Using Simple Simulation Models in Operational Analysis of Rail Transit Lines: Case Study of Boston’s Red Line

1999 ◽  
Vol 1677 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas E. Heimburger ◽  
Anne Y. Herzenberg ◽  
Nigel H. M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Simple Simulation ◽  
Red Line

scholarly journals Perceived Trip Time Reliability and Its Cost in a Rail Transit Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7504
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Paul Schonfeld ◽  
Jinqu Chen ◽  
Yong Yin ◽  
Qiyuan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Time Index ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Buffer Time ◽  
Transfer Times

Time reliability in a Rail Transit Network (RTN) is usually measured according to clock-based trip time, while the travel conditions such as travel comfort and convenience cannot be reflected by clock-based trip time. Here, the crowding level of trains, seat availability, and transfer times are considered to compute passengers’ Perceived Trip Time (PTT). Compared with the average PTT, the extra PTT needed for arriving reliably, which equals the 95th percentile PTT minus the average PTT, is converted into the monetary cost for estimating Perceived Time Reliability Cost (PTRC). The ratio of extra PTT needed for arriving reliably to the average PTT referring to the buffer time index is proposed to measure Perceived Time Reliability (PTR). To overcome the difficulty of obtaining passengers’ PTT who travel among rail transit modes, a Monte Carlo simulation is applied to generated passengers’ PTT for computing PTR and PTRC. A case study of Chengdu’s RTN shows that the proposed metrics and method measure the PTR and PTRC in an RTN effectively. PTTR, PTRC, and influential factors have significant linear relations among them, and the obtained linear regression models among them can guide passengers to travel reliably.

scholarly journals Changes in mean forest age in Canada’s forests could limit future increases in area burned but compromise potential harvestable conifer volumes

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Boulanger ◽  
Martin Girardin ◽  
Pierre Y. Bernier ◽  
Sylvie Gauthier ◽  
André Beaudoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Age Related ◽  
New Information ◽  
Simple Simulation ◽  
Regional Vulnerability ◽  
Vegetation Feedbacks ◽  
Burning Rates ◽  
Negative Impacts

Forest fire activity is projected to increase with climate change in Canada, but vegetation feedbacks are usually not considered. Using new information on the selectivity or avoidance of fire as a function of stand age and composition, we ran simple simulation models that consider the changes in the regional age matrices induced by fire and harvesting to project future burn rates. We also projected estimated future regional vulnerability of timber supply to fire by considering these new burn rates. The inclusion of age-related feedbacks would have a large impact on projected increases in burn rates, mostly in a very fire active zone under aggressive climate forcing. Projected burn rates would still increase, but would be 50% less in 2100 than if projected without this biotic feedback in some zones. Negative feedbacks would be virtually nonexistent when potential burning rates are below 1%, whereas realized burning rates would be lowered by more than a 0.5 percentage point when potential burning rates exceed 2.5%. Including fire–vegetation feedbacks had virtually no impact on total volume harvested. As fire burns more old-growth coniferous stands, slightly negative impacts were projected on conifer harvested almost everywhere. These results underline the need to incorporate fire–vegetation feedbacks when projecting future burn rates.

scholarly journals The New Urbanism Principle of Quality Architecture and Urban Design Versus Place Identity. A Case Study of Val D’Europe and the Manufaktura Complex

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Maria Cysek-Pawlak ◽  
Sylwia Krzysztofik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
New Urbanism ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This article contributes to the New Urbanism debate by considering the relationship between the identity of a place and quality in architecture and urban design. It combines a general theoretical discussion and an operational analysis with a comparative study of two commercial centres: Manufaktura in Łódź (Poland) and Val d’Europe in Marne-la-Vallée (France). It concludes that while the guidelines of New Urbanism can help both private investors and public stakeholders make better strategic decisions, according to the concept of quality architecture and urban design, its framework should be applied with care for community needs and the historical character of the city.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Assessment of Flood Hazard, Vulnerability, and Flood Risk at the Household Level in a Municipality Area: A Case Study of Nan Province, Thailand

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Tawatchai Tingsanchali ◽  
Thanasit Promping
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
Hazard Vulnerability ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Estimating flood hazard, vulnerability, and flood risk at the household level in the past did not fully consider all relevant parameters. The main objective of this study is to improve this drawback by developing a new comprehensive and systematic methodology considering all relevant parameters and their weighting factors. This new methodology is applied to a case study of flood inundation in a municipal area of Nan City in the Upper Nan River Basin in Thailand. Field and questionnaire surveys were carried out to collect pertinent data for input into the new methodology for estimating flood hazard, vulnerability, and risk. Designed floods for various return periods were predicted using flood simulation models for assessing flood risk. The flood risk maps constructed for the return periods of 10–500 years show a substantial increase in flood risk with the return periods. The results are consistent with past flood damages, which were significant near and along the riverbanks where ground elevation is low, population density is high, and the number of household properties are high. In conclusion, this new comprehensive methodology yielded realistic results and can be used further to assess the effectiveness of various proposed flood mitigation measures.

Evaluating the Operational Efficiency of Two Versions of Super Diverging Diamond Interchange Design: A Case Study in Denver, Colorado

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110372
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahmidul Haq ◽  
Amirarsalan Mehrara Molan ◽  
Khaled Ksaibati
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Signal Coordination ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Microsimulation Models ◽  
Better Than

This paper aims to advance the current research on the new super diverging diamond interchange (super DDI) design by evaluating the operational efficiency using real-world locations. As part of a comprehensive research effort on improving the performance of failing service interchanges in the mountain-plains region, the study identified three interchanges (Interstate 225 and Mississippi Avenue, Interstate 25 and 120th Avenue, and Interstate 25 and Hampden Avenue) at Denver, Colorado as the potential candidates to model for future retrofit. Four interchange designs (i.e., existing CDI [conventional diamond interchange], DDI, super DDI-1, and super DDI-2) were tested in this study. The operational analysis was conducted using VISSIM and Synchro. Several microsimulation models (120 scenarios with 600 runs in total) were created with three peak hours (a.m., noon, and p.m.) for existing (the year 2020) and projected (the year 2030) traffic volumes. The study considered two simulation networks: (1) when no adjacent traffic signal exists, to determine how the four interchange designs would perform if there were no adjacent signals or they were far away from the interchange; and (2) when there are two adjacent traffic signals, to evaluate the performance of the four interchanges in a bigger corridor with signal coordination needed. An important finding is that super DDI designs outperformed DDI with adjacent signals and higher traffic demand, while DDI performed similarly to or sometimes insignificantly better than super DDI if no adjacent intersections were located in the vicinity and if the demand was lower than the DDI’s capacity.

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