Parnicki a Rosja. Rekonesans

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-338
Author(s):  
Piotr Gorliński-Kucik
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Historical Novels ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Critical Project

The article considers issue of the connections between Teodor Parnicki, the Polish author of historical novels, and Russia. His attitude has its origins in biographical experiences. Knowledge of Russian culture is evident especially in the early work of Parnicki, and above all – in literary criticism of the interwar period. Careful reading shows that the sketches and reviews are a conservative critical project, the subject of which is Soviet social and cultural policy and communism in general. This article also complements the current state of research (who did not address this issue), while being a contribution to further research.

Heuristische Textpraktiken in den Wissenschaften

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Michael Bender ◽  
Marcus Müller
Keyword(s):  
Science Research ◽  
Annotation Scheme ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Textual Practices ◽  
Collaborative Annotation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

AbstractThis article contains a comparative study of heuristic textual practices in various scientific disciplines. By this we mean formulation practices with which new knowledge is generated in institutionally influenced routines and connected to existing knowledge, e. g. ‚highlighting the relevance of a research topic‘, ‚defining a concept‘ or ‚supporting a statement argumentatively‘.The aim is to find out to what extent such textual practices occur in different scientific disciplines, how they are distributed and combined. Furthermore, we study the effects domain-specific contexts have on heuristic textual practices. The data basis of our study is a corpus of 65 dissertations from the 13 different faculties of the TU Darmstadt. In the pilot study we report here, we examined the introductory chapters of the dissertations. Methodologically, it is an annotation study: Based on the current state of research on the subject, we have derived a basic annotation scheme, which we have developed and refined in a collaborative process of guideline creation. Our study affiliates on socio-pragmatic research on text production and formulation routines in the sciences. It is theoretically informed by the philosophy of science research on heuristics, methodically we make a contribution to the scientific debate on collaborative annotation procedures.

On the Transmission of Indian Medical Texts to the Arabs in the Early Middle Ages

Arabica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 82-97
Author(s):  
Oliver Kahl
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Current State ◽  
Indian Medical ◽  
Abbasid Caliphate ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bibliographical Survey ◽  
State Of Research

Abstract The transmission of Indian scientific and, notably, medical texts to the Arabs during the heyday of the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad (ca 158/775-205/820) is still largely shrouded in myth; its investigation continues to be hampered not only by serious methodological problems but also by a lack of philological groundwork and a shortage of trained researchers. This article, which in essence is meant to serve as a rough guide into one prospective field of “Indo-Arabic” studies, focuses on a badly neglected though highly promising cluster of texts, namely those that relate to the translation and adaptation of certain Ayurvedic key works from Sanskrit into Arabic. A general assessment of the current state of research, of the factors that condition our knowledge and of the obstacles and limitations posed by the very nature of the subject, is followed by a bio-bibliographical survey of Ayurvedic texts which were subject to transmission; the article is rounded off by six Sanskrit-into-Arabic text samples, with English translations for both.

scholarly journals TO THE STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF TRIGGERING THE PLACEBO EFFECT: PLACEBO AND AUTO-SUGGESTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
A.V. Khaikin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Positive Expectation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

The current state of research on the placebo effect is considered. The task is set to develop the idea of the role of positive expectation in the mechanism of placebo implementation. A number of assumptions concerning the nature of placebo and approaches to its study are put forward. Consideration of the effect in its linear structure can contribute to the study of the nature of the placebo. It is useful to understand this phenomenon as consisting of a stage of psychological triggering and a stage of psychosomatic and physiological implementation. In turn, it is useful to consider the first of them as consisting of a preliminary stage of forming a positive (or negative – with nocebo) expectation, confidence in a certain effect of a placebo agent, and the stage of actually triggering a placebo. When implementing the placebo effect, the active expectation of a certain internal process and its result activates the mechanism of auto-suggestion, within which the expected is realized. The placebo is triggered by the implementation of one of the types of autosuggestion process, which does not presuppose any purposeful actions of the subject, for example, orders addressed to the unconscious. A significant part of the studies of the placebo effect nature can be carried out within the framework of the study of the mechanisms and patterns of this way of autosuggestion, which is triggered by the confident active expectation of the subject in the onset of certain internal changes. It is clear that such studies can be carried out in contexts other than those of placebo and nocebo implementation, for example, neutral in relation to the physical and emotional state and make their conduct not burdened with ethical problems. Which, of course, can significantly contribute to the intensification of the study of the placebo nature. It is concluded that the proposed concept develops the thesis about the necessary role of positive expectation in the implementation of the placebo effect, explaining the role of expectation in the mechanism of its launch. Understanding the mechanism of the placebo effect as a mechanism for self-suggestion will significantly simplify the conditions for experimental studies of placebo patterns and creates a context for further research.

Primary Prevention: Implications for the Child Psychiatrist

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi I. Rae-Grant
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Child Psychiatrist ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

This paper emphasizes the importance of primary prevention, reviews some of the conceptual underpinnings of the subject, considers promising intervention programs which could be utilized now, discusses the current state of research in the field and suggests roles for the psychiatrist.

scholarly journals Polacy w armii amerykańskiej podczas konfliktu zbrojnego na Kubie w 1898 r. (szkic problemu)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-237
Author(s):  
Daniel Kiper
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Spanish American War ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

The article deals with the problems associated with Polish immigrants who served in the US Army during the armed conflict in Cuba in 1898. Due to the current state of research, we can only roughly estimate the number of Poles involved in the Spanish-American war. A variety of articles concerning the subject appeared in the contemporary Polish press, based on which attempts were made to outline the general circumstances behind Polish recruitment into the US Army as well as other issues related to, inter alia, military careers, military pastoral care and collective memory of the war.

scholarly journals Quantum Bourneville Model: On the Quantum Mechanical Nature of Dark Triad

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
The State ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Current State ◽  
Intuitive Appeal ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Mechanical Nature

The state of reality is not bound by the state of progress. Irrespective of our association, or lack of it, with any school of philosophy, the notion that we witness society and the events that occur within it cannot be denied. Consequently, the inception of a significant altercation in the existing direction of any perception regarding an unexplained phenomenon must involve the realization of a requirement for altercation (be it minor or major) to the direction of research conducted in the same. The identification of the correct altercation, hence, becomes the only topic of debate. The process of this identification requires a stoic sense of review of the current state of research and the current state of question that we wish to address. Therefore, it becomes important that this entity must be free from all forms of existing bias and must implement the existing approaches available without the limitations of the subject they are defined in. In this paper, I aim to do the same. This paper presents a thought experiment that eventually paves the way for establishing a quantum mechanical model for interpreting the notion of the Dark Triad whilst addressing all the concerns mentioned in Miller et al. (2019) regarding the current state of research in the field. The frequent question of identification of any empirical proof is rendered moot for this model given its vast intuitive appeal and philosophical foundation. While the author welcomes any attempts possible to provide solid, empirical proof of this quantum Dark Triad model, it is to be noted that the author considers attempts for the same to take into consideration the questions of formalism and determinism as expected from any scientific theory.

To Sabbatize in Peace: Jews and New Christians in Sixteenth-Century Portuguese Polemics

1981 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Iberian History ◽  
The Way

E. H. Carr's injunction that “when we take up a work of history, our first concern should be not with the facts which it contains but with the historian who wrote it” is well justified by the current state of research in the field of Iberian cryptojudaism and its subsequent development outside the peninsula. As in the study of Iberian history itself, vested interests, strong personal biases, and allegiances to national or partisan schools of historiography have frequently stood in the way of dispassionate inquiry into the subject and led to polarizaton and obfuscation. Over and above this, fruitful study has been impeded by the “blind-men-and-the-elephant” fallacy.

scholarly journals IWAN ŁOBOJKO W POLSKIM ŚRODOWISKU NAUKOWYM (DWA PODEJŚCIA DO TEMATU NA PODSTAWIE WSPOMNIEŃ)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (XX) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Magdalena Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
State Of Research

This paper consists of three parts: 1. The current state of research on Ivan Lobojko’s memoirs (comments of Samuel Fishman, Abram Reytblat, Marya Prussak, Reda Gruskaite); 2. The biography of Ivan Lobojko (born 1786 in Charkov, died 1861 in Mitau) and his contacts with Polish scientists (the community of Vilnius University, Samuel Bogumił Linde, Joachim Lelewel and others); 3. Two approaches to the subject “Ivan Lobojko in the Polish scientific community on the basis of his memoirs” (I. Lobojko, Moi vospominaniya. Moi zapiski, ed. A.I. Rejtblat, Moscow 2013): a) the “external” method – “The Poles about Lobojko”, a comparison of Lobojko’s memoirs and Poles’ memoires (A.H. Kirkor, A. Malinowski, T. Dobszewicz), b) the “internal” method – “Lobojko about the Poles”, a reconstruction of the profiles of Polish scientists in Lobojko’s memoirs (Zorian Dołęga Chodakowski and others).

scholarly journals Neuropsychology of the unconscious: current state of the problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-148
Author(s):  
Nikita A. Khokhlov ◽  
Elena D. Fyodorova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research

Introduction. The sphere of the unconscious includes many phenomena that have a strong influence on human behaviour and cognitive activity. Although the importance of taking into account the unconscious is evident to most psychotherapists, its role is visibly underestimated in neuropsychology. In this regard, the present state of research on brain organization of unconscious processes is of interest. Objective. The review aims to describe the current state of research on brain mechanisms of the unconscious. Procedure. The present paper describes a variety of unconscious phenomena. It also outlines widespread points of view on the correlation between consciousness and unconscious and discusses the freewill problem. The question posed is whether the research programme of neuropsychology allows studying the unconscious phenomena. The study analyses the subject matter of neuropsychology and discusses the historical change of A.R. Luria’s views on psychology of the unconscious. The paper describes the studies of brain mechanisms underlying a variety of unconscious manifestations that have been conducted within different psychological schools. The aim is to consider the essential principles of neuropsychological research of the unconscious. Conclusion. In foreign neuroscience there are numerous studies in the field of brain mechanisms of unconscious processes. Up to now, the leading positions in the sphere are taken by neuropsychoanalysis and cognitive neuroscience. In Russian neuropsychology the unconscious is barely investigated because it does not comply with the traditional research object, that is, the higher mental functions. However, in the current conditions, the research programme of neuropsychology allows studying the unconscious. The paper highlights the advantages of investigating the unconscious phenomena from the neuropsychological standpoint considering its evolutionary purpose.

A categorisation of dialectics in response to project uncertainty

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Buhagiar ◽  
Julien Pollack ◽  
Sharon Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Complex Projects ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeScholars are increasingly acknowledging the importance of conversations in the management of complex projects. Defining dialectics as “the art of purposeful conversation”, this paper aims to rationalise the somewhat disorganised field of dialectics by developing a categoreal scheme.Design/methodology/approachThe authors refer to the current state of research into the conversational aspects of complex projects, and examine the historical development of, and philosophical and scholarly commentary on, the dialectical method.FindingsThe categories the authors propose are the Socratic, Conversational, Fichtean and Peircean. They differ in relation to the subject matter of the dialectic; their vulnerability to environmental influences; the degree of structure they require for optimal performance; and the situations in which they might most profitably be applied.Research limitations/implicationsA single categoreal scheme is rarely the last word, and the authors invite other scholars to explore the field in a similar way.Practical implicationsThe scheme proposed here is intended to enhance the project manager's approach to conversations, by referring to the specific virtues and limitations of each of the categories.Social implicationsThe informed use of dialectics may help to ameliorate the significant damage done to organisations and economies around the world by failed and underperforming projects.Originality/valueThe authors present the first categorisation of the field, with the aim of equipping the practitioner to think about dialectical approaches in a more systematic way.

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