scholarly journals REALITIES AND PERSPECTIVES OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
S.V. Protas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Competent Authority ◽  
State Institution ◽  
World Health ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Regional Committee ◽  
Health Organization

The analysis of "reform" decisions in Ukraine testifies to the deliberate destruction of an outdated but effective preventive (preventive) direction of domestic medicine and the inability of the healthcare system to withstand global challenges without the existence of a real management vertical of anti-epidemic protection of the population. One of the names of a state institution is not enough for the development of the public health system in Ukraine, and the "rebranding" of the executive authorities not only does not facilitate, but also substantially complicates the state's security of its citizens. The issue of the creation of a competent authority in the field of epidemiological surveillance (surveillance) of infectious and non-communicable diseases and their prevention (prevention) is a priority issue of national security of the country. Conclusion. The organizational model of the National Public Health Service (preventive medicine) in the context of healthcare reform based on Ukrainian realities and the provisions of the World Health Organization Resolution EUR/RC61/R2 "Strengthening Capacity and Public Health Services in Europe: Framework Action "adopted at the 61st session of the European Regional Committee on September 14, 2011, as well as the concept of a single health according to the Global Healthcare Agenda.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the first pharmacy-led weight management programme in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i45-i46
Author(s):  
A Peletidi ◽  
R Kayyali
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction Obesity is one of the main cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.(1) In primary care, pharmacists are in a unique position to offer weight management (WM) interventions. Greece is the European country with the highest number of pharmacies (84.06 pharmacies per 100,000 citizens).(2) The UK was chosen as a reference country, because of the structured public health services offered, the local knowledge and because it was considered to be the closest country to Greece geographically, unlike Australia and Canada, where there is also evidence confirming the potential role of pharmacists in WM. Aim To design and evaluate a 10-week WM programme offered by trained pharmacists in Patras. Methods This WM programme was a step ahead of other interventions worldwide as apart from the usual measuring parameters (weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP)) it also offered an AUDIT-C and Mediterranean diet score tests. Results In total,117 individuals participated. Of those, 97.4% (n=114), achieved the programme’s aim, losing at least 5% of their initial weight. The mean % of total weight loss (10th week) was 8.97% (SD2.65), and the t-test showed statistically significant results (P<0.001; 95% CI [8.48, 9.45]). The programme also helped participants to reduce their waist-to-height ratio, an early indicator of the CVD risk in both male (P=0.004) and female (P<0.001) participants. Additionally, it improved participants’ BP, AUDIT-C score and physical activity levels significantly (P<0.001). Conclusion The research is the first systematic effort in Greece to initiate and explore the potential role of pharmacists in public health. The successful results of this WM programme constitute a first step towards the structured incorporation of pharmacists in public’s health promotion. It proposed a model for effectively delivering public health services in Greece. This study adds to the evidence in relation to pharmacists’ CVD role in public health with outcomes that superseded other pharmacy-led WM programmes. It also provides the first evidence that Greek pharmacists have the potential to play an important role within primary healthcare and that after training they are able to provide public health services for both the public’s benefit and their clinical role enhancement. This primary evidence should support the Panhellenic Pharmaceutical Association, to “fight” for their rights for an active role in primary care. In terms of limitations, it must be noted that the participants’ collected data were recorded by pharmacists, and the analysis therefore depended on the accuracy of the recorded data, in particular on the measurements or calculations obtained. Although the sample size was achieved, it can be argued that it is small for the generalisation of findings across Greece. Therefore, the WM programme should be offered in other Greek cities to identify if similar results can be replicated, so as to consolidate the contribution of pharmacists in promoting public health. Additionally, the study was limited as it did not include a control group. Despite the limitations, our findings provide a model for a pharmacy-led public health programme revolving around WM that can be used as a model for services in the future. References 1. Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving B, World Health Organization., World Heart Federation., World Stroke Organization. Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization; 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 26]. 155 p. Available from: http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/publications/atlas_cvd/en/ 2. Pharmaceutical Group of the European Union. Pharmacy with you throughout life:PGEU Annual Report [Internet]. 2015. Available from: https://www.pgeu.eu/en/library/530:annual-report-2015.html

World Health Organization

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Regional Director ◽  
Regional Committee ◽  
Sixth Session ◽  
Health Organization

Regional MeetingsDuring the autumn of 1954, sessions were held of six of the regional committees of the World Health Organization. From September 10 to 16, 1954, the Regional Committee for the Western Pacific held its fifth session in Manila under the chairmanship of Dr. F. S. Maclean (New Zealand). In adopting the report of the Regional Director on the activities of 1953–54, the committee expressed particular appreciation of the increase in the number of fellowships within the region. The regional program and budget for 1956 were approved, as were certain revisions in the 1955 budget made necessary by financial restrictions; the principal activities planned for 1955 and 1956 related to the control of malaria, tuberculosis, venereal diseases, and yaws, but educative and administrative aspects of public health were also included. The following were among the main recommendations and suggestions of the committee: 1) that the Regional Director allocate, so far as possible, the necessary funds for a travel study tour within the region in 1956; 2) that health authorities in the region be asked to prepare papers on the public health aspects of virus diseases; and 3) that the staff of the regional office and consultants be required to give first priority to the least favorably situated member countries. Technical discussions held during the session dealt with public health administration, with particular reference to the organization of health services. In closing, the committee decided that its sixth session should be held in September 1955, at Singapore.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus Elimination in the U.S.: Time to Dismantle Barriers and Implement Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Wang ◽  
Chari Cohen ◽  
Amy S. Tang ◽  
Camilla S. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Purpose of Review The World Health Organization has set a target for the elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a public health threat by 2030, but the U.S. is not currently on track. In this review, we describe specific barriers to HBV elimination, provide examples of potential solutions, and offer recommendations for how the U.S. can reach HBV elimination goals. Recent Findings In the U.S., there are many barriers to eliminating hepatitis B, worsened by the siloing of healthcare and public health services. In recent years, we have not seen progress toward improving HBV screening or adult vaccination, and acute cases are on the rise. Current policies, guidelines, and recommendations can hinder elimination progress. Summary Simple policy and guideline changes will allow us to decentralize and scale-up hepatitis B screening, vaccination, and care. Dismantling current barriers will be critical to eliminating hepatitis B in the U.S.

scholarly journals The Anticipated Future of Public Health Services Post COVID-19: Viewpoint (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Bashier ◽  
Aamer Ikram ◽  
Mumtaz Ali Khan ◽  
Mirza Baig ◽  
Magid Al Gunaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

UNSTRUCTURED In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various public health functions and essential services in different ways and magnitudes. Although all countries have witnessed the effect of COVID-19, the impact differed based on many factors including the integrity and resiliency of the countries’ health systems. This paper presents opinions and expectations of the authors about the anticipated changes in the future of public health at the global, regional, and national levels. The viewpoint is based on the current efforts and challenges that various stakeholders have carried out to control COVID-19 and the contribution from the literature on the future of public health. Numerous agencies and actors are involved in the fight against COVID-19 with variations in their effectiveness. The public health services showed weaknesses in most of the countries, in addition to the lack of adequate curative medicine settings. The pandemic highlighted the need for better governance and stronger and more resilient health systems and capacities. The COVID-19 experience has also emphasized the importance of coordination and collaboration among the countries and stakeholders. The COVID-19 pandemic might lead to a wide discussion to improve international and national approaches to prepare for and respond to similar events in terms of preparedness and response mechanisms and tools. Public health will not be the same as before COVID-19. New health priorities, approaches, and new agendas will be on the table of the global platforms and initiatives. More investment in research and technology to meet the demand for new vaccines and medicines, innovative methods like distance learning and working, more respect and remuneration to health professionals, and normalization of the public health and social measures that were induced during the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to be seen in future.

scholarly journals Preparedness for SARS in the UK in 2003

2004 ◽  
Vol 359 (1447) ◽  
pp. 1131-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Public Health Action ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been described as the first major emerging infectious disease of the twenty–first century. Having initially emerged, almost unnoticed, in southern China, it rapidly spread across the globe. It severely tested national public health and health systems. However, it also resulted in rapid, intensive international collaboration, led by the World Health Organization, to elucidate its characteristics and cause and to contain its spread. The UK mounted a vigorous public health response. Some particular issues concerned: the practicalities of implementing exit screening had this been required; the likely efficacy of this and other control measures; the legal base for public health action; and the surge capacity in all systems should the disease have taken hold in the UK. We have used this experience of 2003 to inform our preparation of a framework for an integrated, escalating response to a future re–emergence of SARS according to the levels of disease activity worldwide. Recent cases confirm that SARS has not ‘gone away’. We cannot be complacent about our contingency planning.

Should Public Health and Policy Communities Interact With the Food Industry? It Depends on Context Comment on "Towards Preventing and Managing Conflict of Interest in Nutrition Policy? An Analysis of Submissions to a Consultation on a Draft WHO Tool"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Cullerton ◽  
Jean Adams ◽  
Martin White
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Nutrition Policy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
Policy Communities

The issue of public health and policy communities engaging with food sector companies has long caused tension and debate. Ralston and colleagues’ article ‘Towards Preventing and Managing Conflict of Interest in Nutrition Policy? An Analysis of Submissions to a Consultation on a Draft WHO Tool’ further examines this issue. They found widespread food industry opposition, not just to the details of the World Health Organization (WHO) tool, but to the very idea of it. In this commentary we reflect on this finding and the arguments for and against interacting with the food industry during different stages of the policy process. While involving the food industry in certain aspects of the policy process without favouring their business goals may seem like an intractable problem, we believe there are opportunities for progress that do not compromise our values as public health professionals. We suggest three key steps to making progress.

COVID-19: A comparative study of SARS, MERS and COVID-19

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan ◽  
Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Central China ◽  
World Health ◽  
Unknown Aetiology ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Past Life ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Disease Spreading ◽  
Health Organization

: World Health Organization (WHO) office in China received the information of pneumonia cases of unknown aetiology from Wuhan, central China on 31st December 2019, subsequently this disease spreading in china and rest of world. Till the March 2020 end, more than 2 lakhs confirmed cases with more than 70000 deaths were reported worldwide, very soon researchers identified it as novel beta Corona virus (virus SARS-CoV-2) and its infection coined as COVID-19. Health ministries of various countries and WHO together fighting to this health emergency, which not only affects public health, but also started affecting various economic sectors as well. The main aim of the current article is to explore the various pandemic situations (SARS, MERS) in past, life cycle of COVID-19, diagnosis procedures, prevention and comparative analysis of COVID-19 with other epidemic situations.

A Framework Convention on Alcohol Control: Getting Concrete about Its Contents

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robin ROOM ◽  
Jenny CISNEROS ÖRNBERG
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Draft Convention ◽  
History Of ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

This article proposes and discusses the text of a Framework Convention on Alcohol Control, which would serve public health and welfare interests. The history of alcohol’s omission from current drug treaties is briefly discussed. The paper spells out what should be covered in the treaty, using text adapted primarily from the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, but for the control of trade from the 1961 narcotic drugs treaty. While the draft provides for the treaty to be negotiated under the auspices of the World Health Organization, other auspices are possible. Excluding alcohol industry interests from the negotiation of the treaty is noted as an important precondition. The articles in the draft treaty and their purposes are briefly described, and the divergences from the tobacco treaty are described and justified. The text of the draft treaty is provided as Supplementary Material. Specification of concrete provisions in a draft convention points the way towards more effective global actions and agreements on alcohol control, whatever form they take.

scholarly journals Public Health Considerations for PM10 in a High-Pollution Megacity: Influences of Atmospheric Condition and Land Coverage

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Carlos Zafra ◽  
Joaquín Suárez ◽  
Jorge E. Pachón
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mixing Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Reference Limits ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Daily Pm10 ◽  
Research Period

This paper analyzes the PM10 concentrations and influences of atmospheric condition (AC) and land coverage (LC) on a high-pollution megacity (Bogota, Colombia) from a public health viewpoint. Information of monitoring stations equipped with measuring devices for PM10/temperature/solar-radiation/wind-speed were used. The research period lasted eight years (2007–2014). AC and LC were determined after comparing daily PM10 concentrations (DPM10) to reference limits published by the World Health Organization (WHO). ARIMA models for DPM10 were also developed. The results indicated that urban sectors with lower atmospheric instability (AI) had a 2.85% increase in daily mortality (DM) in relation to sectors with greater AI. In these sectors of lower AI, impervious LC predominated, instead of vegetated LC. An ARIMA analysis revealed that a greater extent of impervious LC around a station led to a greater effect on previous days’ DPM10 concentrations. Extreme PM10 episodes persisted for up to two days. Extreme pollution episodes were probably also preceded by low mixing-layer heights (between 722–1085 m). The findings showed a 13.0% increase in WHO standard excesses (PE) for each 10 µg/m3 increase in DPM10, and a 0.313% increase in DM for each 10% increase in PE. The observed average reduction of 14.8% in DPM10 (−0.79% in DM) was probably due to 40% restriction of the traffic at peak hours.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document