scholarly journals ETHICAL CODES OF CONDUCT FOR THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ENTITIES: THE LEGAL ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
HONCHARENKO Olena
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Ethics Codes ◽  
Standards Of Conduct ◽  
Corporate Social

Background.The use of IT tools in the business sphere requires special legal regulation, given the excellent mechanism of consolidation from areas where the figure is not yet used or its use is quite limited. An important tool of regulatory self-regulation are codes of ethics in the digital economy, which only take into account certain features of digital transformations and are a universal trend of modern development of legal regulation of the economy in Ukraine and the world. Analysis of recent research and publications. The analysis of types, the content of ethical codes in the field of digital economy is not paid enough attention, which actualizes the purpose of this scientific article. The aim of the study is to determine the features of codes of ethics in the digital economy. Materials and methods. During the study, both general scientific and special methods of cognition were used: dialectical, systemic, synergetic, formal-logical, generalization, functional, comparative jurisprudence. The information base of the study was national legislation, EU directives, works of domestic and foreign scientists, codes of conduct of international IT companies. Results. The following types of codes of ethics (codes of professional ethics) depending on the subject, the subjects of their development and adoption in the digital economy are identified: codes of ethics in a particular area of the digital economy; codes of ethics of a separate professional community; codes of ethics (codes of professional ethics) of an individual business entity. Codes of ethics in a particular area of the digital economy are a collection of rules and standards of conduct developed by a community, an association of different professions, in order to develop common principles and policies in a particular market. Codes of ethics of a particular professional community are a collection of rules and standards of conduct that are developed by a particular community on a professional basis and that operate in the digital economy. Codes of ethics (codes of professional ethics) of an individual business entity are internal organizational documents of a specific business entity, an element of its foreign and domestic policy, which sets out the rules of activity for the company’s citizens, limits of liability, etc. Conclusion. It has been established that the digital economy is primarily an area that has emerged through self-regulation, so the development of regulationin the digital economy should be linked to the ethics of using the tools of digital transformation. It has been found that the self-regulation of the digital economy takes into account the flexibility of various tools, including codes of ethics. It is established that the structure and content of codes of ethics (codes of professional ethics) of each company is different. The content of such codes usually includes global trends of modern business requirements: sustainable development policy, respect for human rights, corporate social responsibility, compliance with anti-corruption, tax laws, etc., and special, which reflect the individual obligations of a particular company. Keywords: digital economy, code of ethics, code of professional ethics, business entity, sustainable development, business and human rights, corporate social responsibility, artificial intelligence.

Professional Regulation and Accountability in Forestry

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
David S. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Standards Of Conduct ◽  
Certification Type ◽  
High Standards

Professional forestry organizations have a unique mandate to monitor and regulate the quality of forestry being practised in Canada. However, an inability or a reluctance by these organizations to fulfill this mandate coupled with increasing public concern over poor forestry practices could lead to other forms of regulation. This, in turn, could result in a decrease in the influence of foresters as a profession over the regulation of forestry practices.Professional self-regulation is one method of regulating a profession. Licencing schemes, which require a person to be registered before being able to practise, are generally more effective than certification schemes, which merely identify that members have met certain standards of training.Of the five professional forestry organizations in Canada, two are licensing-type organizations, while three are certification-type organizations.The roles of self-governing professional groups can include establishing and enforcing standards of conduct and practice, and discipline of members who fail to meet the prescribed standards. Where employer instructions conflict with professional ethics or standards, foresters should advise that they are unable to carry out the instructions. In this way, foresters, not employers, should hold the primary role in determining the quality of forestry practised in Canada.It is recommended that professional forestry organizations be licensing-type organizations, and develop and actively enforce high standards of conduct. Support must be provided for members who endeavour to live up to those standards.

scholarly journals Corporate social responsibility rules as a tool of self-regulation in agriculture

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Iryna LOMAKINA
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Implementation Purpose ◽  
Corporate Social

Introduction. The issues of the formation and development of corporate social responsibility in agriculture is undeniably relevant for a large agrarian country of Ukraine o in view of the European integration processes. The rules of corporate social responsibility, on the basis of which the codes of ethics of the company are worked out, are the tools for of self-regulation of the economic entity, since the economic entities engaged in agriculture are interested in their working out and implementation. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to define the rules of corporate social responsibility as a tool for self-regulation in agriculture. Results. The features of agriculture should be taken into account in the development of corporate social responsibility rules, in particular its environmental component (focus on sustainable rural development). The article studies the provisions of international treaties, international governmental and non-governmental organizations acts, EU legislation on CSR in agriculture. It is pointed out that the set of the requirements in understanding the CSR rules is common to both agriculture and industry though the content is different. The provisions of the Single Integrated Strategy for Agriculture and Rural Development in 2015-2020 should be voluntarily enshrined in the CSR rules for agricultural enterprises. The article defines the features of the rules of corporate social responsibility as an instrument of self-regulation of agriculture. Under this concept, the system of voluntarily accepted commitments by rural businesses in terms of providing economic and social needs of both workers and other members of society on the basis of the concept of sustainable development of rural territories is understood. Conclusion. It is concluded that the content of the rules includes issues: environmental protection, social insurance and provision, educational and cultural development, dialogue with state authorities, antimonopoly and anticorruption complicity, corporate citizenship, development of territories.

Do Reverse Auctions Violate Professional Standards and Codes of Conduct?

2011 ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Muscatello ◽  
Susan Emens
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Reverse Auctions ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
New Business ◽  
Standards Of Conduct

During the e-business boom of the 1990’s, reverse auctions became a new business tool for purchasing/procurement that promised increased reductions in supplier costs. The benefits of reverse auctions have been substantiated but not without debate. One of the debates is the ethical considerations inherent with these new business processes. Our study investigates whether reverse auctions violate corporate or professional standards of conduct. This chapter examines some of the professional standards/codes of ethics available including the Institute of Supply Chain Management (ISM) and a selected number of organizations including Dell and GE. Further, the chapter presents a framework that can help an organization determine if reverse auctions, and the way they run them, are ethical.

scholarly journals Ethical codes and corporate responsibility of the most admired companies of the world: Toward a third generation ethics?

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyes Calderón ◽  
Ignacio Ferrero ◽  
Dulce M. Redin
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Journal Of Business Ethics

Codes of ethics contain a set of rules of conduct and corporate principles concerning the responsibility of a company to its stakeholders and shareholders. These codes help to guide corporate and employee behavior, and constitute verifiable elements of social responsibility. This study examines the Most Admired Companies of the World, ranked by Fortune magazine in 2009 to find out, first, whether their codes of ethics exhibit greater emphasis on social responsibility and strong implementation processes, and second, whether they could be considered codes of the third generation as elaborated by Stohl et al. in their article in the Journal of Business Ethics. Our results indicate that the codes of ethics of the 2009 Most Admired Companies of the World resemble “codes of conduct” rather than strictly codes of ethics or “codes of corporate social responsibility”. These codes continue to be governed by traditional norms related to immediate economic success, normative compliance, internal management and the pressing effects of their sector. This study thus provides empirical support for the idea that the philosophy of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is scarcely present in the codes of the most reputable companies.

scholarly journals Extended Jurisdiction through Foreign Policy, Soft Law, and Self-Regulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 199-232
Author(s):  
Charlotte E. Blattner
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
And Control

This chapter focuses on whether states can use extended forms of extraterritorial jurisdiction to protect animals abroad, including foreign policy rules, investment agreements, jurisdiction assigned to international bodies, and self-regulation by private actors. These subtler forms of extraterritorial regulation are fully established and widely used in human rights law. When applied to animal law, they yield substantial benefits for states that want to protect animals abroad by reaching beyond traditional command-and-control structures and tapping the expertise of non-state actors. The focus of this chapter is on investment rules, export credit standards, bilateral investment treaties, bilateral free trade agreements, impact assessments, reporting, corporate social responsibility, codes of conduct, and the Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises, issued by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Corporate and Stakeholder Responsibility: Making Business Ethics A Two-Way Conversation

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 375-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry D. Goodstein ◽  
Andrew C. Wicks
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Business In Society ◽  
Corporate Social

ABSTRACT:The globalization of society erodes established ideas about the division of labor between the political and economic spheres and calls for a fresh view concerning the role of business in society. Some multinational corporations have started to change their role from one of simply following the rules to one ofcreatingthe rules of the economic game. They already have assumed responsibilities that once were regarded as belonging to government. They engage in the production of public goods (e.g., public health, education), and in self-regulation to fill global gaps in legal regulation and to promote societal peace and stability. Some corporations do not simply comply with societal standards in legal and moral terms; they engage in discursive social and political processes that aim atsettingorredefiningthose standards in a changing, globalizing world. Those activities go beyond the mainstream understanding of stakeholder responsibility and corporate social responsibility.

scholarly journals Navigating Ethical Dilemmas in Mental Health Practice Between Professional Ethics and Islamic Values

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Elzamzamy ◽  
Hooman Keshavarzi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Standard Practices

Religiously committed mental health practitioners frequently encounter situations in which their perceived or actual religious mandates are at odds with their client’s values, leaving them in an ethical conundrum as to how to reconcile these values with the mandates of their professional ethical codes of conduct. Examples of such conflicts include dealing with cases involving abortion, sexual orientation, gender identity, consensual extramarital affairs, substance and alcohol use, as well as working with clients who display a minimal adherence to basic Islamic rituals and tenets. Precedents to such conflicts have led to serious legal consequences in some cases (DeSantis, 2012; Keeton v. Anderson-Wiley, 2010). Such conflicts are commonplace and particularly important for Muslim mental health professionals operating in the United States and other Western European countries that have secular professional codes of ethics. This paper is a “narrative literature review” that attempts to frame the discussion about value conflicts commonly experienced by Muslim mental health clinicians working within the Islamic legal and ethical discourses in the American context. This is done by analyzing the origins of some of these conflicts as well as providing potential resolutions. First, the relevant mental health philosophies, principles, codes, and definitions are examined. Second, the authors highlight how the Islamic maqāṣid (the higher objectives of Islamic law) and uṣūl (legal maxims), as well as Islamic standard practices, morals, and professional ethics, appear to contribute to the ethical dilemma. Different approaches to conflict resolution and reconciliation between Islamic mandates and ethical dilemmas are presented to help clinicians navigate their professional practice within ethical guidelines while remaining faithful to their religious values.

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN THE DAILY WORKING PRACTICE OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Quapp ◽  
Klaus Holschemacher
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Conduct ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Professional Law ◽  
Structural Engineers

Sooner or later in their daily working practice, engineers come in contact with issues of professional ethics. Codes of professional conduct are well developed and popular in a number of countries all over the world. Also in Germany, codes of professional conduct were developed for various professions such like medicine, civil and structural engineering as well as architecture over the past decades. As a planner, consultant or specialized expert, civil and structural engineers are obligated to obey the rules of proven professional conduct and modern professional ethics. Their professional practice requires the observation of secured technical knowledge and the obligation for ongoing professional development. The paper provides an overview about professional ethics and engineers’ professional law. Furthermore, it is dealing with the aspects of professional ethics in the civil and structural engineers’ daily working practice and it discusses the question, if rules of professional conduct help to establish clients’ trust in the competence and the moral attitude of civil and structural engineers. The author explains why it is necessary to implement ethical education in universities’ civil and structural engineering programs and to continue the education in the courses for ongoing professional development. Finally, the paper mentions relevant case law. The conclusion is: Codes of ethics may not have the same importance in all countries all over the world. But they can be inspirational and motivating as well as instructive. Codes of conduct help structural engineers to take decisions and are guiding principles in their daily working practice. Therefore, it is necessary to distribute knowledge of professional ethics and to enforce codes of professional conduct.

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