scholarly journals COMPORTAMENTO ESPACIAL DA FUSARIOSE E DOS ATRIBUTOS DO SOLO NO CULTIVO DA PIMENTA-DO-REINO

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Carla Da Penha Simon ◽  
Ana Carolina Lyra Brumat ◽  
Marcelo Barreto Da Silva ◽  
Bernardo Torres Olmo ◽  
Edney Leandro da Vitória ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Irregular Sampling ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Chemical Attributes

A pimenta-do-reino é a especiaria mais consumida no mundo e o Brasil destaca-se como um dos maiores produtores. Um dos grandes limitantes no seu cultivo é a fusariose (Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis). Objetivou-se com a realização deste estudo caracterizar a variabilidade espacial da fusariose em pimenta-do-reino, verificando a existência de relação com os atributos físicos e químicos do solo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma lavoura localizada no município de São Mateus-ES, na qual foi estabelecida uma malha amostral irregular com 79 pontos, abrangendo uma área de um hectare.  Para a amostragem da fusariose foi realizado um levantamento, onde uma planta por ponto da malha amostral foi classificada em sadia, doente ou morta.  Os atributos do solo amostrados foram: pH em H2O, matéria orgânica, cálcio, magnésio, potássio e textura do solo. Os dados foram analisados através da estatística descritiva e ferramentas da geoestatística. Os semivariogramas ajustados apresentaram uma forte dependência espacial para as variáveis intensidade da fusariose, altimetria, matéria orgânica, textura do solo, pH, cálcio, magnésio potássio (89, 94, 92, 94, 93, 91, 100 e 85 % respectivamente). Os mapas gerados indicam que não há relação da intensidade da fusariose com os atributos do solo estudados no experimento.Palavra-chave: epidemiologia, Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, geoestatística, Piper nigrum L. SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF FUSARIOSE AND SOIL ATTRIBUTES IN THE BLACK PEPPER CULTIVATION  ABSTRACT:Black pepper is the most consumed spice in the world, Brazil stands out as one of the largest producers. One of the major constraints in cultivation is fusariosis (Fusarium solani f. Piperis). The objective of this study was characterize the spatial variability of fusariosis in black pepper and verify the relationship of chemical attributes of the soil. The study was developed in a tillage located in the municipality of São Mateus - ES, which exist an irregular sampling network was established with 79 points, covering an area of one hectare. For the sampling of fusariosis intensity, the survey was performed, where one plant per point of the sample mesh was classified as healthy, symptomatic or dead. The attributes of the soil sampled were: pH in H2O, organic matter, nutrient content (calcium, magnesium, potassium) and soil texture. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and geostatistics tools. The adjusted semivariograms indicated a strong spatial dependence for the variables intensity of fusariosis, altimetry, organic matter, soil texture, pH, calcium, potassium magnesium (89, 94, 92, 94, 93, 91, 100 and 85%, respectively). The generated maps indicate that there is no relation between the incidence of fusariosis and the soil attributes studied in the experiment.Keywords: epidemiology, Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, geostatistics, Piper nigrum L. DOI:

scholarly journals In vitro toxin production by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Lourdes R. Duarte ◽  
Simon A. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Detached Leaves

Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis (teleomorph: Nectria haematococca f. sp. piperis), causal agent of root rot and stem blight on black pepper (Piper nigrum), produces secondary metabolites with toxigenic properties, capable of inducing vein discoloration in detached leaves and wilting in transpiring microcuttings. Production of F. solani f. sp. piperis (Fsp) toxic metabolites reached a peak after 25 days of static incubation on potato sucrose broth at 25 ºC under illumination. Changes in the pH of the culture filtrate did not alter the effect of toxic metabolites. However, when the pH was changed before the medium had been autoclaved, a more intense biological response was observed, with an optimum at pH 6.0. Isolates that produced red pigments in liquid cultures were more efficient in producing biologically active culture filtrates than those which produced pink coloured or clear filtrates suggesting that these pigments could be related to toxigenic activity. Detached leaves of seven black pepper cultivars and Piper betle showed symptoms of vein discoloration after immersion in autoclaved and non-autoclaved Fsp culture filtrates indicating the thermostable nature of these toxic metabolites.

scholarly journals Secondary Metabolic Profiles of Two Cultivars of Piper nigrum (Black Pepper) Resulting from Infection by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirlley da Luz ◽  
Lydia Yamaguchi ◽  
Massuo Kato ◽  
Oriel de Lemos ◽  
Luciana Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Metabolic Profiles

scholarly journals COMPORTAMENTO ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA FUSARIOSE EM PIMENTA-DO-REINO

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Lyra Brumat ◽  
Marcelo Silva ◽  
Antonio Fernando de Souza ◽  
Ivoney Gontijo ◽  
Edney Leandro da Vitória ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Taylor’S Law ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The One ◽  
Best Fit

Objetivou-se com o trabalho estudar a dinâmica de distribuição espaço-temporal da fusariose em pimenta-do-reino. Foram monitoradas quatro áreas de plantio, no município de São Mateus-ES, no período de dez/2015 a dez/2016. Realizaram-se seis avaliações da doença. As plantas foram avaliadas visualmente em busca dos sintomas típicos da doença. A presença ou ausência de sintomas, e a posição de cada planta, foram anotadas em planilhas obtendo-se o mapeamento da evolução da doença dentro das áreas. Com base nos mapas criados fez-se o estudo da distribuição espaço-temporal. A partir dos dados de incidência calculou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) e realizou-se o ajuste de modelos epidemiológicos.  Para o estudo espacial utilizou-se a Lei de Taylor modificada, o Índice de Dispersão (ID) e a análise de dinâmica e estrutura de focos (ADEF). O modelo monomolecular foi o que melhor se ajustou à curva de progresso da fusariose.  Observou-se que os resultados de ID variaram em cada área. A Lei de Taylor modificada indicou distribuição agregada somente em uma área.  A ADEF demonstrou que com a evolução da doença ao longo do tempo os focos se tornavam maiores e em menor número.Palavras-chave: Piper nigrum; Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis; epidemiologia. SPATIO-TEMPORAL BEHAVIOR OF FUSARIOSIS IN BLACK PEPPER ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to study the spatio-temporal dynamics of fusariosis in black pepper. Four planting areas were monitored in the municipality of São Mateus-ES, in the period from 10/2015 to 10 / 2016. Six classifieds of the disease were carried out. The plants were visually evaluated for the typical symptoms of the disease. The presence or absence of symptoms, and the position of each plant, were recorded on planets and the mapping of the evolution of the disease within the areas was obtained. Based on the sites visited, he studied the spatial-temporal distribution. From the calculation data, an area under the disease progress curve (AACPD) is calculated and adjusted for epidemiological models. For the spatial study we used a modified Taylor's Law, the Dispersion Index (ID) and a dynamics and foci structure analysis (ADEF). The monomolecular model was the one that best fit the progression curve of fusariosis. It was observed that the ID results varied in each area. The modified Taylor Law indicated the distribution of content in an area. ADEF demonstrated an evolution of the disease over time as the outbreaks became larger and smaller.Keywords: Piper nigrum; Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis; epidemiology.

scholarly journals Researches Regarding the Electro-Conductivity Determination on Different Soil Textures from Romania, Before Sowing

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulian -Florin VOICEA ◽  
Mihai MATACHE ◽  
Valentin VLADUT
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Clay Layer ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Agricultural Operations

Precision farming involves the collection of detailed information about the characteristics of agricultural operations. Electro-conductivity (EC) of soil is one of the tests easier and less costly for agriculture, which can be performed today. Electro-conductivity (EC) is the ability of a material to transmit (conduct) an electrical current and is usually expressed in miliSiemens / meter (MS / m). Electro-conductivity (EC) of soil is a measurand that characterizes many soil properties which affect the productivity of crops. These include the water content, soil texture, soil organic matter (OM), depth to clay layer, the capacity of cation exchange (CEC), salinity, calcium, magnesium. Measurements of electro-conductivity (EC) of soil can add value to agricultural operations if they can be used to help explain variations in agricultural production. Article shows electro-conductivity maps models of the prepared soil in different locations in Romania and electro-conductivity correlation with the physico-chemical properties of these soils

scholarly journals Transcriptional profiling by RNA sequencing of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) roots infected by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith C. O. Moreira ◽  
Daniel G. Pinheiro ◽  
Sheila M. C. Gordo ◽  
Simone M. Rodrigues ◽  
Elaine Pessoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum

scholarly journals Replacement of liming and NPK fertilization with turkey litter in degraded areas grown with Urochloa decumbens

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Andrisley Joaquim da Silva ◽  
Fernando França da Cunha ◽  
Cassiano Garcia Roque ◽  
Monice Donatila Tavares da Silva ◽  
Diego Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Soil fertility and acidity correction in recovering areas require high doses of correctives and fertilizers. Therefore, the use of low-cost products may be an alternative in infertile areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil fertilization and correction methods on the yield of degraded areas cultivated with Urochloa decumbens and soil chemical attributes. The study was conducted in Orthic Quartzarenic Neosol in Mineiros, Goiás, Brazil, from October 2011 to September 2013. The experiment included soil samples treated with 2 Mg ha-1 of dolomitic limestone, a standard fertilizer (45, 54, and 75 kg ha-1 of N, P, and K, respectively), or 3 Mg ha-1 of turkey litter, and a control sample without correction/fertilization. Each treatment included four replicates in a completely randomized block design. The experimental plots consisted of areas of 4.0 m2 (2.0 ?? 2.0 m). The dry matter yield of forage grass and the following soil chemical attributes were evaluated: organic matter, hydrogen potential (pH in CaCl2), phosphorus (resin), potassium, calcium, magnesium, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test at a level of significance of 0.05. Fertilization did not affect the pH, potassium, and CEC of the soil. Fertilization with turkey litter increased the levels of organic matter, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and base saturation compared with soils subjected to standard fertilization or liming. Furthermore, soils fertilized with turkey litter presented higher dry matter yield of Urochloa decumbens compared with unfertilized soils or soils subjected to acidity correction by liming but were not significantly different from soils treated with standard fertilizers. Therefore, fertilization with 3 Mg ha-1 of turkey litter is recommended for improving degraded pastures.

Canonical Correlation between Soil Attributes and Foliar of Conilon Coffee Trees

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Souza da Fonseca ◽  
Julião Soares de Souza Lima ◽  
Maria Christina Junger Delôgo Dardengo ◽  
Samuel De Assis Silva ◽  
Alexandre Candido Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Irregular Sampling ◽  
Independent Group ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Chemical Attributes

The nutritional status of the coffee tree is influenced by the concentration of nutrients in the soil of the growing area. The objective of this work was to evaluate, using canonical correlation, the linear relationships between chemical attributes of soil and nutrients of leaf tissues in seminal coffee. The work was developed in a commercial crop located in the municipality of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, the southern region of the state of Espírito Santo. In the crop, an irregular sampling mesh was constructed, totalling 80 georeferenced points. The canonical correlation analysis was performed considering the original data observed in two consecutive conilon coffee harvests, 2015/16 and 2016/17, to verify the associations between a (dependent) group formed by foliar nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) and an independent group formed by soil chemical attributes (pH, Ca, Al, K, S, P, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn). Even if nutrients are available, that is, available in a satisfactory amount in the soil, it can happen that it does not reach the leaf tissue, resulting in a deficiency for some nutrients. There was a direct relationship between the concentration of K in the leaf tissue and K in the soil in the two harvests. Other soil attributes, such as Organic Matter, Fe, Mn, and S, also influenced this relationship, showing that the soil attributes in the independent group interact together on the nutrients in the leaf tissue. There is an inverse relationship between the concentrations of K in the leaf tissue and the Mn in the soil in the two harvests, showing that the excess of Mn in the soil is influencing the K deficiency in the leaf tissue.

scholarly journals Chemical attributes of soil under cassava wastewater application in Marandugrass cultivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 579-585
Author(s):  
Marcio G. da S. Bezerra ◽  
Gualter G. C. da Silva ◽  
Gelson dos S. Difante ◽  
João V. Emerenciano Neto ◽  
Ermelinda M. M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Cassava Wastewater

ABSTRACT There is a worldwide concern regarding the management of agroindustrial residues, involving sustainable practices that contribute to taking advantage of the residues as inputs in productive processes, allowing greater efficiency in the integration of agricultural activities and mitigating their adverse effects on the soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of application of cassava wastewater on the chemical attributes of the soil cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments (0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 m³ ha-1 of cassava wastewater) and four repetitions. To characterize soil chemical attributes soil samples were collected at depths 0 to 10 and 10 to 20 cm, for determination of the concentrations of soil organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium before and after cassava wastewater application were determined. The application of cassava wastewater increases available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium concentrations, decreases exchangeable calcium, magnesium and organic matter contents of the soil cultivated with Marandu grass. Cassava wastewater can be used as organic fertilizer for pastures of Marandu grass with doses of up to 120 m³ ha-1.

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