The Effect of a Botanical Plant Extract on Gut Health, Immunity and Metabolic Disorders in Healthy Adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Gut Health

scholarly journals Preliminary Evidence That Lectins in Infant Soy Formula Apparently Bind Bovine Milk Exosomes and Prevent Their Absorption in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Mutai ◽  
Alice Ngu ◽  
Janos Zempleni
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Lectin Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Reverse Transcription Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

Abstract Background: Milk exosomes and their microRNA (miR) cargos are bioavailable. The content of exosomes and miRs is negligible in infant formulas compared to human milk, and dietary depletion of exosomes led to changes in bacterial communities and impaired gut health in juvenile mice. Adverse effects of formula feeding may be compounded by using soy formulas due to exosome binding by abundant lectins in that matrix. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability of milk exosomes and their miR cargos added to soy formula in adults, as well as the potential role of soy lectins in exosome bioavailability.Methods: Eleven healthy adults (6 men, 5 women) enrolled in this randomized crossover study. Participants consumed 1.0 liter of soy formula without (SF) or with (SFE) bovine milk exosomes added. Concentration-time curves of six plasma miRs were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Lectin affinity chromatography was used to assess the binding of exosomes by soy lectins. Data were analyzed by using paired t test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Consumption of SF and SFE did not elicit postprandial increases in plasma miRs. Approximately 39% of bovine milk exosome particles were retained by lectin columns.Conclusions: We conclude that fortification of soy formulas with milk exosomes, in the absence of removing lectins, is not a viable strategy for delivering bioavailable exosomes and their miR cargos. Lectins in soy formulas bind glycoprotein on the surfaces of milk exosomes, thereby preventing exosome absorption.Trial RegistrationISRCTN registry ID: 16329971. Retrospectively registered on February 7th, 2019.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal effects of resistant starch, soluble maize fibre and pullulan in healthy adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1068-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby S. Klosterbuer ◽  
Meredith A. J. Hullar ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Elizabeth Traylor ◽  
Johanna W. Lampe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Fibre has been shown to exert a number of benefits on gastrointestinal (GI) health, yet its intake is low. Addition of novel fibres to food products may increase fibre intake and improve gut health. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of three novel fibres on GI outcomes in healthy human subjects. A total of twenty healthy participants (ten men and ten women) with normal BMI (23 (sem 2) kg/m2) participated in the present randomised, double-blind, cross-over study with five treatment periods. Participants consumed a maltodextrin control or 20–25 g/d fibre from soluble maize fibre (SCF) or resistant starch (RS), alone or in combination with pullulan (SCF+P and RS+P). The treatment periods were 7 d with a 3-week washout between the periods. Stool samples were collected on day 7 of each period, and GI tolerance was assessed via a questionnaire on days 1 and 6. There were no treatment differences in stool weight or consistency. SCF significantly reduced stool pH and increased total SCFA production compared with RS and control. RS+P significantly increased the percentage of butyrate compared with all the other treatments. Overall, GI symptoms were minimal. SCF+P led to the highest GI score on day 1, while RS+P had the highest score on day 6. Both SCF treatments caused a significant shift in the gut microbial community. These functional fibres are generally well tolerated, have minimal effects on laxation and may lead to beneficial changes in SCFA production in healthy adults.

scholarly journals Administration of a novel plant extract product via drinking water to post-weaning piglets: effects on performance and gut health

animal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bontempo ◽  
X.R. Jiang ◽  
F. Cheli ◽  
L. Lo Verso ◽  
G. Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaning Piglets

scholarly journals Impact of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Consumption on Gut Health Markers in Healthy Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Hess ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Trevor Gould ◽  
Joanne Slavin
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Breath Hydrogen ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Stool Weight ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tolerance ◽  
Meat Diet

Eating Agaricus bisporus mushrooms may impact gut health, because they contain known prebiotics. This study assessed mushroom consumption compared to meat on gastrointestinal tolerance, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, laxation, and fecal microbiota. A randomized open-label crossover study was conducted in healthy adults (n = 32) consuming protein-matched amounts of mushrooms or meat twice daily for ten days. Breath hydrogen measures were taken on day one, and gastrointestinal tolerance was evaluated throughout treatments. Fecal sample collection was completed days 6–10, and samples were assessed for bacterial composition, SCFA concentrations, weight, pH, and consistency. There were no differences in breath hydrogen, stool frequency, consistency, fecal pH, or SCFA concentrations between the two diets. The mushroom diet led to greater overall gastrointestinal symptoms than the meat diet on days one and two. The mushroom-rich diet resulted in higher average stool weight (p = 0.002) and a different fecal microbiota composition compared to the meat diet, with greater abundance of Bacteroidetes (p = 0.0002) and lower abundance of Firmicutes (p = 0.0009). The increase in stool weight and presence of undigested mushrooms in stool suggests that mushroom consumption may impact laxation in healthy adults. Additional research is needed to interpret the health implications of fecal microbiota shifts with mushroom feeding.

scholarly journals Effect of Whole Cell Algae Fermentate on Gut Health and Microbiome in Healthy Adults with Mild Gastrointestinal Issues: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Chen ◽  
Traci Blonquist ◽  
Sailendharan Sudakaran ◽  
Eunice Mah ◽  
Kathleen Kelley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Wechsler Memory Scale, Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test, and Everyday Memory Questionnaire in Healthy Adults and Alzheimer Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Efklides ◽  
Efterpi Yiultsi ◽  
Theopisti Kangellidou ◽  
Fotini Kounti ◽  
Fotini Dina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Semantic Memory ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Everyday Memory ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Everyday Memory Questionnaire ◽  
Behavioral Memory ◽  
Memory Questionnaire

Summary: The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is a laboratory-based memory test that has been criticized for its lack of ecological validity and for not testing long-term memory. A more recent memory test, which aims at testing everyday memory, is the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT); it tests prospective memory and other forms of memory not tapped by WMS. However, even this test does not capture all aspects of everyday memory problems often reported by adults. These problems are the object of the Everyday Memory Questionnaire (EMQ). This study aimed at identifying the relationships between these three memory tests. The differential effect of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on the above relationships was also studied. The sample consisted of 233 healthy adults (20 to 75+ years of age) and 39 AD patients (50 to 75 years of age). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the following latent factors: Verbal Memory, Visual Reconstruction, Orientation, Message (action embedded in spatial context), Visual Recognition, Spatial Memory, New Learning/Association Forming, Prospective/Episodic Memory, and Metamemory. These first-order factors were further explained by two second-order factors: Semantic Memory and Coordination of Semantic and Visuo-Spatial Memory. This basic structure was preserved in the sample of AD patients, although AD patients performed less well on the WMS and the RBMT. Some interesting findings regarding semantic memory, face recognition, and metamemory in AD patients are also reported. Age, education, but no gender effects on memory performance were also detected.

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