Measurement of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Values of Ependymoma and Medulloblastoma Tumors: a Patient-based Study

Pediatric Patients ◽

Clinical Images ◽

Adc Value ◽

Conventional Mri ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: aimed to compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of two different cerebellar pediatric tumors, including ependymoma and medulloblastoma which have shown similar clinical images in conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods.Material and Methods: Thirty six pediatric patients who were suspected to have the mentioned tumors according to their CT image findings were included in this study. The patients were subjected to conventional MRI protocols followed by diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and ADC values of the tumors were calculated automatically using MRI scanner software.Results: The mean (± SD) ADC value for ependymoma (1.2± 0.06 ×10-3 mm2/s) was significantly higher than medulloblastoma (0.87 ± 0.02 ×10-3 mm2/s) (p = 0.041). Moreover, the maximum ADC value of ependymoma was considerably different in comparison with medulloblastoma (1.4 ×10-3 mm2/s and 0.96×10-3 mm2/s, respectively; p = 0.035) Furthermore, the minimum ADC value of ependymoma was higher compared to medulloblastoma (1.0 ×10-3 mm2/s and 0.61×10-3 mm2/s, respectively), but it was not significant (p = 0.067).Conclusion: Evaluation of ADC values for ependymoma and medulloblastoma is a reliable method to differentiate these two malignancies. This is due to different ADC values reflected during the evaluation.

Differentiation of prostate cancer and stromal hyperplasia in the transition zone with histogram analysis of the apparent diffusion coefficient

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185117698861 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 58 (12) ◽

pp. 1528-1534 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Liu Xiaohang ◽

Zhou Bingni ◽

Zhou Liangping ◽

Peng Weijun ◽

Yang Xiaoqun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Transition Zone ◽

B Value ◽

Histogram Analysis ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background Prostate cancer and stromal hyperplasia (SH) in the transition zone (TZ) are difficult to discriminate by conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Purpose To investigate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of prostate cancer and SH in the TZ with histogram analysis and the ability of ADC metrics to differentiate between these two tissues. Material and Methods Thirty-three cancer and 29 SH lesions in the TZ of 54 patients undergoing preoperative DWI (b-value 0, 1000 s/mm2) were analyzed. All the lesions on the MR images were localized based on histopathologic correlations. The 10th, 25th, and 50th percentiles, and the mean ADC values were calculated for the two tissues and compared. The efficiencies of the 10th, 25th, and 50th ADC percentiles in differentiating the two tissues were compared with that of the mean ADC with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results The 10th, 25th, and 50th percentiles and mean ADC values (×10−3 mm2/s) were 0.86 ± 0.15, 0.89 ± 0.16, 0.94 ± 0.16, and 1.03 ± 0.17 in SH and 0.64 ± 0.12, 0.69 ± 0.12, 0.72 ± 0.16, and 0.83 ± 0.15 in TZ cancer, respectively. The parameters were all significantly lower in cancer than SH. The 10th ADC percentile yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.87 for the differentiation of carcinomas from SH, which was higher than the mean ADC (0.80) ( P < 0.05), and the AUCs of the 25th (0.82) and 50th (0.83) percentiles exhibited no differences from those of the mean ADC ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Histogram analysis of ADC values may potentially improve the differentiation of prostate cancer from SH in the TZ.

Role of Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging in Characterization of Posterior Fossa Tumors

AL-Kindy College Medical Journal ◽

10.47723/kcmj.v14i1.9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 8-12

Author(s):

Lubna Ali Hussain

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Posterior Fossa ◽

Solid Tumor ◽

Posterior Fossa Tumors ◽

Adc Value ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

The Mean

Background: Conventional MR imaging is essential for diagnosis and evaluation of the posterior fossa tumors Objectives: To assess the value of diffusion weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient in making distinction between different histological types of posterior fossa tumors. Type of the study: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Brain MRI and DWI assessed 19 patients (12 female and 7 male) with MRI diagnosis of posterior fossa tumors. absolute ADC values of contrast -enhancing solid tumor region and ADC ratio of solid tumor to ADC of normal -appearing deep White matter were compared with histological diagnosis postoperatively .The mean ADC value and ratio were determined by using a 2-tailed T test. Results: In eight of medulloblastoma ,The mean ADC value was 0.67±0.14x 10-3 mm 2/s and ratio 0.86±0.19 , ependymoma (n=3), ADC value 1.09 ±0.14 x10 -3 mm 2 /s and ratio 1,43±0.13 , pilocytic astrocytoma (n=4) ADC value 1,72 ±0.27x10 -3 mm2/s and ratio 2.19±0.4, brainstem glioma (n=2) with ADC value1.18±0.06 x10-3mm2/s and ratio 1.64±0.08 , haemangioblastoma (n=1) with ADC value1.46x10-1mm2/s and ratio 1.87 , and meningioma with ADC value 0.72x10-3mm2/s and ratio 0.85. ADC values were higher in JPA than in ependymomas and medulloblastoma (P value <o,o5).ADC ratio were also statistically significant difference among these three tumors type . Conclusion: calculation of apparent diffusion coefficient value in the solid enhancing portion of tumor seems to be reliable for differentiate between medulloblastoma at one end and , juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) and ependymoma at other end as the former has ADC of < 1 while other tumors have ADC value of >1.

The Correlation between Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value on MRI and the Pathology Consistency of Meningioma

Biomolecular and Health Science Journal ◽

10.20473/bhsj.v3i2.22171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Wyka Faulani Hafizah Nur ◽

Widiana Ferriastuti ◽

Bambang Soeprijanto

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Medical Records ◽

Preoperative Evaluation ◽

Adc Value ◽

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Hard Consistency

Introduction: Preoperative evaluation of meningioma consistency is important because it will affect surgical procedures, surgical optimization, risk assessment, and patient management. The consistency of meningioma can be predicted by Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) value on MRI. ADC values are useful in quantitative tumor assessment based on diffusivity in the tumor. The objective of the study is to find out the correlation between ADC value and the pathology consistency of meningioma.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out using medical records at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya by January 2017 - December 2018. The ADC value was obtained by placing three ROI in the tumor and the consistency was obtained from the results of the pathology examination, followed by the Spearman correlation test.Results: There The tumor range value of ADC was 0.58 x 10-3mm2 s to 1.63 x 10-3mm2/s. The mean ADC value in soft, intermediate, and hard consistency was 1.247+ 0.200 x 10-3mm2/s, 0.950 + 0.453 x 10-3mm2/s, and 0.793 + 0.161 x 10-3mm2/s, the cut-off value of ADC was + 0.822 x 10-3mm2/s with specificity 68% and sensitivity 85%, the AUC is 0.740 with a significance value of 0.0043 (p<α, α = 0.05). It was obtained an ADC correlation with the consistency of meningioma, the significance value is p=0.000 (p<α, α = 0.05).Conclusion: There is a correlation between the ADC value and the consistency of meningioma. The ADC value can be considered for an optimal preoperative evaluation in assessing the consistency of meningioma.

Apparent diffusion coefficient cannot discriminate metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis

International Journal of Colorectal Disease ◽

10.1007/s00384-021-03986-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexey Surov ◽

Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽

Maciej Pech ◽

Maciej Powerski ◽

Jasan Omari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adc Value ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Lymph ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Abstract Background Our aim was to provide data regarding use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for distinguishing metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LN) in rectal cancer. Methods MEDLINE library, EMBASE, and SCOPUS database were screened for associations between DWI and metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer up to February 2021. Overall, 9 studies were included into the analysis. Number, mean value, and standard deviation of DWI parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of metastatic and non-metastatic LN were extracted from the literature. The methodological quality of the studies was investigated according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. The meta-analysis was undertaken by using RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian, and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance weights were used to account the heterogeneity between the studies. Mean DWI values including 95% confidence intervals were calculated for metastatic and non-metastatic LN. Results ADC values were reported for 1376 LN, 623 (45.3%) metastatic LN, and 754 (54.7%) non-metastatic LN. The calculated mean ADC value (× 10−3 mm2/s) of metastatic LN was 1.05, 95%CI (0.94, 1.15). The calculated mean ADC value of the non-metastatic LN was 1.17, 95%CI (1.01, 1.33). The calculated sensitivity and specificity were 0.81, 95%CI (0.74, 0.89) and 0.67, 95%CI (0.54, 0.79). Conclusion No reliable ADC threshold can be recommended for distinguishing of metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer.

Diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating between high-grade gliomas and brain metastases

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185117727787 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

pp. 599-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ionut Caravan ◽

Cristiana Augusta Ciortea ◽

Alexandra Contis ◽

Andrei Lebovici

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Curve Analysis ◽

High Grade ◽

Peritumoral Edema ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

The Mean

Background High-grade gliomas (HGGs) and brain metastases (BMs) can display similar imaging characteristics on conventional MRI. In HGGs, the peritumoral edema may be infiltrated by the malignant cells, which was not observed in BMs. Purpose To determine whether the apparent diffusion coefficient values could differentiate HGGs from BMs. Material and Methods Fifty-seven patients underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) before treatment. The minimum and mean ADC in the enhancing tumor (ADCmin, ADCmean) and the minimum ADC in the peritumoral region (ADCedema) were measured from ADC maps. To determine whether there was a statistical difference between groups, ADC values were compared. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the cutoff ADC value for distinguishing between HGGs and BMs. Results The mean ADCmin values in the intratumoral regions of HGGs were significantly higher than those in BMs. No differences were observed between groups regarding ADCmean values. The mean ADCmin values in the peritumoral edema of HGGs were significantly lower than those in BMs. According to ROC curve analysis, a cutoff value of 1.332 × 10−3 mm2/s for the ADCedema generated the best combination of sensitivity (95%) and specificity (84%) for distinguishing between HGGs and BMs. The same value showed a sensitivity of 95.6% and a specificity of 100% for distinguishing between GBMs and BMs. Conclusion ADC values from DWI were found to distinguish between HGGs and solitary BMs. The peritumoral ADC values are better than the intratumoral ADC values in predicting the tumor type.

Influence of menstrual status and pathological type on the apparent diffusion coefficient in cervical cancer: a primary study

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185120926897 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 028418512092689

Author(s):

Yue Dong ◽

Rui Tong Dong ◽

Xiao Miao Zhang ◽

Qing Ling Song ◽

Tao Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Primary Study ◽

Adc Value ◽

Cervical Cancers ◽

Menstrual Status ◽

Pathological Type ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Background Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value is an important quantitative parameter in the research of cervical cancer, affected by some factors. Purpose To investigate the effect of pathological type and menstrual status on the ADC value of cervical cancer. Material and Methods A total of 352 individuals with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer between January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 317 cases with squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 35 cases with adenocarcinomas (AC); 177 patients were non-menopausal and 175 were menopausal. All patients underwent a routine 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) examination using b-values of 0, 800, and 1000 s/mm2. Three parameters including mean ADC (ADCmean), maximum ADC (ADCmax), and minimum ADC (ADCmin) of cervical cancer lesions were measured and retrospectively analyzed. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the difference of ADC values in different menstrual status and pathological types. Results In all menopausal and non-menopausal patients, the ADCmean and ADCmin values of SCC were lower than those of AC ( P<0.05), the ADCmax of two pathological types showed no statistical difference ( P > 0.05). In menopausal patients, the ADCmean, ADCmax, and ADCmin values of SCC were not statistically different compared with those of AC ( P > 0.05). The ADCmean, ADCmax, and ADCmin values of different pathological types cervical cancers in non-menopausal patients were all higher than those in menopausal patients ( P<0.05). Conclusion The ADC values of the cervical cancers were different in different pathological types and were also affected by menstrual status.

Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values as Predictor of Aggressiveness in Peripheral Zone Prostate Cancer: Comparison with Gleason Score

ISRN Radiology ◽

10.1155/2014/263417 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Shayan Sirat Maheen Anwar ◽

Zahid Anwar Khan ◽

Rana Shoaib Hamid ◽

Fahd Haroon ◽

Raza Sayani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Gleason Score ◽

Case Series ◽

Adc Value ◽

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values ◽

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Purpose. To determine association between apparent diffusion coefficient value on diffusion-weighted imaging and Gleason score in patients with prostate cancer. Methods. This retrospective case series was conducted at Radiology Department of Aga Khan University between June 2009 and June 2011. 28 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer were included who underwent ultrasound guided sextant prostate biopsy and MRI. MRI images were analyzed on diagnostic console and regions of interest were drawn. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS 20.0. ADC values were compared with Gleason score using one-way ANOVA test. Results. In 28 patients, 168 quadrants were biopsied and 106 quadrants were positive for malignancy. 89 lesions with proven malignancy showed diffusion restriction. The mean ADC value for disease with a Gleason score of 6 was 935 mm2/s (SD=248.4 mm2/s); Gleason score of 7 was 837 mm2/s (SD=208.5 mm2/s); Gleason score of 8 was 614 mm2/s (SD=108 mm2/s); and Gleason score of 9 was 571 mm2/s (SD=82 mm2/s). Inverse relationship was observed between Gleason score and mean ADC values. Conclusion. DWI and specifically quantitative ADC values may help differentiate between low-risk (Gleason score, 6), intermediate-risk (Gleason score, 7), and high-risk (Gleason score 8 and 9) prostate cancers, indirectly determining the aggressiveness of the disease.

Evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient in endometrial carcinoma compared to normal endometrium: a retrospective study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212356 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anu Sarah Easo ◽

Rajeev Anand ◽

Mini Issac

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Normal Endometrium ◽

Adc Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

Endometrial Cancers

Background: To determine whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) will help in differentiating endometrial cancer from normal endometrium and to determine whether the grades of endometrial cancer will show significant difference in ADC values.Methods: This is a retrospective study done in MOSC medical college hospital Kolencherry. on patients on whom preoperative MRI was done before hysterectomy. Cases from July 2017 to March 2021 were included. Study cases included 40 females with pathologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 30 females with pathologically proven normal endometrium in cases of uterine leiomyoma and cervical cancer. The exclusion criteria for the study were patients with endometrial cancer in whom surgery was not done within 2 weeks of MRI, patients who were treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery, patients who had hydrometra or pyometra.Results: The mean ADC value (10−3 mm2/second) of endometrial cancer was 0.77±0.04, which was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of normal endometrium (1.323±0.05). The ADC values of different grades of endometrial cancers did not show any statistically significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusions: Our study showed that ADC measurement can differentiate between normal endometrium and endometrial cancer. The ADC values of different grades of endometrial cancers did not show any statistically significant difference.

Apparent diffusion coefficient can predict therapy response of hepatocellular carcinoma to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Digestive Diseases ◽

10.1159/000520716 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ralph Drewes ◽

Constanze Heinze ◽

Maciej Pech ◽

Maciej Powerski ◽

Katja Woidacki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Therapy Response ◽

Adc Value ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values ◽

Arterial Chemoembolization

Aim: The goal of this meta-analysis was to assess the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a pre- and posttreatment (ΔADC) predictive imaging biomarker of response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: SCOPUS database, EMBASE database and MEDLINE library were scanned for connections between pre- and posttreatment ADC values of HCC and response to TACE. Six studies qualified for inclusion. The following parameters were collected: authors, publication year, study design, number of patients, drugs for TACE, mean ADC value, standard deviation, measure method, b-values and Tesla-strength. The QUADAS-2 instrument was employed to check the methodological quality of each study. The meta-analysis was performed by utilizing RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance were used to regard heterogeneity. Mean ADC values and 95% confidence intervals were computed. Results: Six studies (n=271 patients with 293 HCC nodules) were included. The pretreatment mean ADC in the responder group was 1.20 x 10-3 mm2/s (0.98, 1.42) and 1.14 x 10-3 mm2/s (0.89, 1.39) in the non-responder group. The analysis of post TACE ADC value changes (ΔADC) revealed a threshold of ≥ 20% to identify treatment responders. No suitable pretreatment ADC threshold to predict therapy response or discriminate between responders and non-responders before therapy could be discovered. Conclusion: ΔADC can facilitate early objective response evaluation through post-therapeutic ADC alterations ≥ 20%. Pretreatment ADC cannot predict response to TACE.

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) does not correlate with different serological parameters in myositis and myopathy

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185117731448 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (6) ◽

pp. 694-699 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽

Oliver Ziemann ◽

Malte Kornhuber ◽

Alexander Emmer ◽

Ulf Quäschling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Inflammatory Myopathy ◽

Random Motion ◽

Control Group ◽

Adc Value ◽

Muscle Disorders ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in several muscle disorders. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an imaging modality, which can reflect microstructural tissue composition. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is used to quantify the random motion of water molecules in tissue. Purpose To investigate ADC values in patients with myositis and non-inflammatory myopathy and to analyze possible associations between ADC and laboratory parameters in these patients. Material and Methods Overall, 17 patients with several myositis entities, eight patients with non-inflammatory myopathies, and nine patients without muscle disorder as a control group were included in the study (mean age = 55.3 ± 14.3 years). The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology in every case. DWI was obtained in a 1.5-T scanner using two b-values: 0 and 1000 s/mm2. In all patients, the blood sample was acquired within three days to the MRI. The following serological parameters were estimated: C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and myoglobine. Results The estimated mean ADC value for the myositis group was 1.89 ± 0.37 × 10–3 mm2/s and for the non-inflammatory myopathy group was 1.79 ± 0.33 × 10–3 mm2/s, respectively. The mean ADC values (1.15 ± 0.37 × 10–3 mm2/s) were significantly higher to unaffected muscles (vs. myositis P = 0.0002 and vs. myopathy P = 0.0021). There were no significant correlations between serological parameters and ADC values. Conclusion Affected muscles showed statistically significantly higher ADC values than normal muscles. No linear correlations between ADC and serological parameters were identified.