Telling a Spatial History of the Columbian Exposition of 1893

Ethnohistorians and other scholars have long noted how European colonial texts often concealed the presence and participation of indigenous peoples in New World conquests. This scholarship has examined how European sources (both texts and maps) have denied indigenous history, omitted indigenous presence, elided indigenous agency, and ignored indigenous spaces all while exaggerating their own power and importance. These works provide examples of colonial authors performing these erasures, often as a means to dispossess. What they lack, however, is a systematic means of identifying, locating, and measuring these silences in space and time. This article proposes a spatial history methodology which can make visible, as well as measurable and quantifiable the ways in which indigenous people and spaces have been erased by colonial narratives. It presents two methods for doing this. First, narrative analysis and geovisualization are used to deconstruct the imperial histories found in colonial European sources. Second it combines text with maps to tell a new (spatial) narrative of conquest. This new narrative reconstructs indigenous activity through a variety of digital maps, including ‘mood maps’, indigenous activity maps, and maps of indigenous aid. The resulting spatial narrative shows the Spanish conquest of Peru was never inevitable and was dependent on the constant aid of immense numbers of indigenous people.

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COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2020.145 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Chris Urwin ◽

Quan Hua ◽

Henry Arifeae

Keyword(s):

Papua New Guinea ◽

New Guinea ◽

Oral Traditions ◽

Long Distance ◽

Spatial History ◽

The Past ◽

History Of ◽

Gulf Of Papua ◽

The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

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Sufis and the Sufi Lodges in Istanbul in the Late Nineteenth Century: A Socio-Spatial Analysis

Journal of Urban History ◽

10.1177/00961442211025253 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009614422110252

Author(s):

Ahmet Yusuf Yüksek

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Late Nineteenth Century ◽

Religion And Spirituality ◽

Spatial History ◽

The Social ◽

History Of ◽

Late Nineteenth ◽

Social Profiles

This study investigates the socio-spatial history of Sufism in Istanbul during 1880s. Drawing on a unique population registry, it reconstructs the locations of Sufi lodges and the social profiles of Sufis to question how visible Sufism was in the Ottoman capital, and what this visibility demonstrates the historical realities of Sufism. It claims that Sufism was an integral part of the Ottoman life since Sufi lodges were space of religion and spirituality, art, housing, and health. Despite their large presence in Istanbul, Sufi lodges were extensively missing in two main areas: the districts of Unkapanı-Bayezid and Galata-Pera. While the lack of lodgess in the latter area can be explained by the Western encroachment in the Ottoman capital, the explanation for the absence of Sufis in Unkapanı-Bayezid is more complex: natural disasters, two opposing views about Sufi sociability, and the locations of the central lodges.

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Using Published Trial Schematics to Assess a Brief (Spatial) History of Time: Questioning the Graphical Depiction of Experimental Procedures

Timing & Time Perception ◽

10.1163/22134468-03002054 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3-4) ◽

pp. 317-322

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Dyson

Keyword(s):

Scientific Community ◽

Point Of View ◽

Spatial Representations ◽

Spatial History ◽

Spatial Expressions ◽

History Of ◽

Temporal Events ◽

Alternative Routes ◽

Bottom To Top ◽

Representation Of Time

Trial schematics are ubiquitous within psychology journals articles and have the potential to inform how we think about time in space from a non-linguistic point of view. Graphical representations of trial schematics were used to compare the spatial representations of time used by the scientific community with the dominant spatial stereotypes for temporal events reported by the scientific community. From 294 observations, approximately 81% of trial schematics contained left-to-right and / or top-to-bottom representations of first-to-last events, consistent with the dominant Western spatial expressions of time. An initially counter-intuitive left-to-right but bottom-to-top spatial stereotype used in approximately 18% of schematics is discussed with respect to its potential perceptual origins. The complications that arise from the use of multiple spatial axes in the representation of time are highlighted and given the tendency for trial schematics to be informationally poor, alternative routes for the supply of thorough experimental detail are suggested.

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Space and Identity in Martinique: Towards a New Reading of the Spatial History of the Peasantry

Environment and Planning D Society and Space ◽

10.1068/d130289 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 289-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christine Chivallon

Keyword(s):

Collective Identity ◽

Social Group ◽

West Indies ◽

Social Experience ◽

Point Of View ◽

Theoretical Point ◽

French West Indies ◽

Spatial History ◽

Real Process ◽

History Of

Unlike research in the Anglophone West Indies, research in the French West Indies has only very recently developed the idea of the existence of a peasant social group in the plantation societies of Guadeloupe and Martinique. The fragility and instability of the collective identity in the French West Indies has served as a principal argument to support the view that the group is not a peasantry but a mere by-product of the plantation system. The idea of the absence of a real process of taking control of space or of a sort of intimate history with space occurs in some writings to explain this weakness of collective sense. Far from refuting the argument which firmly links the identity question to that of space, I shall reinforce it but in order to show that, on the contrary, there arc good grounds for affirming the existence, in the case of the peasant group in Martinique, of an original social experience in which space is strongly mobilised. In doing this, my intention is also to add weight to a theoretical point of view which shows the strength of the ties between space and identity, given that the peasant world in Martinique provides a paradigmatic example of the undeniable power of these ties.

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A political and spatial history of Indonesian cities

Under Construction ◽

10.1163/9789004263932_003 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 29-70

Keyword(s):

Spatial History ◽

History Of

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Toward an Alaskan Critical Regionalist Pedagogy

Lateral ◽

10.25158/l10.1.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Richard Simpson

Keyword(s):

Critical Pedagogy ◽

Urban Space ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Cruise Ship ◽

Production Of Space ◽

Productive Force ◽

Spatial History ◽

Visual Spatial ◽

History Of ◽

The Right

In an era when urban space is theorized as an educative science enhancing productivity, business, and management, we witness the emergence of teaching as a dominant productive force for the first time in the history of capital. Given the decisive role of knowledge production in the development of globalized urbanization it becomes vital to identify critical pedagogies that not only engage the production of space but grasp the production of space as pedagogical. To do so, I attend to interventions into regionalist studies and the global city to argue for visual spatial tactics as a tool for a critical regionalist pedagogy capable of linking material, affective, and discursive practices with a placed-based approach to globalized urbanization. Students design a collaborative website documenting the spatial history of cruise ship tourism in Alaska as an argument over the right to the city. Identifying this living process—framing the cruise industry as a constitutive system fusing discourse, space, and identity to restructure history, nature, and region—becomes a means of questioning and revising otherwise generalized theories often brought to bear on tourist landscapes, on Alaska, and on critical pedagogy itself. This case study shows the emergence of the cruise ship city as inseparable from the onset of globalized urbanization and how it, in turn, provides edifying material to mobilize a critical regionalist pedagogy within contemporary forms of educative landscapes.

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