Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture on Ruminal Fermentation, Blood Metabolism, and Performance of High-Yield Dairy Cows

High-yield dairy cows with high-concentrate diets are more prone to experiencing health problems associated with rumen microbial imbalance. This study assessed the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture (SC), a food supplement, on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), inflammatory cytokines, and performance of high-yield dairy cows. Forty Holstein cows with similar characteristics (e.g., milk yield, days of milk, and parity) were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group fed the basal ration supplemented with the SC of 100 g of SC per cow per day (hour, SC group), and a control group fed the same basal ration diet without SC (i.e., CON group). On average, the supplementation of SC started at 73 days of lactation. The experimental period lasted approximately 70 days (from 18 January to 27 March 2020), including 10 days for dietary adaptation. Milk yield was recorded daily. Rumen fluid and milk samples were collected after 2 h of feeding in the morning of day 0, 15, 30, and 60. The data showed that rumen pH increased (p < 0.05) when cows were provided with SC. On average, the cows in the SC group produced 1.36 kg (p < 0.05) more milk per day than those in the CON group. Milk fat content of cows in the SC group was also higher (4.11% vs. 3.96%) (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of dairy cows in the SC group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). There were no differences (p > 0.05) found in milk protein content and propionic acid between groups. The SC group had a tendency increase in butyric acid (p = 0.062) and total VFA (p = 0.058). The result showed that SC supplementation also enhanced the ratio between acetic and propionic. Most of the mean inflammatory cytokine (IL-2, IL-6, γ-IFN, and TNF-α) concentrations (p < 0.05) of the SC group were lower than CON group. This study demonstrated that high-yield cows receiving supplemental SC could produce more milk with higher fat content, have higher rumen acetate, and potentially less inflammatory cytokines.

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505 Late-Breaking: Ruminal Microbiota, Inflammation Cytokines, and Performance of High-yield Dairy Cows Supplemented with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Culture

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 179-180

Author(s):

Xiaoge Sun ◽

Shu Zhang ◽

Erdan Wang ◽

Na Lu ◽

Wei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

High Yield ◽

Rumen Ph ◽

And Performance ◽

Inflammation Cytokines

Abstract Dramatic increases in milk yields in recent decades have created challenges in terms of rumen pH and microbial health which ultimately impact dairy cow health. The objective of this study was to assess the effects on ruminal pH, Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA), microbiota, inflammation, and performance of high-yield dairy cows by supplementing Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture (SC). Forty Holstein cows were divided into two groups based on their milk yield, days of milk, and parity fed the same basal ration diet that did or did not contain 100 g of SC /cow per day. Individual dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were recorded each day. Rumen fluid and milk samples were collected after 2 hours of morning feeding at intervals of 15 days during the experiment period. The data showed that rumen pH was increased by 0.19 (P = 0.09) when SC was supplemented than no SC was provided. SC-supplemented cow consumed 0.28 kg (P < 0.05) extra DM/d. Those supplemented with SC produced 1.36 kg (P < 0.05) more milk/cow per day than did non-supplemented cows. Milk fat percentage was higher (4.11 vs. 3.96%) for cows receiving SC. There were no differences in milk protein percentage. Rumen fluid VFA concentration was not statistically affected by SC but was numerically higher acetic and lower propionic for supplemented cows. The blood of the SC group with lower inflammation cytokines and somatic cell count (SCC). SC-supplemented cows had a greater relative abundance of Prevotellaceae, Succinivibrionaceae, Fibrobacteraceae, Lactobacillaceae, and lower relative abundance of Spirochaetaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae than the unsupplemented cows. It had greater functions on xylanolysis, fermentation, cellulolysis in the rumen in terms of the KEGG function prediction analysis. This study demonstrated that high-yield lactation cows receiving supplemental SC produced more milk and potentially reduced the inflammation and enhanced rumen cellulolysis bacteria growth.

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Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Addition in Dairy Cows Diets

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Animal Science and Biotechnologies ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2020.0022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Marinela ENCULESCU

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Health Status ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Control Group ◽

Free Access ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation in the dairy cows’ diets on productive performances and health status. The study was carried out in the experimental farm of the Research and Development Institute for Bovine Balotești on 50 multiparous Romanian Black and Spotted dairy cows, randomly divided into two groups (N = 25 heads/group), according to age, milk yield, body weight and health status. The experimental group received 80 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae/head/day for one year. The groups were fed with the same diet and had free access to water and salt. Results were expressed as a mean (±Standard Deviation). The t-test was applied to obtain the significance of difference. Supplementation of the diet with Saccharomyces cerevisiae had a significant effect (P <0.001) on milk yield (20.71±1.65 l/head/day) for the experimental group comparing with the control group (18.22±1.81 l/head/day), and on milk protein and lactose (P <0.05). The addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in dairy cows’ diet did not improve the milk fat, hematological and biochemical/urine indicators in the experimental group (P >0.05). However, for alkaline phosphatase, differences at the end of the study have been observed (P <0.01). The beneficial effect of the yeast and yeast products in ruminants could be attributed to microbial activity by increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in the rumen of the animals. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an alternative source of economic protein, vitamins and minerals in dairy cows’ diet represents an effective measure to optimize animal productivity.

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Non-structural carbohydrates in the nutrition of high-yielding dairy cows during a transition period

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/873-cjas ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 468-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Poláková ◽

V. Kudrna ◽

A. Kodeš ◽

B. Hučko ◽

Z. Mudřík

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Body Condition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Control Group ◽

Maize Starch ◽

Milk Performance

The main aim of this study was to investigate experimentally the effect of different composition of non-structural carbohydrates (NFC) in prepartum feed rations administered to high-yielding dairy cows at a high concentration of NFC in the diet on dry matter intake both before and after parturition and on subsequent milk performance, body condition and physiological traits of rumen fluid and blood. Thirty-six high-yielding dairy cows were allocated into one of the three well-balanced groups (K, O, and C), and each group received a different feeding rations. Feeding rations differed in non-structural carbohydrate (NFC) structure. The "K" (control) group received a feeding ration with NFC in the form of maize starch in particular, while the feeding rations of the other two (experimental) groups contained either (besides maize starch) saccharose from dried sugar beet (the "O" group) or a dominant amount of NFC was in the form of saccharose (the "C" group). After calving, all dairy cows were given the same feeding ration from the first day after parturition. The experiment was conducted for 21 days before and 50 days after calving. FR in the form of total mixed ration was offered ad libitum. Dry matter intake, milk performance, body condition, live weight, and blood and rumen parameters were recorded for the duration of the experiment. Average daily dry matter intake before calving was highest in the "K" group (14.32 kg per head). Differences among groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Prepartum dry matter consumption dropped as the rate of saccharose in the diet of cows increased. Dry matter consumption levelled off after calving. Milk yield was also highest in the "K" group (43.71 kg/head/day), but fatness of milk and thus the production of fat corrected milk were lowest in this group. The highest milk fat content (4.10%) and fat corrected milk production (44.03 kg/head/day) were recorded in the "C" group, whereas the highest milk protein concentration was found in the milk of the "O" group. The composition of NFC affected dry matter intake before parturition, but these concentrations did not significantly affect dry matter intake, milk yield, milk composition, live weight, body condition or blood serum and rumen fluid parameters after calving

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556. The use of seaweed meals in concentrate mixtures for dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900007366 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 299-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. W. A. Burt ◽

S. Bartlett ◽

S. J. Rowland

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽

Fat Content ◽

Salt Mixture ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Basal Ration

The relative effects upon milk yield and composition of three concentrate mixtures containing 10% of two types of seaweed meal (Ascophyllum nodosum and Laminaria cloustoni) and an oatfeed-salt mixture, have been observed.Each cow received daily a basal ration of 30 lb. marrowstem kale and 18 lb. hay for maintenance and the first 1½ gal. of milk and 31½ lb. concentrates for each gallon thereafter.No significant effects of treatment upon milk yield or fat percentage were observed.The milk produced on the oatfeed-salt mixture had a slightly but significantly higher solids-not-fat content than that on the mixtures containing seaweed meals.The results showed that seaweed meals have a nutritive value no greater than that of a mixture of 7 parts oatfeed and 1 part salt, which had an estimated starch equivalent of only 39.In view of the relatively high cost, low palatability and low nutritive value of seaweed meals, their possible use in the feeding of dairy cows appears very limited.

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Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on health and performance of dairy cows during transition and early lactation period

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1503349b ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 349-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H.A. Bakr ◽

M.S. Hassan ◽

N.D. Giadinis ◽

N. Panousis ◽

D. Ostojic-Andric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Treated Group ◽

High Density Lipoproteins ◽

Control Group ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Early Lactation

Data concerning the effect of probiotics supplementation on many parameters concurrently at the same cows are lacking. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae feeding on rumen, blood and milk parameters together in highproducing dairy cattle during the transition and early lactation period. Sixteen clinically healthy Holstein cows were divided into 2 groups: a control group of 6 cows and a probiotics-fed group of 10 cows. Rumen fluid and blood samples were collected 21 days before the expected calving as well as 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 daysin- milk (DIM). Milk yield for each animal was recorded every 2 weeks. Individual milk samples were collected 15, 30, 45 and 60 DIM. Ruminal pH and rumen ammonia nitrogen were significantly lower, whereas total volatile fatty acids were significantly higher in yeast-fed animals compared with controls throughout the study. Serum concentrations of total proteins and globulins were higher, while albumins were lower in the yeast-treated group. Serum glucose levels were significantly higher in yeast-supplemented animals. Serum triglycerides, high density lipoproteins, and low density lipoproteins concentrations were lower, with cholesterol being significantly lower in the treated group. Milk production and milk fat percentage were higher, whereas milk protein percentage and somatic cell count were decreased in yeast-supplemented cows throughout the study. These results suggest that supplementation of S. cerevisiae to dairy cows rations during transition and early lactation period improve their health and milk production parameters.

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Non-structural carbohydrates in the nutrition of high-yielding dairy cows during a transition period

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/1710-cjas ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 468-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Poláková ◽

V. Kudrna ◽

A. Kodeš ◽

B. Hučko ◽

Z. Mudřík

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Body Condition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Control Group ◽

Maize Starch ◽

Milk Performance

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Effects of ruminal pH and subacute ruminal acidosis on milk yield and composition of Holstein cows in different stages of lactation

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.20861 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 1551

Author(s):

G. C. KITKAS ◽

G. E. VALERGAKIS ◽

M. KRITSEPI-KONSTANTINOU ◽

A. I. GELASAKIS ◽

G. ARSENOS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Fat Content ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽

Total Solids ◽

Ruminal Acidosis ◽

Solids Content

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA; implying a rumen fluid pH between 5.5 and 5.0), is one of the most important metabolic diseases of dairy cows. In this study, the effect of SARA and rumen fluid pH on milk yield and composition was assessed in dairy cows under field conditions, with repeated measurements in the same cows, at different stages of lactation. Rumenocentesis was performed in 83 Holstein cows of a commercial herd at 30, 90, and 150 days in milk (DIM). Rumen fluid pH was measured on-site using a portable pH-meter. Milk yield was also recorded at the same days. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose and total solids content. For the statistical analysis, mixed linear regression models were used. Prevalence of SARA was 48.2%, 53.8% and 65.3% at 30, 90 and 150 DIM, respectively. There was a significant negative effect of SARA and decreased rumen fluid pH on milk fat content; SARA was associated with a decrease of milk fat content by 0.22%, while a one-unit increase of rumen fluid pH, even within the normal range, was associated with a 0.28% increase of milk fat content and 0.44% increase of milk total solids content. There was no effect of SARA on milk yield or protein, lactose and total solids content. In conclusion, under field conditions, SARA and decreased rumen fluid pH reduce milk fat content.

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COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN SERF «OLEKSANDRIVSKE»

Animal Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.31073/abg.52.01 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 6-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. V. Gladiy ◽

G. S. Kovalenko ◽

S. V. Priyma ◽

G. A. Holyosa ◽

A. V. Tuchyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Fat Content ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Black And White ◽

The Third ◽

Fat Yield ◽

Selection Of

The main goal of dairy breeds selection should be improving breeding and productive qualities of animals under modern conditions. The majority of farms, using native breeds to produce milk, has created optimal conditions for keeping and feeding, selection and matching, growing of replacements etc. Further improvement of created native dairy breeds for economically useful traits occurs at total use of purebred Holstein bulls (semen) of foreign selection. In order to realistically assess milk productivity (milk yield, fat content in milk and fat yield) of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White Dairy cows should be conducted a comparative analysis of Holstein cows under the same conditions of feeding and keeping. It was established that Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows were characterized by the highest milk yields for 305 days of all lactations, taken into account, the among three investigated breeds. Their milk yield during the first lactation was 5933 kg of milk, during the second – 6393 kg, the third – 6391 kg and during higher lactation – 6650 kg. Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows were second by milk yield (except for the second lactation), during the first lactation – 5932 kg of milk, the third – 6462 kg and higher – 6541 kg, and Holstein cows were third, during the first lactation – 5794 kg of milk, the second – 6381 kg, the third – 6335 kg and higher – 6469 kg. The fat content was almost the same and varied within 3.49-3.58% in milk of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cattle, 3.50-3.60% in milk of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and 3.50-3.56% in Holsteins’ milk. The difference between the breeds was within 0.01-0.04%. All the investigated breeds had predominance in fat yield for three lactations over standards of these breeds: Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows from 75.1 to 93.4 kg, Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows – 75.1-89.0 kg respectively and Holstein cows – 41.9-60.2 kg. It was found different level of positive correlation between milk yield and fat yield in all the cases and high correlation (r = 0.604-0.921, P < 0.001) in five cases (41.7%) Negative correlation coefficients indicate that selection of animals to higher milk yield in the herd will decrease the second trait – fat content in milk. Positive and highly significant correlation between milk yield and fat yield indicates that selection of cows in the herd to higher milk yields will increase fat yield. It was revealed that bulls were among the factors impacted the milk productivity (milk yield, fat content, fat yield) of three investigated breeds. So, the force (η²x) of father’s impact on milk yield was15.4-47.9%, fat content – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7% taking into account a lactation and a breed. The force of lines impact (η²x) was second; it was on milk yield 6.1-24.5%, fat content – 4.1-17.1 and fat yield – 5.8-23.5%. The force of breeds impact (η²x) was last; it was on milk yield 0.3-2.9%, fat content – 0.2-0.3% and fat yield – 0.6-2.7%. So, the comparative studies of milk productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White and Black-and-White Dairy cattle with Holsteins indicate that under similar conditions of feeding and keeping, these native breeds can compete with Holstein cattle. The milk yield for 305 days of higher lactation was 6650 kg of milk in Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows, 6541 kg in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows and 6469 kg in Holsteins. It was found the inverse correlation r = -0.025-0.316 between milk yield and fat content in milk in most cases. Selection and matching of animals in the herd should be carried out simultaneously on these traits. It was found positive repeatability of milk yields between the first and second, the third and higher lactations (rs = 0.036-0.741), indicating the reliability of forecasting increase in milk productivity during the next lactations in all herd. Bulls have the greatest impact (η²x) on milk productivity among the factors taken into account: milk yield – 15.4-47.9%, fat content in milk – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7%.

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DAY-TO-DAY VARIATIONS IN FAT PERCENT OF COW'S MILK

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas90-090 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 731-734 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. S. ATWAL ◽

J. D. ERFLE

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Key Words ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Supplemental Feeding ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Milk Fat Depression ◽

Daily Milk Yield ◽

Daily Milk

Large day-to-day variations in milk fat, particularly for the morning milkings, were observed in 36 Holstein cows. Changes in percent fat were gradual and produced wavelike patterns in a number of instances. Supplemental feeding of long hay had no effect on acetate/propionate ratio in rumen fluid, daily milk yield or weighted milk fat percentage. Key words: Dairy cows, milk, fat depression, hay

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