Superstar Search: Studying the Current and Potential Populations of Canadian Exporters and Foreign Direct Investors Abroad

2021 ◽  
pp. e2020113
Author(s):  
Stephen Tapp ◽  
Beiling Yan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
High Potential ◽  
International Activity ◽  
Administrative Dataset ◽  
Current Population ◽  
Firm Basis ◽  
Do So

In this article, we analyze the potential to increase Canada’s exports and foreign direct investment abroad. To do so, we construct a unique administrative dataset containing detailed information for millions of companies that operated in Canada between 2010 and 2015. This allows us first to study the current population of Canada’s exporters and foreign direct investors abroad. Then, using probit modelling and propensity score matching, we infer the potential populations of these firms and examine their observable characteristics. Our estimates suggest there is considerable untapped potential to grow Canada’s outward international activity, with thousands of firms identified as high-potential exporters or foreign direct investors abroad. On a per-firm basis, the initial international activity of potential entrants is likely be considerably lower because they tend to operate at a smaller scale than companies that are already internationally active—for exporters, less than half the scale, and for outward investors, less than one-tenth the scale.

scholarly journals A Case Study About Why It Can Be Difficult To Test Whether Propensity Score Analysis Works in Field Experiments

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Shadish ◽  
Peter M. Steiner ◽  
Thomas D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Do So

Peikes, Moreno and Orzol (2008) sensibly caution researchers that propensity score analysis may not lead to valid causal inference in field applications. But at the same time, they made the far stronger claim to have performed an ideal test of whether propensity score matching in quasi-experimental data is capable of approximating the results of a randomized experiment in their dataset, and that this ideal test showed that such matching could not do so. In this article we show that their study does not support that conclusion because it failed to meet a number of basic criteria for an ideal test. By implication, many other purported tests of the effectiveness of propensity score analysis probably also fail to meet these criteria, and are therefore questionable contributions to the literature on the effects of propensity score analysis. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v3i2_shadish

scholarly journals Political Stability and FDI in OIC Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari Samimi ◽  
Reza Moghaddasi . ◽  
Khosro Azizi .
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the impact of Political stability on foreign direct investment (FDI) revenues in Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) countries. To do so, we have concentrated on a sample of 16 countries for which the necessary data were available for the period 2002-2009. We have used a panel data regression analysis. Our empirical results indicate that Population, openness and gross domestic product (GDP) have positive impact on FDI, whereas Political Stability has a detrimental effect on FDI in OIC countries.

scholarly journals A Case Study About Why It Can Be Difficult To Test Whether Propensity Score Analysis Works in Field Experiments

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Shadish ◽  
Peter M. Steiner ◽  
Thomas D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Randomized Experiment ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Do So

Peikes, Moreno and Orzol (2008) sensibly caution researchers that propensity score analysis may not lead to valid causal inference in field applications. But at the same time, they made the far stronger claim to have performed an ideal test of whether propensity score matching in quasi-experimental data is capable of approximating the results of a randomized experiment in their dataset, and that this ideal test showed that such matching could not do so. In this article we show that their study does not support that conclusion because it failed to meet a number of basic criteria for an ideal test. By implication, many other purported tests of the effectiveness of propensity score analysis probably also fail to meet these criteria, and are therefore questionable contributions to the literature on the effects of propensity score analysis. DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v3i2_shadish

scholarly journals Corruption and FDI in OIC Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the impact of corruption on foreign direct investment revenues in OIC countries. To do so, we have concentrated on a sample of 16 countries for which the necessary data were available for the period 2002-2008. We have used panel regression analysis. Our empirical results support that openness and Gross domestic product (GDP) have positive impact and inflation and corruption have negative impact on FDI in OIC countries.

Democracy, Autocracy, and Expropriation of Foreign Direct Investment

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1098-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Li
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Property Rights Protection ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Leadership Turnover ◽  
Political Incentive ◽  
Do So

Stylized evidence indicates that democracies and autocracies both expropriate foreign direct investment but that democracies do so less frequently. What explains the similarities and differences in expropriation between regime types? An analysis of actual expropriation acts in 63 developing countries from 1960 to 1990 shows that democracies are most likely to expropriate foreign investment when leaders face little political constraint and when they reside in countries with frequent leadership turnover. Autocrats are least likely to expropriate foreign assets when they face high political constraints and have stayed in power for a long time. In essence, the chief executive's political incentive and policy-making capacity determine the host government's expropriation decisions. The findings have important implications for the rule of law, property rights protection, investment behaviors, and the prospect of privatization reforms.

Besondere Förderung von Kern- kompetenzen an Spezialgymnasien?

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Baumert ◽  
Michael Becker ◽  
Marko Neumann ◽  
Roumiana Nikolova
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching

Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob Schülerinnen und Schüler, die nach der vierten Klasse in Berlin in ein grundständiges Gymnasium wechseln, in Abhängigkeit vom Profil des besuchten Gymnasiums im Vergleich zu Grundschülern mit vergleichbaren Lernvoraussetzungen unterschiedliche Lernzuwächse im Leseverständnis, in Mathematik und Englisch erreichen. Auf der Datengrundlage der ELEMENT-Studie wurde die Leistungsentwicklung von Schülerinnen und Schülern an grundständigen Gymnasien (N = 1758) und Grundschulen (N = 3169) während der 5. und 6. Jahrgangsstufe mithilfe von Propensity Score Matching-Analysen (PSM) modelliert. Nach Kontrolle von leistungsrelevanten Unterschieden zwischen den Schülergruppen am Ende der 4. Jahrgangsstufe zeigten sich für das Leseverständnis am Ende der 6. Klasse keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede. Für die Mathematikleistung ließen sich Unterschiede lediglich zugunsten eines grundständigen Gymnasiums, das zum Untersuchungszeitpunkt noch kein spezifisches Profil entwickelt hatte, nachweisen. In der Domäne Englisch, in der die curricularen Unterschiede zwischen den Schulzweigen stärker akzentuiert sind, wurden positive Ergebnisse im Vergleich zu den Grundschulen für die so genannten Schnellläuferzüge, die englisch-bilingualen Klassen und das grundständige Gymnasium ohne spezifisches Profil ermittelt. Die Lernstände am Ende der 6. Klasse in den altsprachlichen Gymnasien fielen dagegen im Vergleich zu den Grundschulen geringer aus. Die Befunde widersprechen der Annahme, dass mit dem frühen Übergang auf ein grundständiges Gymnasium automatisch eine besondere Förderung der Lesefähigkeit und des mathematischen Verständnisses besonders leistungsfähiger Schülerinnen und Schüler erreicht werde. Die Ergebnisse zu den Englischleistungen weisen hingegen darauf hin, dass Unterschiede in der Leistungsentwicklung auftreten können, sofern die Aufteilung auf Schulen mit unterschiedlichen Bildungsprogrammen mit curricularen Unterschieden im Unterricht einhergeht. Methodische und inhaltliche Implikationen der Befunde und Grenzen ihrer Generalisierbarkeit werden diskutiert.

Validating Four Standard Scales in Spiritually Practicing and Nonpracticing Samples Using Propensity Score Matching

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko Kohls ◽  
Harald Walach
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Lower Test

Validation studies of standard scales in the particular sample that one is studying are essential for accurate conclusions. We investigated the differences in answering patterns of the Brief-Symptom-Inventory (BSI), Transpersonal Trust Scale (TPV), Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC), and a Social Support Scale (F-SoZu) for a matched sample of spiritually practicing (SP) and nonpracticing (NSP) individuals at two measurement points (t1, t2). Applying a sample matching procedure based on propensity scores, we selected two sociodemographically balanced subsamples of N = 120 out of a total sample of N = 431. Employing repeated measures ANOVAs, we found an intersample difference in means only for TPV and an intrasample difference for F-SoZu. Additionally, a group × time interaction effect was found for TPV. While Cronbach’s α was acceptable and comparable for both samples, a significantly lower test-rest-reliability for the BSI was found in the SP sample (rSP = .62; rNSP = .78). Thus, when researching the effects of spiritual practice, one should not only look at differences in means but also consider time stability. We recommend propensity score matching as an alternative for randomization in variables that defy experimental manipulation such as spirituality.

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