Brief Acceptance-Based Retention Intervention for Newly Diagnosed HIV Patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Retention Intervention

scholarly journals Feasibility of Cell-Free DNA Collection and Clonal Immunoglobulin Sequencing in South African Patients With HIV-Associated Lymphoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 611-621
Author(s):  
Samantha L. Vogt ◽  
Moosa Patel ◽  
Atul Lakha ◽  
Vinitha Philip ◽  
Tanvier Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Free Dna

PURPOSE Diagnosis of AIDS lymphoma in low-resource settings, like South Africa, is often delayed, leaving patients with limited treatment options. In tuberculosis (TB) endemic regions, overlapping signs and symptoms often lead to diagnostic delays. Assessment of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) by next-generation sequencing (NGS) may expedite the diagnosis of lymphoma but requires high-quality cfDNA. METHODS People living with HIV with newly diagnosed aggressive B-cell lymphoma and those with newly diagnosed TB seeking care at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and its surrounding clinics, in Soweto, South Africa, were enrolled in this study. Each participant provided a whole blood specimen collected in cell-stabilizing tubes. Quantity and quality of plasma cfDNA were assessed. NGS of the immunoglobulin heavy chain was performed. RESULTS Nine HIV+ patients with untreated lymphoma and eight HIV+ patients with TB, but without lymphoma, were enrolled. All cfDNA quantity and quality metrics were similar between the two groups, except that cfDNA accounted for a larger fraction of recovered plasma DNA in patients with lymphoma. The concentration of cfDNA in plasma also trended higher in patients with lymphoma. NGS of immunoglobulin heavy chain showed robust amplification of DNA, with large amplicons (> 250 bp) being more readily detected in patients with lymphoma. Clonal sequences were detected in five of nine patients with lymphoma, and none of the patients with TB. CONCLUSION This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that whole blood collected for cfDNA in a low-resource setting is suitable for sophisticated sequencing analyses, including clonal immunoglobulin NGS. The detection of clonal sequences in more than half of patients with lymphoma shows promise as a diagnostic marker that may be explored in future studies.

scholarly journals The prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in newly diagnosed HIV patients in a Southwest London cohort

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheel Patel ◽  
Gee Yen Shin ◽  
Ishan Wijewardana ◽  
Sasiri Rivinda Vitharana ◽  
Ian Cormack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Patients

scholarly journals Multiple gaps in care common among newly diagnosed HIV patients

AIDS Care ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aadia I. Rana ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Fizza S. Gillani ◽  
Rebecca Reece ◽  
Erna M. Kojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Patients

scholarly journals Prevalence of HCV Infection in Newly-Diagnosed HIV Patients in the City of Belém, Pará, Brazil: A Preliminary Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 3266-3270
Author(s):  
Márcio Nahum Lobo ◽  
Jessica Leticia Santos Barata ◽  
Ronald Ferreira de Jesus ◽  
Julimar Benedita Gomes de Oliveira ◽  
Pedro Leão Fontes Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Determination of Serum IL-8, CD4+ and CD8+ in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
HM Alhassan ◽  
MH Yeldu ◽  
M Kabir ◽  
M Abubakar ◽  
A Isiyaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
P Value ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Mean

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is associated with a decline of immunity and progression to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This current study was aimed at evaluating the serum level of Interleukin-8 (IL-8), CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells counts among newly diagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive adults in Sokoto-Nigeria. Materials and methods: A total of 60 adults were enrolled into the study, comprising of 30 newly diagnosed HIV seropositive subjects and 30 age-and sex-matched apparently healthy controls. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were enumerated using flow cytometry. Serum IL-8 was analyzed using ELISA kit. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical package. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant in all statistical comparisons. Results: The mean of CD4+ (632.63 ± 34.83 cells/μl), CD8+ (579.98 ± 30.74 cells/μl) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.10 ± 0.03 cells/μl) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in controls compared to newly diagnosed HIV patients (160.60 ± 29.47 cells/μl, 521.10 ± 46.34cells/μl and 0.32 ± 0.52 respectively. The mean of IL-8 (6.56 ± 0.09 pg/ml) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in controls compared to newly diagnosed patient IL-8 (6.60 ± 0.07 pg/ml). There were insignificant negative correlation between IL-8 and CD4+ (r = -0.064, p > 0.05) as well as CD8+ (r = -0.074, p > 0.05) in controls. And conversely, an insignificant positive correlation occurred between IL-8 and CD4+ (r = 0.025, p > 0.05) as well as CD8+ (r = 0.016, p > 0.05) in newly diagnosed HIV patients. Moreover, it has also shown a statistically insignificant positive correlation between IL-8 and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (r = 0.039, p > 0.05) in controls compared to newly diagnosed HIV patients where it shows a statistically insignificant negative correlation between the IL-8 and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (r = -0.076, p > 0.05). Conclusion: It could be concluded that, both CD4+, CD4+/ CD8+ ratio in newly diagnosed HIV patients are significantly decrease compared to controls (p < 0.05), while serum IL-8 was significantly increased, the serum levels of IL-8 did not correlate with CD4+ T-cells and CD8+ T-cells population, as well as CD4+/CD8+ ratio.

scholarly journals Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus With Glycated Haemoglobin in Newly Diagnosed HIV-positive Patients in Buffalo City Municipality, South Africa: A Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Olufunso O. Sogbanmu ◽  
Larry O. Obi ◽  
Daniel T. Goon ◽  
Anthony Okoh ◽  
Benson Iweriebor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The HbA1c estimates long-term glycaemic control in individuals. However, scanty data exist on the determination of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in newly diagnosed HIV patients using the HbA1c screening tool in the South African context. Thus, this study examines the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in newly diagnosed HIV-positive patients in Buffalo City Municipality, East London, South Africa. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of 335 newly HIV-diagnosed patients between August 2016 and July 2017. Demographic (age, gender, residence, employment status and level of education) and behavioural variables (smoking and alcohol use (past 30 days)) were by self-reporting. Information on HbA1c and other clinical variables were obtained from the medical records of the patients. Diabetes mellitus was defined based on the Society for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa (SEMDSA) 2017 guideline of HbA1c of above 6.5%. Weight and height were measured using standard protocols. Logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the predictors of abnormal glycated haemoglobin. Results: Majority of the participants were female (72%). The prevalence of patients with HbA1c greater than 6.5% was 6%. The multivariate analysis indicates only age (p=0.031) and race (0.019) significantly shows a correlation to increase the risk of development of DM in newly diagnosed HIV positive patients. The binary logistic regression analysis shows that age (above 46 years) (p=0.001; AOR (6.60); CI (2.08-20.9) was directly related to the development of DM. Conclusion: Consistent with other studies, the exclusive non-fasting HbA1c, which is a marker of glycaemic control, only underestimate glycemia in HIV patients with diabetes in this present study. Notwithstanding, HIV patients who are over 40 years are likely to develop DM. As such, screening older individuals diagnosed with HIV is crucial in offering a timely point of care and interventions.

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