scholarly journals STUDY OF SORPTION ACTIVITY OF BIOSORBENTS IN RELATION TO FUMONISIN B1

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
E.Yu. Tarasova ◽  
◽  
A.Sh. Sadykova ◽  
N.N. Mishina ◽  
R.M. Potekhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sorption Activity ◽  
Simulated Digestion ◽  
Different Parts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of four biosorbents in comparison with commercial adsorbents Vetohit and Zaslon in reducing the toxic effects of fumonisin B1. Quantitative determination of fumonisin B1 in supernatants from simulated digestion in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the RIDASCREEN® FUMONISIN kit (R-Biopharm). In vitro studies (pH 2.0, 8.0) showed that sample № 1, obtained on the basis of extracellular polysaccharides synthesized by strain 574 of the bacterium P. mucilaginosus and calcined bentonite, adsorbed more fumonisin B1 than other biosorbents and commercial preparations (9.43 μg versus 8.60, 8.83, 8.90, 9.09 and 8.13 μg, respectively). This suggests that the developed biosorbents are effective in reducing the toxic effects of fumonisin B1.

scholarly journals External Quality Assessment for the Determination of Diphtheria Antitoxin in Human Serum

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1282-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Di Giovine ◽  
Antonella Pinto ◽  
Rose-Marie Ölander ◽  
Dorothea Sesardic ◽  
Paul Stickings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Routine Method ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Passive Hemagglutination

ABSTRACT Accurate determination of diphtheria toxin antibodies is of value in determining the rates of immunity within broad populations or the immune status of individuals who may be at risk of infection, by assessing responses to vaccination and immunization schedule efficacy. Here we report the results of an external quality assessment (EQA) study for diphtheria serology, performed within the dedicated surveillance network DIPNET. Twelve national laboratories from 11 European countries participated by testing a standard panel of 150 sera using their current routine method: Vero cell neutralization test (NT), double-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; DAE), dual double-antigen time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (dDA-DELFIA), passive hemagglutination assay (PHA), toxin binding inhibition assay (ToBI), and in-house or commercial ELISAs. The objective of the study was not to identify the best assay, as the advantages and drawbacks of methods used were known, but to verify if laboratories using their routine method would have categorized (as negative, equivocal, or positive) a serum sample in the same way. The performance of each laboratory was determined by comparing its results on a quantitative and qualitative basis to NT results from a single reference laboratory, as this test is considered the in vitro “gold standard.” The performance of laboratories using NT was generally very good, while the laboratories’ performance using other in vitro methods was variable. Laboratories using ELISA and PHA performed less well than those using DAE, dDA-DELFIA, or ToBI. EQA is important for both laboratories that use in vitro nonstandardized methods and those that use commercial ELISA kits.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of immunogenic properties of active dressings

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Orlowska ◽  
Urszula Kurczewska ◽  
Katarzyna Derwinska ◽  
Wojciech Orlowski ◽  
Daria Orszulak-Michalak
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Murine Fibroblasts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Immunogenic Properties

Abstract The aim of this study was in vitro evaluation of the level of the immune response in relation to wound dressings composed of alginate, calcium carboxymethylcellulose, and dibutyrylochitin and determination of the direction of response, which will make referring next to the results of in vivo phase possible. The subject of the experiments was to examine the commercially available, biodegradable alginate dressing, commercially available but not biodegradable dressing constructed from the sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and synthesized in house biodegradable dressing constructed of the dibutyrylchitin. To determine the direction of the immune response, the degree of secretion of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL-1, IL-6) and antiinflammatory (IL-10) interleukin from murine fibroblasts having contact with the tested dressings (ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), was tested.

scholarly journals Studies on the reaction in tissue culture of tomato genotypes under biotic stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Hanus-Fajerska
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Regeneration In Vitro

Plant regeneration in vitro from virus-infected somatic tomato (<em>Lycopersicon</em> sp.) tissue was performed. Regeneration experiments were started after the determination of virus presence, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in leaves used as a source of explants. Leaf explants infected with selected strains of tomato mosaic <em>Tobamovirus</em> or cucumber mosaic <em>Cucumovirus</em> respectively, were cultured on a standarised MS agar medium to induce adventitious shoots, which were afterwards excised, rooted in vitro and cultured to plants. Explants were also screened for their ability to produce callus. Diverse effects of viral infection, ranging from stimulation to inhibition of callus formation and of morphogenesis rate, were observed. The health condition of the tissue proved to affect regeneration potential of <em>Lycopersicon esculentum</em>, whereas wild accesions did not react in that case so distinctly. In cultivated tomato was encountered the decline in competence to reproduce shoots adventitiously in infected tissue. There was also relationship between donor plant health condition and adventitious root formation in regenerated shoots. Experiments with short-term cultures of <em>L. esculenum</em> reveled also that a certain number of shoots regenerated from diseased tissue can be virus-free.

COMPARISON OF THE METABOLISM OF TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE AND TESTOSTERONE IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL WALL OF THE RAT IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Geelen ◽  
A. Coert ◽  
R. Meijer ◽  
J. van der Vies
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Great Similarity ◽  
Testosterone Undecanoate ◽  
Different Parts

ABSTRACT The metabolism of testosterone undecanoate (TU) and testosterone (T) is studied in the gastrointestinal wall of the rat in vitro. A comparison is made with the in vivo metabolism of these compounds in the rat. The major metabolite first appearing during incubation of TU with the small intestine is T. Incubation of TU or T with the small intestine reveals a great similarity between the metabolite patterns obtained. This is also the case with the patterns derived from portal vein plasma upon oral administration of TU and T. Incubation of different parts of the gastrointestinal tract with TU or T shows that the greatest metabolic activity is located in the wall of the small intestine. Unlike T, TU is metabolized only to a small extent in the wall of the stomach and the large intestine.

scholarly journals Determination of the amount of bioaccessible fumonisin B1 in different matrices after in vitro digestion

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szabó-Fodor ◽  
C. Dall'Asta ◽  
C. Falavigna ◽  
M. Kachlek ◽  
Á. Szécsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pre Treatment

Conventional analytical methods used for the analysis of fumonisin content in animal feeds fail to take into account the fumonisin content bound to the matrix, which is otherwise bioaccessible and can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, underestimation of fumonisin content using routine analytical methods can affect animal experiments using cereals contaminated by fungi. In the present study, hidden fumonisin B1 was analysed in two cereal substrates (maize and wheat) which were inoculated with Fusarium verticillioides (MRC 826). The study compared a routine extraction procedure with an in vitro digestion sample pre-treatment. We found that all samples showed a higher content of fumonisin B1 after digestion, compared to the free fumonisin obtained only by extraction. The percentage of the hidden form was 38.6% (±18.5) in maize and 28.3% (±17.8) in wheat, expressed as the proportion of total fumonisin B1. These results indicate that the toxin exposure of the animals determined by the routine fumonisin analysis was underestimated, generally by 40%, as bioaccessibility was not taken into consideration. This is crucial in interpretation (and maybe in re-evaluation) of the results obtained from (other) animal experiments.

Determination of phenolic compounds, in vitro antioxidant activity and characterization of secondary metabolites in different parts of Passiflora cincinnata by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 995-1001
Author(s):  
Ana Ediléia Barbosa Pereira Leal ◽  
Ana Paula de Oliveira ◽  
Raira Feitosa dos Santos ◽  
Juliana Mikaelly Dias Soares ◽  
Erica Martins de Lavor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

scholarly journals Fumonisins production potential of Fusarium verticillioides isolated from Serbian maize and wheat kernels

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Sasa Krstovic ◽  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Aleksandra Bocarov-Stancic ◽  
Slavica Stankovic ◽  
Snezana Jankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Wheat Kernels ◽  
Yeast Extract Sucrose

The production of fumonisins by potentially toxigenic Fusarium verticillioides isolates originating from Serbian maize and wheat kernels was tested in vitro. A total of six F. verticillioides isolates were incubated on yeast extract sucrose medium (YESA) for 4 weeks at 25 ?C in the dark. Their toxin production potential was tested by applying a modified HPLC method for determination of fumonisins in cereals, since the TLC method gave no results. Analyses were performed on a HPLC-FLD system after sample extraction from YESA and extract cleanup on a SPE column. Although the isolates were tested for fumonisin B1, B2 and B3, only fumonisin B1 was detected. The results showed that all tested isolates had toxigenic potential for fumonisin B1 production. The average fumonisin B1 production of the isolates ranged from 7 to 289 ?g/kg, thus indicating a highly variable toxigenic potential among the isolates. Isolate 1282 expressed the highest toxigenic potential for fumonisin B1 production (289 ?g/kg), while isolate 2533/A showed a questionable potential for fumonisin production (7 ?g/kg).

scholarly journals Chemiluminescent and Colorimetric Detection of Erwinia amylovora by Immunoenzymatic Determination of PCR Amplicons from Plasmid pEA29

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Merighi ◽  
A. Sandrini ◽  
S. Landini ◽  
S. Ghini ◽  
S. Girotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chemiluminescent Detection

A molecular diagnostic technique (polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [PCR-ELISA]) for detection of Erwinia amylovora was developed. The protocol is based on the immunoenzymatic determination of PCR products. For in vitro amplification, we used previously published primers able to detect the cryptic plasmid pEA29, which is ubiquitous in E. amylovora. Amplicons were labeled with 11-digoxigenin (DIG)-dUTP during the amplification reaction, captured by hybridization to a biotinylated oligonucleotide in streptavidin-coated ELISA microplates, and then detected with anti-DIG-Fab′-peroxidase conjugated antibodies. The specificity of the assay was verified using E. amylovora strains from different host plants and geographical origins in addition to other plant-associated bacteria (either phytopathogenic or saprophytic) belonging to the genera Erwinia, Pseudomonas, and Agrobacterium. In detection threshold experiments with pure cultures, as few as 30 and 3 CFU/reaction tube were detected when the ABTS (colorimetric) and ECL (chemiluminescent) detection assays, respectively, were used. PCR-ELISA coupled with chemiluminescent detection was able to detect as few as 4 × 102 CFU/g of artificially infested pear twigs. The assay was further shown to be suitable for detection of E. amylovora in naturally infected plant organs, and the results were compared to those obtained using standard PCR assays with electrophoretic separation of amplicons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document