Barriers and Facilitators Impacting Physical Activity Among Rural American Indian Older Adults

Background: American Indian (AI) older adults experience pronounced health disparities and demonstrate among the lowest levels of physical activity (PA) of racial and ethnic groups. Nearly half of AI older adults live in rural areas, indicating distinct challenges to participation in PA. Research to identify factors influencing PA among this population is missing from the literature, yet is critical to inform culturally relevant PA intervention development and implementation. Purpose: To identify barriers and facilitators to PA among rural AI older adults using the ecological model and qualitative methods. Methods: A community-based approach was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with rural AI older adults. Interview questions were based on a multi-level ecological model. Content analysis was performed, using an iterative coding process to identify findings. Results: Participants’ (n=21) mean age was 66 years. Barriers and facilitators to PA were identified across ecological model levels. Barriers included factors such as caregiving and community responsibilities, lack of acceptable areas for walking, and overall lack of community-level support for older adult health. Facilitators included a personal connection to the land and ancestors through PA, multigenerational participation, and supportive tribal policies. Conclusion: This study addressed a critical gap in the literature by identifying barriers and facilitators among rural AI older adults, which can inform PA intervention development. In this way, their voices are uplifted to shape efforts addressing longstanding health disparities through relevant public health interventions.

A Methodology of DASs Benchmarking to Support Industrial Community Characteristics in Designing and Implementing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Within Vehicles

This study presents a novel benchmarking methodology for Data Acquisition System (DAS) types to support industrial community characteristics in designing and implementing the advanced driver assistance systems within vehicles, which is considered multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. Four issues support this claim. Multiple criteria need to be considered in the evaluation, data variation, trade-off and conflict. Thus, an MCDM solution is essential to overcome problem complexity. In the last years, MCDM developed methods have been studied and criticised from different theoretical aspects. The most recent method, fuzzy decision by opinion score method (FDOSM), has proven its power in solving other methods challenges. However, the FDOSM technique and its extension were based on traditional fuzzy set theory, which is limited and unable to deal with the membership and non-membership hesitation simultaneously and that affect the accuracy of final decision especial among the group of decision-makers. Therefore, this study extended FDOSM into an intuitionistic fuzzy environment that considers the hesitation index in the membership definition, then discuss the power of such membership in evaluating and benchmarking the DAS systems. The proposed methodology comprises two consecutive phases. In the first phase, a decision matrix is formulated based on the crossover of the ‘DAS systems’ and ‘multiple evaluation criteria’. In the second phase, the new method (the intuitionistic FDOSM method) has two main stages (i.e. data transformation unit and data processing). The dataset was used to prove the concept. A total of 39 DASs were evaluated based on 14 DASs criteria, involving seven sub-criteria for “comprehensive complexity assessment” purpose and eight sub-criteria for “design and implementation” purpose, which highly affected the design of DAS when implantation occurred by industrial communities. The results of this study are as follows: (1) Individual results of benchmarking, which used three decision-makers are broad, with consensus on the DAS#1 system ranked as the best. (2) The results of the proposed GDMs proved quality in DASs benchmarking, and the DAS#1 system is also the best. (3) Intuitionistic FDOSM can deal with hesitation and uncertainty problems properly. (4) Significant differences were indicated among the groups’ scores, which proves the validity of the intuitionistic FDOSM results.

The Еssence, Tasks and Stages of Managing the Financial Condition of the Enterprise

Annotation. Introduction. In the conditions of crisis, unstable external environment and pressure of competitors there are two needs for timely adaptation for enterprises. In these conditions, it becomes increasingly necessary to manage the financial condition of the enterprise. Financial condition management is a capacious process with specific stages and tasks, the implementation of which requires an in-depth analysis of the financial performance in the enterprise. It is difficult for an enterprise today to assess the role of well performing financial management. Asset and liability management, timely investment and receipt of funds, the ability to meet the requirements of creditors, the vision of managers of prospects for business development are keys to survival an enterprise in modern conditions. Given this, it is extremely important to understand the process of managing the financial condition and the stages of its implementation. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence of the concept of «financial condition management». The company’s tasks and stages, as well as the role and importance in the activities of enterprises. Results. It is determined that the management of the financial condition in the enterprise is a complex process that includes a system of tasks and a sequence of stages for the implementation of management. It is substantiated that the management of financial condition is carried out on the basis of financial analysis of the enterprise. The tasks performed by the management of the financial condition of the enterprise are described, the tasks are formulas for calculating the indicators of financial stability, liquidity and solvency, business activity and profitability. The sequence of stages of financial condition management which consists of preparatory, main and final stages is characterized. Conclusions. It is concluded that the management of the financial condition in the enterprise is an important process that requires study, research and use in the company’s activities. It is determined that financial management is a process of influencing the organization using various financial mechanisms (financial methods, financial levers, regulatory and legal support and information support) to develop and achieve strategic goals of the enterprise. Keywords: financial condition; financial management condition; financial management tasks condition; stages of financial management condition.

Quality and Safety Competencies in Undergraduate Nursing Education: Where are we now?

BACKGROUND: Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United States. To address this problem, a concerted effort by nurse educators to integrate Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies into nursing curricula is relevant. There is a need for innovative educational strategies, faculty development, and implementation approaches to support successful QSEN competency implementation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to evaluate a faculty development course that included QSEN competency education, resources, and support. METHODS: A pretest posttest design was used and 19 nursing faculty from a northeast U.S. public college participated in the program. Participants completed the National QSEN Faculty Survey before and after a 6-part QSEN competency-based training course. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square statistical test were used to compare means of pretest and post-test responses. RESULTS: Results indicated a significant increase of incorporating the QSEN competencies in nursing courses following the faculty development program. The most helpful QSEN resource was found to be the QSEN website followed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) in pre and post-test results. Case studies, lectures, and group projects were the most frequently used teaching strategies, and the classroom was found to be the setting where most faculty integrated QSEN competencies into their courses. IMPLICATIONS: Faculty development programs are an effective method of providing support for the integration of QSEN competencies into the undergraduate nursing curricula. Evaluation of faculty development programs is essential so that effective programs can be shared and sustained. Keywords: QSEN, competencies, faculty development, quality, safety

Problems of qualification of crimes prescribed in articles 207.1, 207.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the problems of qualification of crimes prescribed by Articles 201.1 and 207.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the practice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, aimed at clarifying the new provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as requirements for their practical implementation. Purpose: to identify the advantages and disadvantages of criminal-legal regulation of disseminating knowingly false information that poses a danger to the life or health of people and their safety in the pandemic. Methods: the study of the relevant norms using the systemic method, general scientific methods (structural-functional analysis, comparison, logical method, and content analysis of the practice of courts). Main results: the study made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the norms providing for criminal liability for the public dissemination of knowingly false information regarding the circumstances that pose a threat to the life and safety of citizens and the public dissemination of knowingly false socially significant information, which entailed grave consequences, as well as separate qualification errors in judicial and investigative practice that arose at the initial stage of their implementation. Conclusions and substantiation of the novelty of the work: the insufficient effectiveness of the existing approach to the problems of legal assessment of crimes is substantiated, which provides for responsibility for the public dissemination of knowingly false information regarding the circumstances that pose a threat to the life and safety of citizens and the public dissemination of knowingly false socially significant information, which entailed grave consequences, and the ways of solving the specified problems are proposed. At the same time, it is noted that the changes in legislation, especially such as criminal one, should be the result of targeted criminological analysis, with an appropriate criminological (and not spontaneous action – reflection on what is happening) forecast of the situation development. The authors highlight the unprecedented character of the measures taken by the state and the need to cancel them when external factors change, which provoked the changes in the criminal-legal regulation of public relations.

Advanced training peculiarities of physical education teachers in quarantine terms

The global pandemic and forced self-isolation have become significant factors in the rapid restructuring of training at all levels of education, and postgraduate in particular. They have caused not only the reformatting of the content, forms and methods of the advanced training system, but also mastering of tools and technologies of distance learning as the main way of communication between the educational process subjects. The article analyzes the contemporary tendencies in organization of the advanced training process of physical education teachers based on introduction of distance learning technologies. Improving the advanced training system of physical education teachers comprises the use of their multilevel preparation, which consists of continuous self-educational activity (first level); regular participation in organized forms of advanced training (advanced training and internship courses) (second level); analytical, scientific, and practical activity (third level). Self-educational activity includes acquaintance with online tools for distance learning organization and their use in practice. «Methodical materials» prepared by the Committee of Physical Education and Sports of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine for physical education teachers, the implementation purpose of which is to diversify motor leisure in quarantine terms; informational content of the YouTube channel «Junior Z» in the framework of the All- Ukrainian project «Physical Culture of the Future»; the project of the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine «Digital Physical Education for schoolchildren with the participation of sports stars» are among them. The example of organized form of advanced training of physical education teachers is given based on the experience of Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University in the sphere of postgraduate education and continuous pedagogical education. In particular, the curriculum and organization peculiarities of the distance advanced training course for physical education teachers in quarantine terms are characterized. By conducting distance learning courses in such a way, teachers' behavior is modelled when they need to organize distance learning support for students in their schools. Within the framework of continuous education, physical education teachers should improve their qualification not only in their professional specialization field, but also in the sphere of information and communication technologies.

Dynamics of psychophysiological indicators of athletes in pankration at the stage of specialized basic training in the annual cycle

Changes in the rules increase the need for scientific substantiation of the training system structure and content at separate stages of long-term improvement in pankration. In the complex of factors to ensure the effectiveness of competitive activities in pankration an important role play manifestations of special athletes’ reactions, which manifested in situations of time choice for attack, counterattack or defensive actions, creating an optimal basis for technical and tactical actions and operational implementation. Purpose: to determine the dynamics of psychophysiological indicators of athletes in pankration at the stage of specialized basic training in the annual cycle under the influence of experimental and traditional programs of annual training. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources; analysis of documentary materials; pedagogical testing; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. During November 2018 - October 2019, a formative pedagogical experiment was organized and conducted. It provided the introduction of the author's annual training program for athletes at the stage of specialized basic training in pankration. The control (21 athletes) and experimental (22 athletes) groups were formed. Pedagogical testing of psychophysiological indicators was conducted three times - at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the pedagogical experiment. There were registered the reaction of choice, the reaction of distinction, the reaction to a moving object, the tapping test among the psychophysiological indicators. Results. The effect of the author's program gave the athletes of the experimental group the opportunity to significantly improve their psychophysiological characteristics: the reaction of choice by 2.77% (p = 0.05), the reaction of distinction - 2.51% (p,00.01), taping test – 15.56% (p≤0.01) compared with the beginning of the pedagogical experiment. For athletes of the control group also registered positive significant changes in separate psychophysiological tests - the reaction of choice by 1.09% (p = 0.01), the reaction of distinction - 1.39% (p = 0.03) and the results of the tapping test – 5.70% (p = 0.02). Conclusions. With the help of the experimental program it was possible to achieve an earlier deployment of adaptation processes to the specific physical load of training and competitive activities in pankration. At the same time, the generally accepted program made it possible to significantly improve indicators only after directed loads of longer duration.

Defining Facets of Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Twitter Analysis

Social distancing has been one of the primary mitigation strategies in the United States to control the spread of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and can be viewed as a multi-faceted public health measure. Using Twitter data, we aim to (1) define and quantify the prevalence and evolution of facets of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US in a spatiotemporal context and (2) examine the most amplified tweets among social distancing facets. We analyzed a total of 259,529 unique tweets containing “coronavirus” from 115,485 unique users between January 23, 2020 and March 24, 2020 that were identified by the Twitter API as English and U.S.-based. Tweets containing specified keywords (determined a priori) were grouped into six social distancing facets: implementation, purpose, social disruption, adaptation, positive emotions, and negative emotions. Tweets about social disruptiveness were most retweeted, and implementation tweets were most favorited. Social distancing tweets became overall more prevalent in the U.S. from late January to March but were not geographically uniform. In January and February, facets of social distancing appeared in Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle, which were among the first cities impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak. Tweets related to the “implementation” and “negative emotions” facets of social distancing largely dominated in combination with topics of “social disruption” and “adaptation”, albeit to a lesser degree. Social distancing can be defined in terms of facets that respond and represent certain moments and events in a pandemic, including travel restrictions and rising COVID-19 case counts. For example, in February, Miami, FL had a low volume of social distancing tweets but grew in March which corresponded with the rise of COVID-19 cases in the city. This suggests that overall volume of social distancing tweets can reflect the relative case count in respective locations.

Google Earth for Land Use Land Cover Detection in the Case of Guntur Urban, Andhra Pradesh, for Public Health Use

The land use/cover (LULC) pattern is a unique method approached for identifying parameters in developing programs of human needs and welfare, specifically for the planning and implementation purpose. This method enables researchers to understand the important information from and every single parameter involved. In the study, we could count upon the information on various parameters that help to identify the breeding sites and the spread of mosquitos. The study is conducted in the Guntur Urban, state of Andhra Pradesh, wherein the LULC patterns are investigated by using Google Earth imagery. Various relatively static parameters like Dense Vegetation, Sparse Vegetation, Water bodies, and urban area cover are taken into consideration for the determination of (Aedes agypti) dengue causing mosquito-breeding habitats, [6-8],. In this study LULC is used to determine the risk zones that would enable to carry forward the necessary actions to reduce the mosquito-borne diseases, polygon overlay is employed to generate risk maps of the study area, and these risk zones could be further processed for high, moderate and low-risk areas.

ASSESSMENT OF E-COMMERCE IN BULGARIA AND EUROPEAN UNION TRENDS

E-commerce is increasingly entering the economies of the countries of the European Union. According to the last publication of "E-marketer", this is one of the few sectors that manage to have over a 16 % annual growth rate in 2020 (down from 20,2% last year) (1). Its advantages are indisputable, but is it likely a country as Bulgaria to be successful in its implementation? Purpose: The article aims to present some characteristics of e-commerce in Bulgaria during the 2012-2019 period. Methods: To conduct a comparative analysis with the European Union in terms of some key criteria, such as (growth of e-commerce, the % of companies selling online, the share of consumers shopping online, etc. Results: Only 11% of enterprises in Bulgaria in 2019 are increasingly relying on e-commerce sales in order to maximize their profit. In the last two years (2018 – 2019), on average, over 50% of European Union consumers have made an online purchase but for Bulgarians, this share is only 14%. Conclusions: Despite this growth, our country remains far behind, by EU average standards but e-commerce in Bulgaria has all the necessary prerequisites to be one of the most successful sectors of the economy.