Rutting of Thin Pavements: Full-Scale Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 1716 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ceratti ◽  
Washington P. Núñez ◽  
Wai Y.Y. Gehling ◽  
José A. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Point Load ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University

Since 1992, the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, along with the roads department of the same Brazilian state, has undertaken comprehensive research on weathered basalts, with the purpose of reducing the cost of low-volume pavements. Laboratory studies have led to a criterion (on the basis of the point load test) used to select deposits of these intensely fractured rocks. A traffic simulator was designed and built, and a pavement test facility was constructed on the university campus. A study was done of rutting of thin pavements on which weathered basalts were used as base layers. The traffic simulator applied more than 267,000 axle loads, ranging from 82 to 130 kN, on five full-scale test sections. Two different weathered basalts and three base thicknesses were used. A postmortem evaluation revealed that the base layer contributed the most to rutting. The axle load applications caused the pavement structure to settle and consolidate. A total of 4,148 measurements of rut depth, made at intervals, provided a statistically significant data set. Rutting evolution was shown to depend not only on traffic characteristics but also on pavement structure. With consideration of rutting as a major failure cause in thin pavements and a rut depth of 25 mm as a terminal criterion, load equivalence factors were calculated by means of a reliability analysis.

scholarly journals Minimum Relevant Features to Obtain Explainable Systems for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Using the Statlog Data Set

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1285
Author(s):  
Roberto Porto ◽  
José M. Molina ◽  
Antonio Berlanga ◽  
Miguel A. Patricio
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Automated Learning ◽  
Prediction Systems ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University

Learning systems have been focused on creating models capable of obtaining the best results in error metrics. Recently, the focus has shifted to improvement in the interpretation and explanation of the results. The need for interpretation is greater when these models are used to support decision making. In some areas, this becomes an indispensable requirement, such as in medicine. The goal of this study was to define a simple process to construct a system that could be easily interpreted based on two principles: (1) reduction of attributes without degrading the performance of the prediction systems and (2) selecting a technique to interpret the final prediction system. To describe this process, we selected a problem, predicting cardiovascular disease, by analyzing the well-known Statlog (Heart) data set from the University of California’s Automated Learning Repository. We analyzed the cost of making predictions easier to interpret by reducing the number of features that explain the classification of health status versus the cost in accuracy. We performed an analysis on a large set of classification techniques and performance metrics, demonstrating that it is possible to construct explainable and reliable models that provide high quality predictive performance.

scholarly journals THE CHAIR PROJECT: FIRMNESS, COMMODITY, AND AN EMPHASIS ON DELIGHT

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. English
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Design Build ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
The University

This paper will describe the theoretical approach and methodology and show the outcome of a pedagogical experiment that has proven to be highly successful in motivating architecture students to master structural analysis and design. The Chair Project is the term project for the last of the sequence of three required Structures courses in the curriculum of the University of Waterloo School of Architecture. Each student is required to design, construct and structurally analyze a folding or take-apart wooden chair for a specific "client". The choice of his/her client is up to the student, but should be a well-known creative personality who can serve as a term-long inspiration for the design of the chair. By being assigned a small but structurally provocative design-build project as part of their structures coursework, the students are provided with an immediate need-to-know application while they are learning the techniques of structural analysis. The folding wooden chair as a design-build and computational analysis project has the additional benefit of being an object that the students are able to construct, analyze and load-test at full scale.

Integrating Legacy Laboratory Information Systems into a Client-Server World: The University of Minnesota Clinical Workstation (CWS) Project

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Sielaff ◽  
D. P. Connelly ◽  
K. E. Willard
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Clinical Workstation ◽  
Future Hospital ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
Laboratory Information Systems

Abstract:The development of an innovative clinical decision-support project such as the University of Minnesota’s Clinical Workstation initiative mandates the use of modern client-server network architectures. Preexisting conventional laboratory information systems (LIS) cannot be quickly replaced with client-server equivalents because of the cost and relative unavailability of such systems. Thus, embedding strategies that effectively integrate legacy information systems are needed. Our strategy led to the adoption of a multi-layered connection architecture that provides a data feed from our existing LIS to a new network-based relational database management system. By careful design, we maximize the use of open standards in our layered connection structure to provide data, requisition, or event messaging in several formats. Each layer is optimized to provide needed services to existing hospital clients and is well positioned to support future hospital network clients.

Diagnostics of professional competence of IT students based on digital footprint data

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
I. G. Zakharova ◽  
Yu. V. Boganyuk ◽  
M. S. Vorobyova ◽  
E. A. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Job Requirements ◽  
Digital Footprint ◽  
Graduate Employment ◽  
The University

The article goal is to demonstrate the possibilities of the approach to diagnosing the level of IT graduates’ professional competence, based on the analysis of the student’s digital footprint and the content of the corresponding educational program. We describe methods for extracting student professional level indicators from digital footprint text data — courses’ descriptions and graduation qualification works. We show methods of comparing these indicators with the formalized requirements of employers, reflected in the texts of vacancies in the field of information technology. The proposed approach was applied at the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science of the University of Tyumen. We performed diagnostics using a data set that included texts of courses’ descriptions for IT areas of undergraduate studies, 542 graduation qualification works in these areas, 879 descriptions of job requirements and information on graduate employment. The presented approach allows us to evaluate the relevance of the educational program as a whole and the level of professional competence of each student based on objective data. The results were used to update the content of some major courses and to include new elective courses in the curriculum.

scholarly journals SURG-29. A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE OF USING INTRA-OPERATIVE MRI IN MANAGING PEDIATRIC CRANIAL NEURO-ONCOLOGY CASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii464-iii464
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Ganesan ◽  
Nor Faizal Ahmad Bahuri ◽  
Revathi Rajagopal ◽  
Jasmine Loh PY ◽  
Kein Seong Mun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Ferromagnetic Material ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Single Centre Experience ◽  
Physical Setting ◽  
Paediatric Case ◽  
High Level ◽  
The University

Abstract The University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur had acquired a intraoperative MRI (iMRI) brain suite via a public private initiative in September 2015. The MRI brain suite has a SIEMENS 1.5T system with NORAS coil system and NORAS head clamps in a two room solution. We would like to retrospectively review the cranial paediatric neuro-oncology cases that had surgery in this facility from September 2015 till December 2019. We would like to discuss our experience with regard to the clear benefits and the challenges in using such technology to aid in the surgery. The challenges include the physical setting up the paediatric case preoperatively, the preparation and performing the intraoperative scan, the interpretation of intraoperative images and making a decision and the utilisation of the new MRI data set to assist in the navigation to locate the residue safely. Also discuss the utility of the intraoperative images in the decision of subsequent adjuvant management. The use of iMRI also has other technical challenges such as ensuring the perimeter around the patient is free of ferromagnetic material, the process of transfer of the patient to the scanner and as a consequence increased duration of the surgery. CONCLUSION: Many elements in the use of iMRI has a learning curve and it improves with exposure and experience. In some areas only a high level of vigilance and SOP (Standard operating procedure) is required to minimize mishaps. Currently, the iMRI gives the best means of determining extent of resection before concluding the surgery.

scholarly journals 136. Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff: Solutions for Large-Scale Stewardship Obstacles

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S79-S80
Author(s):  
Joanne Huang ◽  
Zahra Kassamali Escobar ◽  
Rupali Jain ◽  
Jeannie D Chan ◽  
John B Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urgent Care ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
University Of Washington ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Diagnostic Coding ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The University

Abstract Background In an effort to support stewardship endeavors, the MITIGATE (a Multifaceted Intervention to Improve Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Infection for Adult and Children in Emergency Department and Urgent Care Settings) Toolkit was published in 2018, aiming to reduce unnecessary antibiotics for viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs). At the University of Washington, we have incorporated strategies from this toolkit at our urgent care clinics. This study aims to address solutions to some of the challenges we experienced. Challenges and Solutions Methods This was a retrospective observational study conducted at Valley Medical Center (Sept 2019-Mar 2020) and the University of Washington (Jan 2019-Feb 2020) urgent care clinics. Patients were identified through ICD-10 diagnosis codes included in the MITIGATE toolkit. The primary outcome was identifying challenges and solutions developed during this process. Results We encountered five challenges during our roll-out of MITIGATE. First, using both ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes can lead to inaccurate data collection. Second, technical support for coding a complex data set is essential and should be accounted for prior to beginning stewardship interventions of this scale. Third, unintentional incorrect diagnosis selection was common and may require reeducation of prescribers on proper selection. Fourth, focusing on singular issues rather than multiple outcomes is more feasible and can offer several opportunities for stewardship interventions. Lastly, changing prescribing behavior can cause unintended tension during implementation. Modifying benchmarks measured, allowing for bi-directional feedback, and identifying provider champions can help maintain open communication. Conclusion Resources such as the MITIGATE toolkit are helpful to implement standardized data driven stewardship interventions. We have experienced some challenges including a complex data build, errors with diagnostic coding, providing constructive feedback while maintaining positive stewardship relationships, and choosing feasible outcomes to measure. We present solutions to these challenges with the aim to provide guidance to those who are considering using this toolkit for outpatient stewardship interventions. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Demographic life history traits of reproductive natterjack toads (Bufo calamita) vary between northern and southern latitudes

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delfi Sanuy ◽  
Christoph Leskovar ◽  
Neus Oromi ◽  
Ulrich Sinsch
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Bufo Calamita ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Age Variation ◽  
The Cost

AbstractDemographic life history traits were investigated in three Bufo calamita populations in Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate: Urmitz, 50°N; 1998-2000) and Spain (Catalonia: Balaguer, Mas de Melons, 41°N; 2004). We used skeletochronology to estimate the age as number of lines of arrested growth in breeding adults collected during the spring breeding period (all localities) and during the summer breeding period (only Urmitz). A data set including the variables sex, age and size of 185 males and of 87 females was analyzed with respect to seven life history traits (age and size at maturity of the youngest first breeders, age variation in first breeders, longevity, potential reproductive lifespan, median lifespan, age-size relationship). Spring and summer cohorts at the German locality differed with respect to longevity and potential reproductive lifespan by one year in favour of the early breeders. The potential consequences on fitness and stability of cohorts are discussed. Latitudinal variation of life history traits was mainly limited to female natterjacks in which along a south-north gradient longevity and potential reproductive lifespan increased while size decreased. These results and a review of published information on natterjack demography suggest that lifetime number of offspring seem to be optimized by locally different trade-offs: large female size at the cost of longevity in southern populations and increased longevity at the cost of size in northern ones.

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