The Self-Selection Bias

2015 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Rolf Dobelli
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Selection

scholarly journals Surveillance of CKD epidemiology in the US – a joint analysis of NHANES and KEEP

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
OB Myers ◽  
VS Pankratz ◽  
KC Norris ◽  
JA Vassalotti ◽  
M Unruh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Self ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Web Surveys ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Ckd Stage

AbstractChronic Kidney Disease (CKD), is highly prevalent in the United States. Epidemiological systems for surveillance of CKD rely on data that are based solely on the NHANES survey, which does not include many patients with the most severe and less frequent forms of CKD. We investigated the feasibility of estimating CKD prevalence from the large-scale community disease detection Kidney Early Evaluation and Program (KEEP, n = 127,149). We adopted methodologies from the field of web surveys to address the self-selection bias inherent in KEEP. Primary outcomes studied were CKD Stage 3-5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 mL/min/1.73m2, and CKD Stage 4-5 (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m2). The unweighted prevalence of Stage 4-5 CKD was higher in KEEP (1.00%, 95%CI: 0.94-1.05%) than in NHANES (0.51%, 95% CI: 0.43-0.59%). Application of a selection model with IPW of variables related to demographics, recruitment and socio-economic factors resulted in estimates similar to NHANES (0.55%, 95% CI: 0.50-0.60%). Weighted prevalence of Stages 3-5 CKD in KEEP was 6.45% (95% CI: 5.70 7.28%) compared to 6.73% (95% CI: 6.30-7.19%) for NHANES. Application of methodologies that address the self-selection bias in the KEEP program may allow the use of this large, geographically diverse dataset for CKD surveillance.

The impact of individual quotas on technical efficiency: does quality matter?

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
JORGE DRESDNER ◽  
NÉLYDA CAMPOS ◽  
CARLOS CHÁVEZ
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Self ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Efficiency Gains ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTWe estimate the technical efficiency gains of introducing individual quotas (IQs) in fisheries. Our estimates are based on two samples of vessels, considering a potential self-selection bias and controlling for quality changes in landings induced by the IQ system. The results suggest that the introduction of IQs has an important positive impact on fleet efficiency, and that properly measuring this impact requires controlling for the self-selection bias and quality changes induced by the regulatory shift.

scholarly journals Political Connections and Stock Price Crash Risk: Empirical Evidence from the Fall of Suharto

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Harymawan ◽  
Lam ◽  
Nasih ◽  
Rumayya
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
The Self ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Firm Structures ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between firm-level political connections and stock price crash risk in Indonesia. It employs the difference-in-difference design to deal with the self-selection bias issue regarding the choice of the firms to become a politically connected firm. We use the sudden resignation of the former President of Indonesia, Suharto, to show that politically connected firms are associated with lower stock price crash risk and that the risk for these politically connected firms increased after Suharto resigned. Furthermore, we found evidence that these negative associations are more pronounced in firms with more complex firm structures.

Econometrics of Economics and Human Biology

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-130
Author(s):  
Gregory Colman ◽  
Dhaval Dave
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Biology ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Ideal

Many questions arising in research in economics and human biology cannot be studied through experimental manipulation, making the ideal randomized controlled trial (RCT) infeasible. Often the only data available are observational, and the researcher must confront the challenge of the nonrandom choice of the independent variable, known as the self-selection problem. This chapter describes this selection bias and discusses the central econometric techniques that economists have in their arsenal to guide causal inference with nonexperimental data, with a particular focus on implementation and key identifying assumptions underlying each empirical strategy. Applications are drawn upon in which this selection bias is addressed. Also included in the chapter is a brief discussion of issues relating to treatment heterogeneity and methods that allow the causal effect to vary among persons, either by unobserved or observed characteristics, which may help reveal in which subsets of the population the estimable or interesting causal effect applies.

scholarly journals Victim–Offender Mediation and Reduced Reoffending: Gauging the Self-Selection Bias

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 949-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiska Jonas-van Dijk ◽  
Sven Zebel ◽  
Jacques Claessen ◽  
Hans Nelen
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Selection

Previous research suggests that participation in victim–offender mediation (VOM) can lower the risk of reoffending. However, no randomized controlled trials have been done to examine this effect of VOM. Given that participation in VOM is voluntary, previous studies likely suffer from self-selection bias. To address this bias, we compared reoffending rates of three different offender groups: offenders who participated in VOM; offenders who were willing to participate, but whose counterpart declined VOM; and offenders unwilling to participate (total N = 1,275). Results replicated that participation in VOM predicts lower reoffending rates and suggested that this effect is not solely due to a self-selection bias. Suggestions are made for future research to examine why VOM causes lower reoffending rates.

Women on the board of directors and corporate tax aggressiveness in Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Richardson ◽  
Grantley Taylor ◽  
Roman Lanis
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Aggressiveness ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of women on the board of directors on corporate tax avoidance in Australia. Design/methodology/approach The authors use multivariate regression analysis to test the association between the presence of female directors on the board and tax aggressiveness. They also test for self-selection bias in the regression model by using the two-stage Heckman procedure. Findings This paper finds that relative to there being one female board member, high (i.e. greater than one member) female presence on the board of directors reduces the likelihood of tax aggressiveness. The results are robust after controlling for self-selection bias and using several alternative measures of tax aggressiveness. Research limitations/implications This study extends the extant literature on corporate governance and tax aggressiveness. This study is subject to several caveats. First, the sample is restricted to publicly listed Australian firms. Second, this study only examines the issue of women on the board of directors and tax aggressiveness in the context of Australia. Practical implications This research is timely, as there has been increased pressure by government bodies in Australia and globally to develop policies to increase female representation on the board of directors. Originality/value This study is the first to provide empirical evidence concerning the association between the presence of women on the board of directors and tax aggressiveness.

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