scholarly journals Variability Assessment of Aromatic and Fine Rice Germplasm in Bangladesh Based on Quantitative Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. K. Bashar ◽  
N. A. Ivy ◽  
M. M. Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Selection Of

The study was conducted to investigate genetic variability among 113 aromatic and fine local rice genotypes of which five were exotic in origin. The test genotypes were evaluated for 19 growth traits, yield components, and yield. All the quantitative traits varied significantly among the test genotypes. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed for flag leaf area, secondary branches per panicle, filled grains per panicle, grain length, grain breadth, grain length breadth ratio, and 1000 grain weight. Such findings suggested preponderance of additive gene action in gene expression for these characters. Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, and 1000 grain weight. According toD2cluster analysis, 113 test genotypes formed 10 clusters. Selection of parents from the clusters V and X followed by hybridization would possibly result in desirable heterosis for the development of heterotic rice hybrids. Finally, molecular characterizations of the studied germplasm are required for high resolution QTL mapping and validating the presence of candidate genes responsible for valuable characters.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence analysis in basmati rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) for agro-morphological and quality traits using multivariate approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Dhirendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 30 basmati rice genotypes was analysed based on nine agro-morphological and six quality traits. The results of the principal component analysis showed that the first six principal components explained 89.16% of the total variation in the experimental material. These 30 basmati genotypes were grouped into six clusters which indicated the presence of sufficient diversity among the tested genotypes. Cluster I and cluster III was found to be the largest comprising of 10 genotypes each followed by cluster II having seven genotypes. The highest average intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster III. Highest inter-cluster distance (D2) was observed between clusters III and VI followed by clusters III and V, III and IV & clusters II and III. Cluster II showed high mean value for grain yield per plant, 1000 grain weight, and grain length. The characters viz., amylose content, grain length after cooking, spikelet per panicle, grain width, grain length and 1000 grain weight contributed maximum towards total genetic divergence, suggest their suitability of selection.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS IN AROMATIC RICE (Oryza sativa L)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
M. G. Rasul ◽  
M. A. K. Mian ◽  
M. M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Gel Consistency ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Forty five aromatic rice genotypes were evaluated to assess the genetic variability and diversity on the basis of nine characters. Significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the characters (grain breadth (mm), grain length (mm), grain L/B ratio, gelatinization temperature (score), gel consistency (mm), amylose content (%), protein content (%), 1000 grain weight (g) and grain yield per plant (g)) studied. High GCV, PCV, heritability and GA as observed in amylose content, grain length average and L/B ratio suggested that these three characters could be transmitted to the progeny. Multivariate analysis revealed that 45 genotypes were grouped into six clusters. There were marked variations in intra-cluster distances, which ranged from 0.482 to 7.851. The highest intra cluster mean for five traits (amylose content, width average, L/B ratio, length average, 1000 grain weight) was obtained from cluster I constituted 10 genotypes. Thousand grain weight and amylose content have been found to contribute maximum towards genetic diversity in 45 genotypes of aromatic rice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i2.17002

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF EXOTIC RICE GENOTYPES (Oryza sativa L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
A. A. Mamun ◽  
N. A. Ivy ◽  
M. G. Rasul ◽  
M. A. K. Mian ◽  
M. M. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection For

Fifty exotic rice genotypes along with two check varieties were studied to measure the variability among the genotypes for yield and yield contributing characters, estimate genetic parameters, association among the characters and their contribution to yield. High genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to first flowering and spikelet sterility whereas low genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for grain length and filled grains per panicle. High heritability with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for days to 50% flowering and pollen sterility indicated that this trait was under additive gene control and selection for genetic improvement for this trait would be effective. On the other hand, high heritability with low genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in days to harvesting and grain length which indicated that non-additive gene effects were involved for the expression of this character and selection for such trait might not be rewarding. Correlation studies revealed that highest significant positive association of grain yield was with days to first flowering, days to harvesting, filled grains per panicle followed by grain length at genotypic and phenotypic level. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that maximum direct contribution towards grain yield with days to harvesting followed by filled grains per panicle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i1.17009

scholarly journals Correlation between quantitative traits that affect grain yield of maize hybrids

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
A. S. Ignatiev
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Ear ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of pairs for hybridization requires knowledge about the correlation of the most important quantitative traits that affect grain yield of maize hybrids. The current study was carried out in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the south of the Rostov region with unstable moisture. The years of study (2018–2020) were arid (HThC 0.32–0.89). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between quantitative traits and their influence on grain yield of maize hybrids under arid conditions. The objects of research were 96 interline maize hybrids. The analysis has identified the correlation between grain yield and such quantitative traits as ‘one maize ear weight’ (r = 0.64...0.87), ‘number of grains per one maize ear row’ (r = 0.37...0.75), ‘number of grains per maize ear’ (r = 0.32...0.51), ‘number of maize ears per plant’ (r = 0.41...0.53), ‘grain yield’ (r = 0.45...0.64). The traits ‘1000-grain weight’ and ‘number of grain rows’ had either no or slight effect on the formation of grain yield of maize hybrids (r = -0.12...0.28). There have been established the traits, the high values of which were well-combining in one genotype. The values of the trait ‘one maize ear weight’ raised due to an increase of the trait ‘number of grains per one maize ear row’ (r = 0.27...0.74), ‘number of grains per maize ear’ (r = 0.26...0.55), ‘grain yield’ (r = 0.21...0.52). The trait ‘number of grains per maize ear’ raised with an increase in the values of such constituent components as ‘number of grains per one maize ear row’ (r = 0.70...0.76), ‘number of grain rows per maize ear’ (r = 0.59...0.66), and also with an increase of ‘number of maize ears per plant’ (r = 0.32...0.51) and ‘grain yield’ (r = 0.36...0.38). There have been identified difficulty-combining quantitative traits, when the value of the trait ‘1000-grain weight’ decreased with the increase of the ‘number of grain rows per maize ear’ (r = – 0.18...-0.56), ‘number of grains per a maize ear row’ (r = -0.15...-0.31) and ‘grain yield’ (r = -0.01...-0.36).

scholarly journals Studies on genetic variability for some metric traits in slender grain rice genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Biswaranjan Behera ◽  
Simanchal Sahu ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Kar ◽  
Ritu Kumari Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
100 Seed Weight

An experiment was conducted to study genetic variability in forty-nine elite slender grain rice genotypes for thirteen component characters including grain yield.The experimental materials possessed a considerable amount of variability for all the traits. Majority of the traits showed the smaller difference between phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Both PCV and GCV were high for grain yield (gm) (PCV:27.14%, GCV:26.27%), and fertile grains per panicles(PCV:20.61%, GCV:20.52%), indicating less effect of environment on these characters. PCV and GCV were moderate for characters like harvest index (PCV:16.99%, GCV: 14.18%), 100 seed weight (gm) (PCV:14.57%, GCV:13.82%), fertility percentage (PCV:15.72%, GCV:15.05%), flag leaf area (cm2 ) (PCV:17.83%, GCV: 17.74%) and days to 50 % flowering (PCV:11.20%, GCV:11.17%) indicating that there is considerable amount of environmental effect on such characters. Moderate to a high degree of heritability estimates were observed for the majority of the traits under study except for a number of effective tillers/plant indicating the low or negligible influence of environment in the expression of these traits and may respond to selection for their improvement. High heritability (H2 )estimates were associated with moderate to high genetic gain over mean (GAM) for days to 50% flowering (H2 : 99.35%,GAM: 19.52%), plant height (H2 :93.89%,GAM:14.01%), panicle length (H2 :94.06%,GAM:14.04%), flag leaf area(H2 : 98.93%,GAM: 31.05%), fertile grains/panicle (H2 :99.20%,GAM: 35.98%), fertility percentage (H2 :91.57%,GAM:25.34%),100 seed weight (H2 :89.90%,GAM:23.06%)and grain yield per plant (H2 :93.71%,GAM:44.76%) indicating the presence of additive gene effect and hence selection based on phenotypic performance for these traits would be effective.

Study onGenetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.

Effects of herbicide use, fungicide use and position in the field on the yield and yield components of spring barley

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Boatman
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix experiments were carried out over 2 years (1985 and 1986) in commercial spring barley crops on calcareous soils in Hampshire. Herbicides increased grain yield by 0·05–1·21 t/ha, and fungicides by 0·01–0·68 t/ha. Herbicide use affected each of the yield components ears/plant, grains/ear, 1000-grain weight and harvest index in one or more cases but the effects were not consistent between experiments or consistently related to yield increases. Fungicide use had little effect on yield components other than 1000-grain weight, which was significantly increased in all experiments. There were no significant herbicide × fungicide interactions. Large differences in yield were recorded between field edge (headland) and midfield plots, with headland plots outyielding the midfield in two of the three experiments where this effect was considered.The effects of fungicide use were accounted for by associated increases in the green lamina area of the flag leaf and second leaf at the late milk stage of grain development. This is consistent with previous work. Differences in yield response to herbicide between sites were linearly related both to weed numbers early in the season and to weed biomass at harvest. Weeds did not always directly replace crop biomass; in some experiments the combined dry matter production was greater when herbicide was not used. However, the results indicate that, where a diverse weed flora composed of species of moderate to low competitive ability is present, simple weed counts may provide a useful indication of potential yield loss.It is concluded that headland areas can often be as productive as the rest of the field, but a greater understanding of the factors involved is needed if this potential is to be realized.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF REGULATION OF SOURCE-SINK RELATIONSHIP ON GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT OF DIFFERENT BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaddoa & Kadom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Abu Ghraib ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A field trial was conducted at Abu-Ghraib Research Station-Agricultural Research Directorate-Ministry of Agriculture during the growing seasons of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014. The objective was to investigate the effect of source-sink Regulation on grain yield  and its companents of five bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Randomized complete block design with the arrangement of split-plots with three replicates was used. Bread wheat cultivars (Bohooth-22, IPA 99, Abu-Ghraib-3,Al-Fath and Al-Rasheed) occupied the main plots while treatments of source-sink relationship regulation occupied the sub-plots. They included eight treatments: Con. control (Con.), S1 (removal of lamina of the flag leaf of main stem), S2 (removal of laminas of the leaf  beneath the flag leaf), S3 (removal of both lamina of the leaf  and the leaf under flag leaf), S4 (removal of upper third spikelets),S5 (removal of median third spikelets), S6 (removal of lower third spikelets) and S7 (removal all spikelets from one side of spike) . Characteristics of plant height, flag leaf area, spike length, no of spikelet per spike, spike weight, and grain yield and its components were measured and estimated. Results of the present study indicated the followings:  Cultivar (Bohooth-22) gave the highest 1000 grain weight (35.70 and 35.31 g) the highest grain yield (5.467 and 5.148 t.ha-1) in both seasons, respectively compared with Abu-Ghraib3 and Al-Rasheed cultivars which gave lowest grain yield (4.918,4.364, 4.239 and 4.352 t.ha-1) in both seasons, respectively and then less 1000 grain weight (30.15, 32.66, 32.61 and 32.77 g), in both seasons, respectively. Treatment (Con.) i.e no modification of source-sink relationship gave the highest grain yield (5.93 and 5.66 t.ha-1) in both seasons, respectively. Treatments of regulation source (S1 and S3)gave grain yield (4.909, 4.698, 4.621and 4.356 t.ha-1), respectively while (S5) treatment gave the lowest grain yield (4.203 t.ha-1) in the first season and (4.061 t.ha-1) in the second season. This indicates that sink regulation treatment was the most influencial in reducing grain yield than the source regulation treatment, especially, treatment (S5) in both seasons where the  median third of spikelets had been removed due to the reduction of spike growth rate (3.18 and 2.49 g.day-1) in both seasons compared with the (Con) treatment which gave the highest values of spike growth rate (3.91 and 3.12 g.day-1) in both seasons, respectively which resulted in the reduction of dry matter translocation in the (S5) treatment (1.87 and 1.74 g.day -1) and consequently in the reduction of 1000 grain weight (30.09 and 31.199) compared with (34.99 and 37.12 g) in the (Con.) treatment in both seasons, respectively.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN NUTRIENTS CONTENT IN COASTAL RICE COLLECTIONS OF BANGLADESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 182-201
Author(s):  
F Shahrin ◽  
P Roy ◽  
M S Raihan ◽  
M M Haque ◽  
M G Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Overcoming malnutrition through biofortification breeding in rice is aimed to assist nutritional food security in Bangladesh. So to select parents for nutritional improvement, estimation and exploitation of mineral nutrients reserves of rice grain and their variability assessment in different genotypes is essential. Eighty-five (85) T. aman rice genotypes collected from different coastal regions of Bangladesh were evaluated at the Advanced Plant Breeding laboratory, GPB of BSMRAU to estimate the grain nutrients content and to elucidate their genetic variability among the genotypes. Considerable significant variation (0.1% level of probability) was noted among the genotypes for studied different grain nutrient contents and yield per hill. The mean values of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and grain yield/ hill were 10788.24 mg/kg, 804.85 mg/kg, 3798.58 mg/kg, 13795.29 mg/kg, 2778.87 mg/kg, 3771.17 mg/kg, 7.25 mg/kg, 5.01 mg/kg, 1.05 mg/kg, 1.90 mg/kg and 433.29 g, respectively. Box and whisker plots analysis were done to represent data graphically for better understanding. Histogram was used to present the frequency distribution of genotypes for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg and Grain yield/hill content in 85 diverged rice genotypes All the traits had equality in genotypic and phenotypic variances with high heritability and high genetic advance which indicated preponderance of additive gene effects for these traits. The genotype R080 (Chinigura) contained the highest content of grain P, Fe and Cu. The R030 (Mota Dhan), R040 (Dudh Kalam) and R019 (Chikon Dhan) were noted for the highest Ca, Mg and Na content, respectively. The maximum N and Zn content were observed in R029 (Dudh Kolom) and R075 (Gopal Bogh), respectively. R083 (Lal Dhan) was marked for the highest grain yield/ hill and K content. Genetic variability parameters, heat map analysis and neighbor joining clustering methods indicated these genotypes including R079 can be considered for biofortification program and used as parents for the improvement of those grain nutrients in rice breeding.

scholarly journals Effect Of Removal Of Some Photosynthetic Organs On Yield Components In Durum Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Alpay Balkan ◽  
Temel Gençtan ◽  
Oguz Bilgin
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Agricultural Faculty ◽  
Grain Filling Stage ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

This research was carried out in experimental field of Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty of Namik Kemal University in randomized split block design with three replications per treatment during 2004-2005 and 2005-2006. The objective of this study was to find out the contribution rates of awn, flag leaf, 1st upper leaf blade, 2nd upper leaf blade and other leaf blades to main yield components in three durum wheat cultivars (cv. Kiziltan-91, Kunduru-1149, and Yelken-2000). The results of this experiment showed that removal of awn, flag leaf, 1st upper leaf blade, 2nd upper leaf blade, and other leaf blades reduced significantly spike weight, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, and 1000-grain weight except the number of spikelets per spike. It was concluded that the organs play an important role in grain yield in durum wheat during grain filling stage.   Keywords: Photosynthetic organs; yield components; durum wheat.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9224 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 1-12

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