ◽  
Behzad Sani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Flowering Initiation ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractTo identify appropriate genotypes for breeding varieties suitable for semi-arid areas, yield components, as well as morphophonological traits of 127 safflower genotypes, were assessed at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Iran. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct groups. The largest group (third cluster) includes 48 genotypes with characteristics such as mostly yellow-coloured flowers, mostly thorny with few thistle genotypes, relatively early-flowering, relatively high number of heads and grains per plant, highest 1000-grain weight with the highest grain yields. In contrast, the smallest group (second cluster) contains 13 genotypes with characteristics such as yellow florets, semi-dwarf, thorny, moderately late-flowering, low number of heads per plant and number of grains per head, low 1000-grain weight, and low grain yield. Principal component analysis results showed that the three components accounted for 29.5, 15.9 and 11.1% of the total variation, respectively. Graphic representation of the biplots based on the first and second principal components showed that the experimental genotypes were classified into four groups. The results also indicated that stem diameter, the number of branches, heads per plant and grains per head had the highest correlation with the first component, and grain yield, flower colour, flowering initiation and plant height had the highest correlation with the second component. These traits can be considered as an appropriate index for the selection of elite safflower genotypes for breeding varieties suited to cultivation in semi-arid conditions.

EFFECT OF DATES AND RATES OF SOWING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF NARBON VETCH UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Northern Jordan

Field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Houfa in northern Jordan, to study the effect of the date and rate of sowing on the yield and yield components of narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.). Progressive delays in sowing beyond 1 st January led to yield reductions of 11.1 and 17.9 at successive 15-day intervals. Plant height, pods stem –1, stems m –2 and 1000-grain weight followed the same trend as the yield. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the sowing rate.

scholarly journals Correlation and path analysis of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Khan ◽  
MA Alam ◽  
MK Alam ◽  
MJ Alam ◽  
ZI Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study was conducted to examine relationship between important traits of durum wheat and their direct and indirect effects on grain yield. Research work was conducted during the winter season of 2009-10 under irrigated optimum seeding condition at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna with 10 advanced genotypes. A wheat variety was used as check. Positive and significant correlation was found for plant height, spikes/m2, and 1000-grain weight with grain yield. Head days and maturity days showed considerable negative correlation with grain yield. Maturity days, spikes/m2, and 1000-grain weight had significant positive direct effects on grain yield. Grains/spike had direct positive effect but in low magnitude. The indirect effect of head days and plant height on grain yield was found mainly through maturity days and 1000-grain weight. It can be concluded that more emphasis should be given on head days and plant height along with 1000-grain weight, spikes/m2, and grains/spike during selection for dururn wheat improvement. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16978 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 515-521, September 2013

scholarly journals Selection of Wheat Ideotype Based on Multiple Traits using Genotype by Yield-Trait Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 1367-1374
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faheem
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Yield Trait ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Selection Of

In plant breeding, a novel genotype-by-yield trait (GYT) biplot approach was introduced to select superior genotypes based on multiple traits. The present study demonstrated the application of the GYT biplot model to evaluate the superior wheat advanced lines from a panel of 24 genotypes to select the ideotype for end users. Results show that the genotype-by-trait (GT) biplot covered 57% of the total variation of the data to reveal that grain yield was strongly associated with 1000-grain weight and grain width. In contrast, the GYT biplot explained 90.2% of the total variation which was significantly much higher than GT biplot. According to tester vector view of GYT biplot almost all the yield trait combinations were associated with each other at different degree of association; whereas the genotypes present within the acute angles of tester vectors (yield trait combinations) had the trait profile contributed positively towards grain yield. The polygon biplot of GYT had eight sectors, out of which only three had the yield trait combinations. The eight genotypes were the polygon vertex among which the advanced line DF1906 of first sector was designated as the best genotype for spike length, number of spikelets per spike, grain weight per spike and number of grains per spike. Additionally, the DF1912 of second sector was early maturing coupled with high 1000-grain weight while DF1917 of third sector had short stature and gave the highest harvest index. The average tester coordination (ATC) biplot grouped 13 genotypes as superior and nine as inferior genotypes and recommended two advanced lines DF1912 and DF1917 as ideotype based on balanced traits profile. These findings strengthened the argument that the GYT biplot analysis is better than other selection indices and guaranteed the selection of superior genotypes and rejection of inferior ones based on multiple traits yield combinations. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Genotypic And Phenotypic Correlation And Path Analysis In Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Khan ◽  
MA Alam ◽  
MK Alam ◽  
MJ Alam ◽  
ZI Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi during the 2009-10 cropping season with the objective of estimating the associations between yield and yield-related traits and to identify direct and indirect effects of characters on grain yield in durum wheat. The result showed significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Significant positive correlation was found for plant height, number of spikes/m2 and 1000-grain weight with grain yield. Heading days and maturity days showed negative correlation with grain yield. Maturity days, number of spikes/m2 and 1000-grain weight had significant positive direct effects on grain yield. Number of grains/spike had also direct positive effect, but in low magnitude. The indirect effect of heading days and plant height on grain yield was found mainly through maturity days and 1000-grain weight. It can be concluded that emphasis should be given on heading days and plant height along with 1000-grain weight, number of spikes/m2 and number of grains/spike for selection of durum wheat genotypes. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 219-225, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15885

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Correlation Coefficients of Major Traits in Early Maturing Rice under Rainfed Lowland Environments of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dev Nidhi Tiwari ◽  
Santosh Raj Tripathi ◽  
Mahendra Prasad Tripathi ◽  
Narayan Khatri ◽  
Bishwas Raj Bastola
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

ABSTRACTGenetic variability is the fundamental requirement of any crop breeding program to develop superior cultivars. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability and find out the correlation among the different quantitative traits of rainfed early lowland rice. The experiment was conducted consecutively two years during 2015 and 2016 in wet season across the four different locations in Regional Agricultural Research Station, Khajura, National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, National Maize Research Program, Rampur and National Rice Research Program, Hardinath along the Terai region of Nepal representing sub-tropical agro-climate. Seven genotypes including Hardinath-1 as standard check variety were evaluated in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Various quantitative traits were measured to investigate the variability and correlation coefficients. All the genotypes and locations showed significant variations for all the traits considered. Genotypic coefficient of variation was lower than phenotypic coefficient of variation for all traits studied. The magnitudes of genotypic coefficient of variations were relatively higher for grain yield, 1000-grain weight and days to heading. The highest broad sense heritability of 94% was recorded in days to maturity and the lowest heritability of 16% was observed in plant height. Positive and highly significant correlations were found both in genotypic and phenotypic levels between days to heading and days to maturity (rg=0.9999**, rp=0.997**), days to heading and grain yield (rg =0.9999**, rp= 0.9276**), days to maturity and grain yield (rg =0.9796**, rp=0.9174**). However, negative and highly significant genetic correlation was observed between plant height and 1000 grain weight (rg = -0.9999**). Thus results indicated that days to heading, days to maturity, grain yield, 1000 grain weight demonstrated higher heritability and remarkable genetic advance could be considered for the most appropriate traits for improvement and selection of trait to achieve stable and high yielding early rice genotypes under rainfed environments.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Correlation Coefficients of Major Traits in Early Maturing Rice under Rainfed Lowland Environments of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dev Nidhi Tiwari ◽  
Santosh Raj Tripathi ◽  
Mahendra Prasad Tripathi ◽  
Narayan Khatri ◽  
Bishwas Raj Bastola
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic variability is the fundamental requirement of any crop breeding program to develop superior cultivars. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability and find out the correlation among the different quantitative traits of rainfed early lowland rice. The experiment was conducted consecutively two years during 2015 and 2016 in wet season across the four different locations in Regional Agricultural Research Station, Khajura, National Wheat Research Program, Bhairahawa, National Maize Research Program, Rampur, and National Rice Research Program, Hardinath, along the Terai region of Nepal representing subtropical agroclimate. Seven genotypes including Hardinath-1 as standard check variety were evaluated in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Various quantitative traits were measured to investigate the variability and correlation coefficients. All the genotypes and locations showed significant variations for all the traits considered. Genotypic coefficient of variation was lower than phenotypic coefficient of variation for all traits studied. The magnitudes of genotypic coefficient of variations were relatively higher for grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and days to heading. The highest broad sense heritability of 94% was recorded in days to maturity and the lowest heritability of 16% was observed in plant height. Positive and highly significant correlations were found both in genotypic and phenotypic levels between days to heading and days to maturity (rg=0.9999 ⁎⁎, rp=0.997 ⁎⁎), days to heading and grain yield (rg =0.9999 ⁎⁎, rp= 0.9276 ⁎⁎), and days to maturity and grain yield (rg =0.9796 ⁎⁎, rp=0.9174 ⁎⁎). However, negative and highly significant genetic correlation was observed between plant height and 1000-grain weight (rg = -0.9999 ⁎⁎). Thus results indicated that days to heading, days to maturity, grain yield, 1000-grain weight demonstrating higher heritability and remarkable genetic advance could be considered the most appropriate traits for improvement and selection of trait to achieve stable and high yielding early rice genotypes under rainfed environments.

scholarly journals Variability Assessment of Aromatic and Fine Rice Germplasm in Bangladesh Based on Quantitative Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. K. Bashar ◽  
N. A. Ivy ◽  
M. M. Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Selection Of

The study was conducted to investigate genetic variability among 113 aromatic and fine local rice genotypes of which five were exotic in origin. The test genotypes were evaluated for 19 growth traits, yield components, and yield. All the quantitative traits varied significantly among the test genotypes. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed for flag leaf area, secondary branches per panicle, filled grains per panicle, grain length, grain breadth, grain length breadth ratio, and 1000 grain weight. Such findings suggested preponderance of additive gene action in gene expression for these characters. Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, and 1000 grain weight. According toD2cluster analysis, 113 test genotypes formed 10 clusters. Selection of parents from the clusters V and X followed by hybridization would possibly result in desirable heterosis for the development of heterotic rice hybrids. Finally, molecular characterizations of the studied germplasm are required for high resolution QTL mapping and validating the presence of candidate genes responsible for valuable characters.

Study onGenetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.

scholarly journals Residual Effect of Poultry Manure and Mineral N Application on Maize Production under Wheat-Maize Cropping System

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Syed Azam Shah ◽  
Wisal Mohammad ◽  
Haroon Haroon ◽  
Adnan Anwar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The study was designed to asses the residual effect of organic N (Poultry Manure) and mineral N on maize crop in field experiments carried out on silty clay loam soil at NIFA, Tarnab, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan during 2014-15. Combined dose of N from both sources were 120 kg ha-1 applied to wheat crop alone and in different combination making six treatments. Maize variety (Azam) was sown in Randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Agronomic data, grains ear-1, 1000 grain weight, biomass grain yield data, N-uptake in maize grain and straw were recorded. Results showed that maximum grain ear−1, 1000 grain weight, biomass and grain yield was obtained from treatment where 25% N applied from poultry manure + 75% from mineral N source applied to previous wheat crop. Agronomic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were also found maximum in treatment where 75% poultry manure + 25% mineral N was applied. It was concluded from the study that residual effect of organic manure with mineral N in different ratios enhances crop productivity and soil fertility.

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