Prevalence of Carotid Artery Disease and Risk Factors in Asymptomatic Thai Population using Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography at the Check-up Clinic, Health Promotion Center at Bangkok Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chanpong Tangkanakul
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Duplex Ultrasonography ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Carotid Duplex ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography

scholarly journals Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 stimulation elicits an enhanced inflammatory response in human obese patients with atherosclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent P.W. Scholtes ◽  
Dik Versteeg ◽  
Jean-Paul P.M. de Vries ◽  
Imo E. Hoefer ◽  
Arjan H. Schoneveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Cd11b Expression ◽  
Activation Marker ◽  
Artery Disease

The innate immune response elicited by activation of TLRs (Toll-like receptors) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the activation status of the innate immune system. We therefore assessed the responsiveness of TLRs on circulating cells in two groups of patients with established atherosclerosis and related this to the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. TNF (tumour necrosis factor)-α release induced by TLR2 and TLR4 activation was measured in patients with established coronary [PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) study, n=78] or carotid artery disease [CEA (carotid endarterectomy) study, n=104], by stimulating whole blood samples with lipopolysaccharide (TLR4 ligand) and Pam3CSK4 [tripalmitoylcysteinylseryl-(lysyl)4; TLR2 ligand]. As an early activation marker, CD11b expression was measured by flow cytometry on CD14+ cells. Obesity was the ‘only’ risk factor that correlated with the TLR response. In both studies, obese patients had significantly higher TNF-α levels after stimulation of TLR2 compared with non-obese patients [16.9 (7.7–49.4) compared with 7.5 (1.5–19.2) pg/ml (P=0.008) in coronary artery disease and 14.6 (8.1–28.4) compared with 9.5 (6.1–15.7) pg/ml (P=0.015) in carotid artery disease; values are medians (interquartile range)]. Similar results were obtained following TLR4 stimulation. The enhanced inflammatory state in obese patients was also confirmed by a significant increased expression of the activation marker CD11b on circulating monocytes. In conclusion, obesity is associated with an enhanced TLR response in patients suffering from established atherosclerotic disease.

Common Carotid Artery Stump Syndrome Due to Mobile Thrombus Detected by Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. e205-e207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shusaku Omoto ◽  
Yuki Hasegawa ◽  
Kenichiro Sakai ◽  
Hiromasa Matsuno ◽  
Ayumi Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Duplex Ultrasonography ◽  
Carotid Duplex ◽  
Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography

scholarly journals Nontraditional Risk Factors in Carotid Artery Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep G. Ozturk ◽  
Hakan Ekmekci ◽  
Ozlem B. Ekmekci ◽  
Pinar Atukeren ◽  
Ilknur Butun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Carotid Artery Plaque ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Factor Α

Carotid atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the main risk factors for ischemic stroke. Our aim is to evaluate the nontraditional biochemical markers in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with carotid artery plaque. This study was conducted on 55 patients: 43 with symptomatic and 12 with asymptomatic carotid artery disease. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), homocysteine, adiponectin, nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels were measured in the plasma. The mean of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and homocysteine levels was significantly elevated in the symptomatic group as compared with the asymptomatic group (P = .03). In the asymptomatic group, adiponectin and NO levels showed elevations as compared with the symptomatic group but this increase was not significant (P > .05). Lipoprotein (a) and TNF-α levels acted inversely with adiponectin and NO. There was an insignificant decline in Lp(a) and TNF-α levels in the asymptomatic group as compared with the symptomatic group (P > .05).

scholarly journals Carotid Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients

PRILOZI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijan Bosevski
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Symptomatic Carotid ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractThere are two points of view on the interplay between carotid artery disease and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus has been recognized as one of the main determinants for the presence and progression of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery disease; and carotid intima-media thickness has been defined as a useful tool for risk stratification of this population.Hyperglycaemia, duration of diabetes, arterial hypertension, cholesterol and inflammatory markers have previously been determined as independent factors for carotid atherosclerosis in diabetes, and aging as its predictor in this population by our own results. This paper focuses on the particularities of risk factors in diabetic patients (especially in type 2) and evidence-based guidelines for the management and risk reduction of these patients with stroke and/or carotid artery disease.At present, carotid ultrasound is recommended in diabetic patients with cerebrovascular symptoms. Since the prevalence of diabetes increases constantly, we attempt to address refreshment of criteria for screening of carotid artery disease in the diabetic population. It could be recommended for diabetic patients with at least one more risk factors and for diabetic patients above 60 years of age.

scholarly journals The Role of Intraindividual Carotid Artery Variation in the Development of Atherosclerotic Carotid Artery Disease: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Shawn Stefan Albers ◽  
Andrew Stanton Kucey ◽  
Anish Engineer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Anatomic Variations ◽  
Bifurcation Angle ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Carotid artery disease (CAD) is associated with numerous risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. These systemic risk factors do not affect the carotid arteries equally in most patients, resulting in asymmetrical bilateral and unilateral CAD. It is unclear if anatomic variations in the carotid arteries predispose an individual to formation of atherosclerotic CAD. We wanted to assess (1) the inter-individual or intra-individual anatomical variations in the carotid arteries and (2) whether anatomical variations predispose the development of atherosclerotic CAD. PubMed and Medline were utilized to identify relevant literature for critical appraisal, summarization and documentation. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to narrow results and articles were critically appraised and analyzed. Evidence suggests that a low outflow/inflow ratio, elevated bifurcation height, and bifurcation angle are associated with increased risk for CAD. Sex and age demonstrated positive correlation with the disease. Additionally, tortuosity and kinking of the carotid arteries may affect the formation of CAD but coiling of the arteries is a natural age-dependent process and does not affect CAD development. This review suggests there are anatomic variations in the carotid arteries that increase the risk of developing carotid artery disease. The most significant risk factors include a low outflow/inflow ratio, increased internal carotid artery tortuosity, elevated bifurcation height, and bifurcation angle.

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