scholarly journals Inheritance of the characters related to flower formation, blooming and fertilisation in apple

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Soltész
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Good Chance ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Maternal Parent ◽  
Paternal Effect ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Long Shoots

On the base of observations performed during a period of 20 years the blooming characters-of apple varieties and their progenies the following statements are actual. In blooming dynamics there was no difference between paternal and maternal effects. In the assignment to blooming time groups, the paternal effect prevailed whereas in the tendency of flower initiation on long shoots maternal parent was more decisive. Varieties as 'Golden Delicious'. 'Jonathan', 'Red Delicious', 'Rome Beauty' and 'Staymared' and their respective, naturally raised mutants did not differ in blooming characters. The possibility of predicting the relation to blooming time groups of early (July, August) ripening individuals is low, whereas late (September. October) ripening ones have a good chance to be medium late in blooming time.  

scholarly journals Compost application in integrated and organic fruit cultivation

2012 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Anita Szabó ◽  
István Gonda ◽  
Inre Vágó
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
One Year ◽  
Organic Fruit

Nowadays the success vegetable and fruit production are unimaginable without regular nutrient management. One of the ways to supply the required nutrients in an environmentally friendly way is the application of composts, which is less widespread so far. Compost doses were applied in biological and integrated apple orchards in cooperation with the Institute of Horticultural Science in the years 2010 and 2011. Different changes were resulted by the compost treatments in the examined parameters in case of both apple varieties (Golden Delicious and Pinova). There is no clear effect of compost on the changes of ash-, total acids, Vitamin C and the sugar content until now, because the improvement of the nutritional indicators takes more time. However significant differences were observed after one year between the apple varieties. Higher ash-, total acids and sugar content were measured in case of the apple variety Pinova, while the measurements showed higher Vitamin C content in case of the variety Golden Delicious.

Genetic variability in time to germination of sugar-beet clusters

1971 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Battle ◽  
W. J. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Wild Form ◽  
Maternal Parent ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Heritability Estimates

SUMMARYAn analysis of germination characteristics of progeny from a diallel cross between five sugar-beet plants showed that the genotype of the maternal parent controlled to a marked extent the behaviour of the progeny. This may be related to the presence in the fruits of inhibitory substances.Some evidence was found for genie and maternal interactions but these were always of less importance than the maternal effects. Heritability estimates from parent, off spring regression and analysis of half-sib family variances demonstrated that genetic variation for germination characteristics had not been eliminated during the improvement of sugar beet from the wild form.

scholarly journals Análisis de parámetros fisicoquímicos, compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante en piel, pulpa y fruto entero de cinco cultivares de manzana (Malus domestica) cosechadas en México//Analysis of physicochemical parameters, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of peel, pulp and whole fruit of five apple varieties (Malus domestica) harvested in Mexico

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Lizbeth Sandra Corona Leo ◽  
Diana Maylet Hernández-Martínez ◽  
Ofelia Gabriela Meza-Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Golden Delicious

La manzana es fuente de compuestos polifenólicos con propiedades antioxidantes que tienen efectos protectores para la salud humana. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar los sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez total (AT), pH, compuestos fenólicos totales (CFT), contenido total de flavonoides (CTF), contenido total de antocianinas (CTA) y capacidad antioxidante (ABTS y DPPH) en cinco variedades de manzana cultivadas en México. Los resultados indican que, en todas las variedades de manzana, los CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS y DPPH se encuentran en mayor cantidad en la piel, seguido por el fruto entero y pulpa. En la manzana Golden delicious y en la pulpa de todos los cultivares no se detectaron antocianinas. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP) indica que los SST y AT están asociados a la pulpa y fruto entero, mientras que los CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS y DPPH están asociados a la piel del fruto. Los CFT y CTA presentaron correlación positiva (r: 0.72-0.83) con el método DPPH en piel, mientras que el ensayo ABTS tuvo correlación positiva (r: 0.75-0.89) con CFT y CTF en piel. Los SST, AT, pH, CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS y DPPH varían dependiendo del cultivar, región geográfica y parte del fruto.ABSTRACTApples are a source of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties that have protective effects on human health. The objective of this work was to determine total soluble solids (SST), total acidity (AT), pH, total phenolic compounds (CFT), total flavonoid content (CTF), total anthocyanin content (CTA) and antioxidant capacity (ABTS and DPPH) of five apple varieties harvested in Mexico. Results indicate that CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS and DPPH are distributed in the following order: peel, whole fruit, pulp. In the Golden delicious variety and in the pulp of all apple varieties no anthocyanins were detected. The ACP indicates that SST and AT are associated with pulp and whole fruit, while CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS and DPPH are associated with the peel of the fruit. The CFT and CTA showed a positive correlation (r: 0.72-0.83) with the DPPH method in peel, while the ABTS assay had a positive correlation (r: 0.75-0.89) with CFT and CTF in peel. The SST, AT, pH, CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS and DPPH vary depending on the cultivar, geographic region and part of the fruit.

scholarly journals Phloridzin as a marker for evaluation of fruit products authenticity

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Magdaléna Hrubá ◽  
Josef Baxant ◽  
Helena Čížková ◽  
Veronika Smutná ◽  
František Kovařík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Suitable Marker ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Apple Puree ◽  
Apple Purée

Abstract: Phloridzin (phloretin-2'-O-glucoside) is a phenolic compound characteristic of the genus Malus. This study aimed to evaluate phloridzin as a marker of undeclared addition of apples in fruit products. To test this proposal, the heat and oxidation stability of phloridzin was firstly confirmed. Then the distribution and variability of phloridzin in apples were studied, showing no difference between the tested apple varieties (Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Rubin and Champion) but a significant difference in phloridzin content in seeds (2 380 ± 755 mg kg<sup>–1</sup>) compared to peel, flesh and core, which contained less than 70 mg kg<sup>–1</sup>. The effects of different stages of apple purée production at an industrial scale were also investigated. The kinetics of phloridzin diffusion from seeds to apple homogenate played an important role in the final phloridzin content in 16 analysed apple purées (26–39 mg kg<sup>–1</sup>). Finally, the survey of phloridzin content in 31 fruit products in the market was carried out. Phloridzin was also measured in eight jams and fillings which did not declare the presence of apples on their labels; findings from 2 to 6 mg kg<sup>–1 </sup>indicate the addition of apples from 5% to 20%. It was confirmed that phloridzin appears to be a suitable marker for detecting the undeclared presence of apples, which are a cheap substitute for the declared fruit types.

Development of a hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) simulation model 2.The flowering response of two hemp cultivars to photoperiod

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Lisson ◽  
N. J. Mendham ◽  
P. S. Carberry
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Thermal Time ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Harvest Maturity

The duration from sowing to flowering is an important determinant of fibre yield potential in hemp, since maximum stem yield occurs shortly after flowering. As a short-day plant, daylength has a key influence on the timing of flowering in hemp. This paper reports on studies into the effect of photoperiod on the thermal time duration from sowing to flowering for 2 hemp cultivars, and develops parameters to enable simulation of post-emergent phenology in the hemp model described in the final paper of this series. The hemp model divides the post-emergent period into a vegetative phase that ends at floral initiation, aflower development phase (FDP) between flower initiation and appearance, and a short phase between first flower appearance and harvest maturity (male anthesis). The vegetative phase is further divided into a temperature-dependent basic vegetative phase (BVP) and a daylength-dependent photoperiod induced phase (PIP). For a short-day plant, the duration of PIP is assumed to be zero degree days at daylengths below a base or maximum optimum photoperiod (MOP). Daylengths in excess of the MOP lead to an increase in thermal time within PIP, the duration of which is determined by a genotype’s photoperiod sensitivity (PS). Two hemp genotypes, Kompolti and Futura 77, were exposed to 6 different photoperiod regimes ranging from 8 to 16 h in a growth chamber. Thermal time durations from emergence to flower initiation and first flower formation (harvest) were calculated from thermograph plots. The flowering responses for the 2 cultivars were typical for a short-day plant, with flowering occurring rapidly in daylengths less than about 14 h and with increasing delay at longer photoperiods. With the exception of a longer thermal time duration from flower formation to harvest maturity in the case of Kompolti, the 2 cultivars had similar values for the key phenology parameters. Respectively, for Futura and Kompolti: BVP was 383˚Cd and 390˚Cd, MOP was 14 h and 13.8 h, PS was 266˚Cd/h and 252˚Cd/h, and FDP was 76.8˚Cd and 80.2˚Cd.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Starch and Total Sugars during Fruit Development for Ionathan, Starkrimson and Golden Delicious Apple Varieties

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Andruţa Mureşan ◽  
Sevastiţa Muste ◽  
Romina Alina Vlaic ◽  
Crina Carmen Mureşan ◽  
Constantin Gheorghe Cerbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Golden Delicious
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