Effects of milk replacer feeding rate and fat content on Jersey calf nutrient digestion and performance to 4 months of age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.X. Suarez-Mena ◽  
T.S. Dennis ◽  
C.E. Chapman ◽  
K.M. Aragona ◽  
T.M. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture on Ruminal Fermentation, Blood Metabolism, and Performance of High-Yield Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2401
Author(s):  
Xiaoge Sun ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Erdan Wang ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Control Group ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Basal Ration

High-yield dairy cows with high-concentrate diets are more prone to experiencing health problems associated with rumen microbial imbalance. This study assessed the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture (SC), a food supplement, on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), inflammatory cytokines, and performance of high-yield dairy cows. Forty Holstein cows with similar characteristics (e.g., milk yield, days of milk, and parity) were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group fed the basal ration supplemented with the SC of 100 g of SC per cow per day (hour, SC group), and a control group fed the same basal ration diet without SC (i.e., CON group). On average, the supplementation of SC started at 73 days of lactation. The experimental period lasted approximately 70 days (from 18 January to 27 March 2020), including 10 days for dietary adaptation. Milk yield was recorded daily. Rumen fluid and milk samples were collected after 2 h of feeding in the morning of day 0, 15, 30, and 60. The data showed that rumen pH increased (p < 0.05) when cows were provided with SC. On average, the cows in the SC group produced 1.36 kg (p < 0.05) more milk per day than those in the CON group. Milk fat content of cows in the SC group was also higher (4.11% vs. 3.96%) (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of dairy cows in the SC group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). There were no differences (p > 0.05) found in milk protein content and propionic acid between groups. The SC group had a tendency increase in butyric acid (p = 0.062) and total VFA (p = 0.058). The result showed that SC supplementation also enhanced the ratio between acetic and propionic. Most of the mean inflammatory cytokine (IL-2, IL-6, γ-IFN, and TNF-α) concentrations (p < 0.05) of the SC group were lower than CON group. This study demonstrated that high-yield cows receiving supplemental SC could produce more milk with higher fat content, have higher rumen acetate, and potentially less inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Metabolic and performance responses to the replacement of lactose by fat in milk replacer formulations for dairy calves

animal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 100031
Author(s):  
T.T. Yohe ◽  
H. Berends ◽  
L.N. Leal ◽  
J.N. Wilms ◽  
M.A. Steele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Postweaning response on growth and nutrient digestion to using different weaning strategies when feeding moderate and high amounts of milk replacer to Holstein calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 8143-8150
Author(s):  
R.N. Klopp ◽  
F.X. Suarez-Mena ◽  
T.S. Dennis ◽  
T.M. Hill ◽  
R.L. Schlotterbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Nutrient Digestion ◽  
Holstein Calves

Granadina kid goats v. Segureña lambs: food intake and performance during milk feeding from birth to 60 days

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Sanz Sampelayo ◽  
I. Prieto ◽  
L. Lara ◽  
F. Gil Extremera ◽  
J. Boza
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Milk Feeding

AbstractThe morphological development of the sheep and the goat is different and this difference is manifested from early post-natal life. The main characteristic of kid goat carcasses is their low adipose tissue, and this is considered detrimental to quality. In an attempt to determine the nutritional causes of this, a study was performed with kid goats of the Granadina breed and lambs of the Segureña breed. Six kid goats and six lambs were slaughtered at birth, while a further eight kids and eight lambs were fed a milk replacer to satiety until the 60th day of life and slaughtered on the 61st day. Dry matter (DM) and metabolizable energy (ME) intakes and apparent digestibility of energy were determined in four balance periods between 8 and 60 days of life. From the intakes of ME and comparative slaughter data it was possible to calculate energy retention (ER), heat loss (HL) and energy retained as protein (ERp) and as fat (ERf) for kids and lambs. Kid goats showed a similar apparent digestibility of energy to lambs but had lower DM and ME intakes per kg metabolic body weight (M0·75) than lambs. For kids and lambs respectively these values were: 0·93 and 0·94; 45·4 and 50·1 g/kg M0·75 per day; 937 and 1033 kJ/kg M0·75 per day. Mean values for ER, HL, ERp and ERf rates were: 263, 674, 131 and 132 kJ/kg M0·75 per day for kid goats and, 343, 690, 132 and 211 kJ/kg M0·75 per day for lambs. Together with the different intake, kid goats showed a lower rate of ER and overall, a lower rate of ERf than lambs.

Performance and behaviour of calves reared in groups or individually following an enhanced-growth feeding programme

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Terré ◽  
Alex Bach ◽  
Maria Devant
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Nefa Concentration ◽  
Unlimited Access ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Oral Behaviour ◽  
Daily Gain

Nineteen calves were reared in individual pens (IP), and twenty calves were grouped in four pens of five calves each (GP) to study the effects of grouping on behaviour and performance. All calves were on an enhanced-growth feeding programme and had unlimited access to starter. Total dry matter intake (DMI) body weight (BW), serum urea, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), cortisol, insulin, and glucose concentrations, and immune response to vaccination were measured. Behaviour patterns categorized as: non-nutritive oral behaviour, cross-sucking, inter-sucking, and self-grooming, were monitored 20 min following the morning and afternoon milk replacer consumption, and at the same times after weaning. There were no differences in final BW and starter DMI between treatments. The decrease of average daily gain (ADG) during the week following weaning was more pronounced in GP than in IP calves. Serum NEFA concentration increased at the beginning of the study in IP calves but serum urea concentrations were greater in GP than in IP calves the week after weaning. Self-grooming increased in both treatments throughout the study but GP calves increased non-nutritive oral behaviour and decreased cross-sucking and inter-sucking behaviours throughout the study. Rearing calves in groups following an enhanced-growth feeding programme did not increase starter intake. Furthermore, cross-sucking and inter-sucking behaviours in calves reared in groups did not seem to cause increased metabolic or immunological distress.

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