ACTIVATED CHARCOAL APPLICATION FOR THE MICROPROPAGATION OF Cattleya crispata (Thunb.) Van den Berg

Micropropagation is an alternative for the genetic conservation and propagation of endemic species from “Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso”, such as the orchid Cattleya crispata. The aim of the present study is to assess the influence of activated charcoal on the in vitro germination, multiplication and elongation phases of C. crispata. Seeds extracted from mature capsules were used for inoculation in the culture medium that was adopted to assess the effect of supplementation, or not, with activated charcoal. Data about germination speed, seedling number, length, vigor, oxidation and contamination (bacterial and/or fungal) were assessed through these phases. Based on the results obtained, the use of activated charcoal was efficient in the in vitro germination and multiplication phases of C. crispata, providing greater speed and percentage of germination, less contamination and oxidation of the tissues, greater number, length and vigor of shoots, being effective for the genetic conservation and production of seedlings of the species. Culture medium without the supplementation of activated charcoal provided the best results for the in vitro elongation, with greater length, vigor and less oxidation of shoots.

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Propagação in vitro de Zingiber spectabile

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v23i3.1035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 270

Author(s):

Michele Valquíria Dos Reis ◽

Fernanda Carlota Nery ◽

Débora De Oliveira Prudente ◽

Patricia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva ◽

Renato Paiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

In Vitro Propagation ◽

Culture Media ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Phase Pattern ◽

High Germination ◽

Length Width ◽

Ornamental Species

Zingiber spectabile is a tropical ornamental species with difficulties to obtain efficient propagation system. Thus, this study aimed to assess the in vitro propagation of Zingiber spectabile. Seed characterization was determined by measuring length, width and thickness, the weight of 1000 seeds and imbibition curve. In vitro germination of seeds was at constant (25 °C) or alternating temperatures (20-30 ºC). For optimization of in vitro multiplication, different concentrations of activated charcoal (0.0, 0.1 and 0.3%) and sucrose (0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 M) were evaluated. Plantlets were inoculated in flasks with different sealing systems (PVC covers with or without filters at the center) and culture media (MS or WPM). The plants were acclimatized in Plantmax® substrate. Seeds were of 6.06 mm length, 3.22 mm wide and 2.83 mm thick. The weight of 1,000 seeds corresponded to 46.4 g. The seed imbibition curve approaches to a tree phase pattern. Alternating temperatures induced high germination rates (68%). The addition of 0.3% activated charcoal provided higher root growth and plants with smaller number of senescent leaves. The best plant growth was obtained by the use of 0.1 M sucrose. All acclimatized plants survived (100%). The results demonstrate that Z. spectabile respond well to in vitro propagation.

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In vitro germination, initial development and acclimatization of Cattleya nobilior Rchb. f. (Orchidaceae): an approach to curb the eventual endangerment of this exuberant, near-threatened Cerrado species

Diversitas Journal ◽

10.17648/diversitas-journal-v6i2-1592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 2167-2191

Author(s):

Silene Lívia Aires de Oliveira ◽

Kellen Lagares Ferreira Silva ◽

Rafael José de Oliveira ◽

Maíra Jéssica de Souza ◽

Jaderson Roney Gomes de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Culture Media ◽

Natural Environments ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Initial Development ◽

Anatomical Characteristics ◽

Soybean Straw ◽

Leaf Anatomical Characteristics

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different culture media on the in vitro germination and initial development of Cattleya nobilior, and to acclimatize this species using soybean straw as a substrate component, aiming the production of plants at large scale to reintroduce it in natural environments. Anatomical characteristics associated with development during acclimatization are also depicted. The influence of Murashige and Skoog, Knudson, and Vacin and Went culture media on the in vitro germination and protocorm development were assessed. Acclimatization was accomplished using different proportions of soybean straw (SS) and Bioplant (BP) as substrates. Anatomical studies were conducted on the leaves of plants during acclimatization. KC was the most suitable culture medium for both germination and initial development of C. nobilior. Regarding acclimatization, it is recommended that a substrate composed of 60% SR and 40% BP be initially used. Upon transfer to shade-house conditions, plants should be grown in a mix of 40% SR: and 60% BP. The leaf anatomical characteristics observed are typical of epiphytic orchids adapted to water-poor environments, which indicates that SR did not negatively affect the development of the species. The in vitro propagation of C. nobilior as described herein is efficient for its multiplication for commercial and conservation purposes and SS can be used as an alternative component of the substrate for its acclimatization. KEYWORDS: Foliar anatomy, culture media, soybean straw.

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In vitro seed germination and multiplication of Calophyllum brasiliense

Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira ◽

10.4336/2016.pfb.36.87.1168 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (87) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Sheila Susy Silveira ◽

Juliana Degenhardt-Goldbach ◽

Marguerite Germaine Ghislaine Quoirin

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Nodal Segment ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Fungal Contamination ◽

Natural Reproduction ◽

Calophyllum Brasiliense ◽

Free Rate

Calophyllum brasiliense is a tree species with limited natural reproduction. In vitro germination may be an alternative for obtaining high-quality seedlings. Seeds were maintained in water before surface disinfestation and compared with control seeds (i.e. not immersed), without differences between treatments. HgCl2 used during surface-disinfestation reduced contamination rates of cultures. Fungal contamination was reduced with fungicide added to culture medium (23 to 6.4%), although bacterial contamination increased (24 to 36%). In another experiment, seeds were immersed in plant preservative mixture (PPM™) prior to surface disinfestation. By combining immersion for 48 h and 2 mL L-1 in culture medium, contamination was only 6%. Seeds immersion in GA3 prior to surface disinfestation reduced root formation as concentration increased. Germination rate and GSI were reduced, respectively, from 72% and 0.129 (24 h) to 60% and 0.092 (48 h) according to exposure time to GA3. After 90 days in multiplication medium containing benzylaminopurine, average number of shoots per nodal segment was 3.4. In conclusion, in vitro germination of C. brasiliense seeds is feasible in sucrose-free WPM medium and reaches a high contamination-free rate (up to 93.3%).

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In vitro pollen germination and pollen viability in passion fruit (Passiflora spp.)

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/s0100-29452013000400023 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 1116-1126 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Taliane Leila Soares ◽

Onildo Nunes de Jesus ◽

Janay Almeida dos Santos-Serejo ◽

Eder Jorge de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Pollen Germination ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽

Histochemical Analysis ◽

High Viability ◽

Three Stages

The use of Passiflora species for ornamental purposes has been recently developed, but little is known about pollen viability and the potential for crossing different species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pollen viability of six Passiflora species collected from different physiological stages of development through in vitro germination and histochemical analysis using dyes. The pollen was collected in three stages (pre-anthesis, anthesis and post-anthesis). Three compositions of culture medium were used to evaluate the in vitro germination, and two dyes (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, or TTC, and Lugol's solution) were used for the histochemical analysis. The culture medium containing 0.03% Ca(NO3) 4H2O, 0.02% of Mg(SO4 ).7H2O, 0.01% of KNO3, 0,01% of H3BO3, 15% sucrose, and 0.8% agar, pH 7.0, showed a higher percentage of pollen grains germinated. Anthesis is the best time to collect pollen because it promotes high viability and germination. The Lugol's solution and TTC dye overestimated the viability of pollen, as all accessions showed high viability indices when compared with the results obtained in vitro.

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SYNCHRONIZING THE in vitro GERMINATION OF Psidium guineense Sw. SEEDS BY MEANS OF OSMOTIC PRIMING

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/0100-67622016000400008 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 649-660 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Márcia Adriana Carvalho dos Santos ◽

Mailson Monteiro do Rego ◽

Manoel Abilio de Queiroz ◽

Bárbara França Dantas ◽

Wagner Campos Otoni

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Potassium Nitrate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Peg 6000 ◽

Caatinga Biome ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Positive Effect

ABSTRACT The Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense Swartz) is seed-propagated and, being native to the Caatinga biome, may frequently have uneven germination.Thus, we aimed to evaluate the synchronization of the in vitro seed germination of three accessions of the Brazilian guava, using water, polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) at different potentials and times of osmotic priming. Seeds from three accessions of the Brazilian guava (Y85, Y93,and Y97) from the UNEB/BA Germplasm Active Bank were subjected to the following pretreatments: -0.6, -1.0, -1.4, and -1,8 MPa PEG 6000; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 24h; 10 and 20% KNO3 for 48h; water for 24 and 48h; and non-primed seeds as the control. The experimental design was therefore a 10x3+1 factorial scheme. We assessed the germination percentage (G), mean germination time (MGT), germination speed (GS), and germination speed index (GSI). Data was subjected to analysis of variance followed by a means test (Duncan at 5% probability) and regression. There was interaction between the priming treatments and accessions for all evaluated features, except G. PEG 6000 decreased the MGT (from 6 to 8 days) and increased GS and GSI of seeds from all three accessions at potentials -1.0 to -1.5 MPa.Water-priming had a positive effect on MGT, GS, and GSI of accession Y85 seeds. KNO3 negatively affected germination of seeds from all three accessions. Thereby, we could synchronize seed germination of accessions Y85 and Y97 with PEG 6000.

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In vitro propagation of Campomanesia rufa: An endangered fruit species

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-70542018424011018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 372-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cecília Ramos de Oliveira Sant’Ana ◽

Renato Paiva ◽

Michele Valquíria dos Reis ◽

Diogo Pedrosa Corrêa da Silva ◽

Luciano Coutinho Silva

Keyword(s):

Culture Medium ◽

Callus Formation ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Shoot Elongation ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Number Of Shoots

ABSTRACT The Campomanesia rufa is a fruitful species native from Brazil considered as endangered by the IUC (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and low information regarding its propagation is available. In this context, the aim of the present study was to develop in vitro germination, micropropagation and callogenesis protocols for the species. For in vitro germination, seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with GA3 (gibberellic acid) and for shoot induction, the medium was supplemented with three different cytokinins BA (benzyladenine), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) or TDZ (Thidiazuron). For shoot growth, culture medium containing BA, BAP, TDZ were maintained under white fluorescent lamps and blue:red light-emitting diodes (LED). GA3 was also tested on in vitro shoot elongation. For oxidation control, the medium was supplemented with PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and for callus induction, 2.4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The results showed 68% germination regardless of GA3 concentration. In the propagation stage, BAP at 4.5 µM induced a higher number of shoots (4.53) and LED lamps as the light source combined with the culture medium with 1 μM BAP induced a higher number of shoots (4.08). The highest average of C. rufa length (31.9 mm) was obtained using 8.8 µM GA3. The use of PVP (584.3 uM) controls up to 27.3% oxidation in young leaf explants. The use of 10 µM 2.4-D leads to a higher callus formation (58.7 %). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of BAP is efficient in the induction of shoots, PVP controls oxidation leaf segments, and 2.4-D induces callus in C. rufa.

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Does soaking time during disinfestation affect germination rates in Dendrobium?

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n1a2020-42131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jose Carlos Sorgato ◽

Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽

Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon ◽

Suzana Targanski Sajovic Pereira ◽

Débora De Freitas Brotto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Culture Medium ◽

Culture Media ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Soaking Time ◽

Growth Room ◽

Aseptic Conditions ◽

Species Specific

Asymbiotic germination is considered an efficient and viable technique that can increase germination rates. The effect of type and concentration of disinfestants, and the exposure time to disinfestants may differ according to the plant species. Therefore, species-specific standardization of disinfestation agent and procedure is necessary to achieve optimal germination rates. The objective of this study was to determine a disinfestation methodology to increase in vitro germination rates and the early development of seedlings of Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium phalaenopsis, using different times for seed disinfestation and different culture media. Seeds were disinfected by soaking in a 0.8% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 or 15 min under aseptic conditions, after which seed suspensions were either washed with water or left unwashed. Next, they were seeded in culture flasks containing four different culture media (MS, ½MS, K, and VW). The flasks were then transferred to a growth room under controlled photoperiod and temperature, where they remained under an irradiance of 20 μmol m-2 s-1. Germination rates of the species were evaluated 45 days after placement in the culture flasks. A higher germination rate was observed when the seeds were triple washed, regardless of the culture medium or soaking time. Seed soaking disinfestation for 5 min is also recommended. MS and ½MS media were the most effective culture media in promoting in vitro germination of the species under study.

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In Vitro Adventitious Rooting of Carrizo Citrange Microshoots

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.45.6.988 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 988-990 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Almudena Montoliu ◽

Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas ◽

Rosa M. Pérez-Clemente

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Basal Medium ◽

Poncirus Trifoliata ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Root Induction ◽

Carrizo Citrange

The objective of this work was to develop an efficient in vitro rooting protocol for one of the most commercially used citrus rootstocks in Spain, Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.). Single-node cuttings taken from greenhouse-grown plants were cultured in petri dishes containing basal Murashige and Skoog medium. Shoots from nodal stem segments were excised and cultured in a multiplication medium (basal medium supplemented with 1.8 μM 6-benzylaminopurine) to promote the development of axillary buds. Individual shoots (15 mm long) were treated with different hormones at several concentrations for root induction evaluations. The addition of activated charcoal (AC) to the culture medium was also explored. The addition of auxins to the culture medium enhanced rooting percentage. Optimal results were obtained when 1-naphthalene acetic acid (10.8 μM) and gibberellic acid (0.3 μM) were added to the culture medium. The addition of AC to the rooting medium resulted in negative effects on the percentage of rooted shoots but had a positive effect on number of roots per rooted shoot. Chemical names used: activated charcoal (AC); 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); gibberellic acid (GA3); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)

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Modified Medium to Improve Somatic Tissue to be Used in Callogenesis

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.872c ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 872C-872

Author(s):

G.R. de L. Fortes ◽

A.M. R. Vieira ◽

D.L. Leite

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Somaclonal Variation ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Leaf Development ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Somatic Tissue ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Bud Formation

Somaclonal variation has been one way to create variants that could be used in the breeding programs. However, initial explants may not be useful if they show small leaves or nondeveloped stems. The aim of this work was to find a tissue culture medium so that potato shoots cultured in vitro could regenerate somatic material for use in trials aimed at somaclonal variation. Shoots of `Baronesa' and `Monte Bonito' were inoculated in media with or without activated charcoal (3.0 g–liter–1), BAP (1.0 g–liter–1), and different MS salt concentrations (50%, 75%, and 100%). After 30 days in controlled conditions (25C, 16-h photoperiod, and 2000 lux), BAP with activated charcoal improved the percentage of dry matter, and at higher MS salt concentrations, a better response was achieved for `Monte Bonito'. However, the presence of activated charcoal improved leaf development and stimulated higher shoot and bud formation, especially for `Monte Bonito'. This somatic material can be used to initiate callogenesis trials successfully.

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