scholarly journals Role of Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Pediatric Retroperitoneal Masses: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Gupta Vikrant ◽  
Abrol Deepak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Renal Masses ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct

Objective: Retroperitoneum is one of the largest spaces in the body. Retroperitoneal (RP) masses are common in paediatric age group and present with vague clinical features. Computed Tomography (CT) is an excellent imaging modality in the evaluation of RP masses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CT in the detection and characterization of RP masses. Materials and Methods: 28 clinically suspected or sonographically detected RP masses formed the material of the study. Detailed clinical history was elicited from the patients/attendants and findings of general physical examination recorded. Non-contrast and Contrast Enhanced CT was performed and masses were evaluated with respect to site of origin, consistency, components and pattern of enhancement. Probable CT diagnosis was made and findings correlated with pathological/laboratory findings wherever possible. The results were subjected to statistical analysis and expressed as percentages and proportions.Results: Majority of patients were seen in 1-5 years age group with M:F ratio of 1.8:1. Lump abdomen was the commonest presenting feature followed by pain abdomen. Lymph nodal masses were the commonest primary RP space mass while renal masses accounted for the majority of secondary RP masses in our study. Pathological/Laboratory correlation was available in 21 cases and CT was able to differentiate benign and malignant lesions in 95.2% cases. Overall diagnostic accuracy of CT in the evaluation of RP masses was 85.7%. Conclusions: CT is a simple and reliable tool in diagnosing pediatric RP masses with a high diagnostic accuracy.

scholarly journals ROLE OF MULTI-SLICE SPIRAL CT IN EVALUATION OF NECK MASS WITH CYTOLOGICAL CORRELATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Das Runa ◽  
Aniruddha Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Spiral Ct ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Display Time ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Anatomical Localization

Abstract: The swellings in the neck can be caused by innumerable pathological lesions arising from the various anatomical structures lying therein. Multi-Detector CT (MDCT) has now become the new standard in a radiological imaging modality. The utilization of MDCT has resulted in improved resolution and considerable reductions in scan acquisition and display time. Aim and Objective: This study is an effort to assess the role of MDCT in detection, characterization and diagnosing neck pathologies that correlate cytologically. Material and Methods: A study of 50 cases in a clinically suspected neck mass was studied for 1 year. Contrast-enhanced Ct neck was done and Specific CT criteria were used to characterize the mass so that a probable diagnosis could be made. MDCT diagnoses then compared with cytological results to conclude the efficiency of MDCT analysis of neck mass. Conclusion: Multi-detector computed tomography helps in precise anatomical localization and characterization of neck masses. Hence, it will be a method of choice for initial evaluation, preoperative planning, and biopsy targeting and postoperative follow-up. Key Words: Neck mass; Cervical lymph node; Computed tomography; Carcinoma.

scholarly journals Role of Chest Radiographs during COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Ashu Seith Bhalla ◽  
Manisha Jana ◽  
Priyanka Naranje ◽  
Smita Manchanda
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Severity Assessment ◽  
Current Role ◽  
Feasible Option

AbstractAcross the globe, computed tomography is the most widely used imaging modality mentioned in the published literature on the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, in terms of availability, ease of use, and sanitization of the equipment; chest radiograph is a much more feasible option. However, interpretation of radiographs needs expertise to achieve appropriate diagnostic accuracy. This article will discuss its current role in diagnosis and severity assessment, as well as a systematic approach toward interpretation.

Incidence of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Traumatic Patients using Computed Tomography in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Amna Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Towmader Awad ◽  
Hajer Yousif ◽  
Reem Nahari ◽  
Omnia Abdelrhman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ct Finding

Computed Tomography (CT) is the most commonly used imaging modality in the evaluation of cerebral hemorrhage in the head trauma patients. Objective: To study the incidence of a cerebral hemorrhage in traumatic patients using computed tomography. Method: This retrospective study was conducted at King Khalid hospital in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, in the radiology department, in the period from September 2018 to April 2020. The study was done by collecting 471 CT reports of patients all of them were exposed to head trauma with deferent reasons. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (ver. 20) and presented in tables and graphs according to the checklist which includes: patient age, gender, type of trauma, CT finding, and type of hemorrhage. Results: The most age group suffered from head trauma was less than 20 years percentage (55%), The male patients more exposed to head trauma than female patients with percentage (84.5%), the road traffic accident (RTA) is the most common type of trauma by percentage (63.5%), according to the CT finding; the cerebral hemorrhage represented (15.5%) with the highest percentage in a subdural hematoma (31.2%), the fracture represented (2.8%) while the normal appearance represented (81.7%) as the highest percentage. Conclusion: Most of the traumatic brain injury in patients caused cerebral hemorrhage and the CT scan reports show that: the common type of cerebral hemorrhage is subdural hematoma and it is common in males which exposed to (RTA) in the age group (21 - 40) years old.

scholarly journals Role of multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of abdominal trauma in Sothern Rajasthan, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2350
Author(s):  
Puran . ◽  
Narendra Kumar Kardam
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Abdominal Injury ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Background: Abdominal injury constitutes a significant portion of all blunt and penetrating body injuries. Computed   tomography is an important and fast technique which gives rapid information on the type of abdominal injury and helps in management of the patient accordingly. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) in detection of intra-abdominal injury in patients with blunt abdominal trauma and to provide information that could accurately determine choice of management (non- operative versus operative). And to correlate the computed tomography (CT) findings with either clinical observation, follow up CT scan (if required) or surgical findings (wherever applicable).Methods: A total of 50 patients with abdominal trauma who underwent computed tomography (CT) examination were included. CT findings were compared with surgical findings in operated cases, and in the rest CT findings were compared by clinical outcome.Results: Among the 50 cases studied, all 50 had positive CT findings of abdominal trauma, out of which 24 patients underwent surgery and the remaining were managed conservatively. The age group of the patients was ranging from 8 to 66 years with male predominance. In this study the commonest organs affected were liver and spleen accounting for 48% and 44% respectively.Conclusions: Computed tomography is an important and highly sensitive imaging modality for diagnosis of organ injuries in patients with abdominal trauma and accordingly deciding the management of patient.

Defining the Role of Duplex Ultrasound Assessment to Determine Severity of Arterial Calcification: An Analysis of the Superficial Femoral Artery

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Charlotte Taylor ◽  
Lukasz P. Zielinski ◽  
Mohammed M. Chowdhury ◽  
Patrick A. Coughlin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Gold Standard Method ◽  
Calcification Score

Lower limb arterial calcification associates with poor cardiovascular outcomes. The gold standard method of assessment is via computed tomography, yet duplex is our primary imaging modality. Currently, there is no standardized objective assessment of lower limb arterial calcification using duplex. We aimed to define the role of duplex in the assessment of lower limb arterial calcification. Initial consensus was achieved between a cohort of vascular scientists on objective imaging specific markers of lower limb arterial calcification severity using duplex. This resulted in objective descriptions to grade calcification from 0 to 3 (no calcification through to severe calcification) which formed the duplex lower limb arterial calcification score. Reproducibility of the duplex lower limb arterial calcification score was assessed and further validation was undertaken by comparing the duplex lower limb arterial calcification with computed tomography–based assessment in a separate cohort of 44 patients investigated with both modalities. The intra- and inter-class correlation coefficient were > 0.87 . The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the duplex and CT based arterial calcium measurements was (ρ = 0.644, P < .001). The duplex lower limb arterial calcification score provides a standardized and reproducible modality for assessment of lower limb arterial calcification and may aid with risk stratification in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

scholarly journals Review of the Guidelines For Radiology Practice During COVID -19 Pandemic by Nepal Radiologists’ Association

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Anamika Jha ◽  
Sundar Suwal ◽  
Dan Bahadur Karki ◽  
Ram Kumar Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

Nepal is also affected by Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic which is likely to last for several months. The Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction is the current gold standard diagnostic test. Chest X-ray or Computed Tomography scan is considered inappropriate according to most society recommendations for screening though are emerging as frontline diagnostic modalities in conjunction with clinical history and laboratory parameters.Multiple guidelines have been released by prominent radiological societies worldwide to facilitate preparedness of radiology department in the war against COVID-19. Based on these, the Nepal Radiologists’ Association has proposed its guidelines, endorsed by the Nepal Medical Council, practical in our context, with the aim to limit exposure to the infection while ensuring best use of imaging, protection of health care personnel and other patients and maintenance of uninterrupted radiology department operations.This review article aims to summarize the highlights from various guidelines focusing on role of chest X-ray and Computed Tomography including the indications, specific findings, reporting format and important differentials and also addresses the safety issues.

scholarly journals Role of Computed Tomography Scan in the Evaluation of Pancreatic Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 819-824
Author(s):  
Sharvari Shashikant Gulve ◽  
Pratapsingh Hanumantsingh Parihar ◽  
Rajasbala Pradeep Dhande
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

BACKGROUND Pancreatic lesions range from inflammation to malignancy and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Imaging pancreatic lesion is challenging as pancreas is located retroperitoneally and with close proximity to bowel and major blood vessels. Abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea are commonly reported symptoms. They are associated with high morbidity. Multi detector computed tomography (MDCT) is the modality of choice for detecting pancreatic pathology. It is highly sensitive in detecting necrosis, pancreatitis, peripancreatic fluid collections, calcification, neoplasm, pancreatic enlargement, atrophy and cystic lesions of pancreas. Computed tomography (CT) scan has made it possible to identify and detect various benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. METHODS A prospective observational study of 180 patients with complaints suggestive of pancreatic disease was done based on clinical, laboratory and ultrasonography in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (Meghe). Siemens Somatom 16 slice CT scan machine was used. All 180 patients underwent plain and contrast enhanced CT scan. RESULTS Out of 180 study participants 105 (58.33 %) were with acute pancreatitis followed by 43 (23.89 %) with chronic pancreatitis, 21 (11.67 %) with acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, 10 (5.56 %) participants with carcinoma pancreas and 1 (0.56 %) participant with pancreatic injury participated in the study. CONCLUSIONS Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is an excellent diagnostic modality to stage severity of inflammatory process, staging of neoplastic lesions and traumatic injury. It is most accurate and affordable non-invasive imaging modality for the evaluation of pancreatic lesions. It is a standard investigation to identify and quantify distribution of various pancreatic lesions and also evaluates activeness and progression of disease. Thus, it helps in accurate diagnosis and characterization of lesion and in proper treatment of patients. KEY WORDS Pancreas, Imaging, Computed Tomography

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