Detection of Putative Loci Affecting Milk Production and Composition, Health, and Type Traits in a United States Holstein Population

In this work, we use the records from 643 goats in order to evaluate the phenotypic relationships between conformation traits and milk production in goats. Correlations were estimated using data on goats which included fifteen conformation traits and first lactation milk yield adjusted for age, calving month and 305 milking days (MY1). We also compared the average scores for type traits on the goats under study with those on a sample of goats from the United States of America (USA). Correlations between conformation traits and MY1 were estimated and an analysis was performed to evaluate the nonlinear relationships between them. The highest correlations were found between milk production and udder depth (–0.22), stature (0.18) and rear udder side view (0.12) (p < 0.05), non-linear (cubic) effects for stature and strength being significant (p < 0.05). American goats had a better overall conformation than the Mexican ones but results indicated that goats with better body conformation were not the best for milk production.

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TYPE TRAITS OF AYRSHIRE COWS IN DIFFERENT REGIONAL POPULATIONS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH MILK PRODUCTION

Genetika i razvedenie zhivotnyh ◽

10.31043/2410-2733-2019-2-17-23 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 17-23

Author(s):

E. Smotrova ◽

◽

N. Abramova ◽

V. Berezina ◽

E. Krysova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Type Traits

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502 Late-Breaking: Tongue Rolling Behavior in a Large U.S. Dairy Herd

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 177-178

Author(s):

Jesse Robbins ◽

Mike Paros ◽

Kelly McCandless

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Milk Production ◽

Video Recording ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

The United States ◽

Stereotypic Behavior ◽

Shared Environment ◽

Holstein Cattle ◽

Sampling Strategies ◽

Pregnancy Status

Abstract Stereotypic behavior is repetitive, invariant behavior with no obvious goal or function and may indicate negative welfare. Non-nutritive oral behaviors are the most common form of stereotypic behavior in captive ungulates and these include tongue rolling where the cow’s tongue is extended, moving inside and outside of the mouth while the cow is not eating. We assessed the prevalence of tongue rolling in a large commercial dairy herd located in the United States by video recording cattle (n = 10,000) during three consecutive milkings on two rotary milking parlors. Associations between tongue rolling behavior, breed, age, days in milk, pregnancy status and milk production were assessed. In total, 29% percent (2,931) of cows were observed tongue rolling on the rotary parlor during at least one milking; 6% (613) were observed tongue rolling during two milkings; and 1.6% (164) were observed tongue rolling during all three sampling periods. Breed was the only variable associated with tongue rolling in the rotary parlor with nearly twice the proportion of Jersey (33%) vs Jersey X Holstein (17%) exhibiting tongue rolling behavior (P < 0.0001). The higher incidence of tongue rolling among Jersey vs Jersey X Holstein cattle within a shared environment suggests a strong genetic component that warrants further investigation. Validated sampling strategies for assessing tongue rolling in dairy cattle are needed.

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Genetic relationship between type traits, number of lactations initiated, and lifetime milk performance in Czech Fleckvieh cattle

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/60/2017-cjas ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 501-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Novotný ◽

J. Frelich ◽

J. Beran ◽

L. Zavadilová

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Milk Production ◽

Genetic Relationship ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Lifetime Performance ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

Type Traits ◽

Milk Performance

Genetic relationship was analyzed between type traits and longevity measures in dual-purpose cattle. Data from 91 486 Czech Fleckvieh cows first calved between 2003 and 2009 were used. Longevity was defined as the actual number of lactations initiated per cow and also as functional longevity, which incorporated an adjustment to account for variation in voluntary culling based upon milk production. Lifetime performance was defined as cumulative milk production through the 6<sup>th</sup> parity. All cows were scored for conformation traits during their first lactation. Genetic correlations between these traits and longevity measures were estimated by bivariate analysis using the DMU variance component program package. Type trait heritabilities ranged from 0.30 to 0.59, while heritabilities for longevity and functional longevity were 0.06 and 0.05, respectively. Heritability of lifetime performance was 0.08. Genetic correlations between type traits and longevity measures ranged from low to intermediate values. Genetic correlations of the measured body size traits to the real and functional longevity ranged from –0.06 to –0.29, for udder traits from –0.02 to 0.33, and for foot and leg traits from –0.03 to 0.17. Genetic correlations between the measured body size traits and lifetime performance ranged from –0.03 to –0.30, for udder traits from 0.05 to 0.47, for foot and leg traits from –0.07 to 0.15. Genetic correlations of composite trait scores for frame, muscularity, feet and legs, and udder with longevity traits ranged from –0.20 to 0.41 and for lifetime performance –0.14 to 0.51. The highest genetic correlations between a type trait and functional longevity were for composite udder score (0.25), feet and legs (0.26), and udder depth (0.33), suggesting that these traits could serve as indicators of functional longevity. We conclude that selection based upon easily and inexpensively measured type traits could improve functional longevity of cows as well as lifetime milk production.

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Relationships among udder type traits and milk yield of Iranian Holstein-Friesian cattle

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200013004 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2003 ◽

pp. 141-141

Author(s):

M. R. Sanjabi ◽

M. G. Govindaiah ◽

M. M. Moeini

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Type Traits ◽

High Production ◽

Friesian Cattle

Correlation among type traits and with milk production has been investigated by Brotherstone (1994) and Misztal et al (1992). One of the primary reasons for collecting and utilizing information on type traits is to aid breeders in selecting profitable functional cows for high production and suitable herd life. The objectives of this study were to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations among milk production and with udder traits.

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Estimates of heritabilities of Canadian Holstein conformation traits by threshold model

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas91-078 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 629-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. Jamrozik ◽

L. R. Schaeffer ◽

E. B. Burnside ◽

B. P. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Em Algorithm ◽

Variance Components ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Threshold Model ◽

Model Data ◽

Stage Of Lactation ◽

Continuous Scale ◽

Type Traits ◽

Holstein Population

Sire variances for 30 conformation traits on Canadian Holsteins were estimated on the underlying continuous scale using a single trait threshold linear model. Data were linearized first classifications on 66 617 cows by 3305 sires, classified since February 1988. The model included a random sire effect and fixed effects of herd-round of classification-classifier, age at classification and stage of lactation at classification. Sires were assumed unrelated in this study. Variance components for sires were estimated by REML EM algorithm. Estimates of heritabilities were generally larger than those currently used in genetic evaluation for type traits in Canadian Holstein population. The new heritabilities are recommended for use in a traditional linear animal model procedure. Key words: Variance components, threshold model, type traits

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EVALUATION OF HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN DAIRY SIRES FOR CONFORMATION OF THEIR DAUGHTERS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas78-053 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 409-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

L. R. SCHAEFFER ◽

E. B. BURNSIDE ◽

M. S. HUNT

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Data Sets ◽

Genetic Trend ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Type Traits

A model is described for evaluating dairy sires for the conformation of their daughters accounting for age at classification, year, classification of the dam, genetic trend, and sire effects. Results of the application of this model to two data sets are presented. Estimates of genetic trend for type traits indicated at least twice as much progress is being made for type as for milk production.

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Production and disposition of purebred Jersey populations

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/31/3012 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 89-96

Author(s):

Zoltán Szendrei ◽

Béla Béri

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Milk Production ◽

Side View ◽

Body Depth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

Type Traits ◽

Final Score ◽

Jersey Cows

In Hungary crossbreeding wit Jersey has been in practice since 2004. Uniquely in the Hungarian history of the Jersey breed two times fifty head pregnant heifers were imported in 2006. The aim of our study is to present through the description of the production and the type traits of the population the inherent possibilities of Jersey. The breed is presented by the figures of the rolling lactations, 305 day milk production, correlations between the traits and by the results of the evaluation of type traits. Analyses of the data were done by using independent samples t-test.Based on data of 87 cows the average number of days in milk is 308 and 48 cows has finished lactation. During the rolling lactation they produced 5050 kg milk with 5.34% fat and 3.8% protein content.The first lactation Jersey cows’ production when corrected to 305 days was 5089 kg milk with 5.35% fat and 3.81% protein. Between the herds there was significant difference in milk kg, amount of fat produced, protein content and amount of protein produced. On the two farms distribution of cows belonging to different production levels is very different. The biggest difference is when categorized by the amount of milk produced.Correlation between the milk kg and fat kg is the greatest (r=0.950). Similar values were obtained for the correlation between fat and protein kg (r=0.919) and for the milk kg and fat kg (r=0,898). Disposition of the Jersey cows is very well balanced. Their stature, strength, body depth, dairy form, rump angle and pin width is favorable, the average scores are between 4.5 and 6.5. The leg of the cows is a bit sickly, and is hocking in a little with medium-low angled hoof. Average values of all traits describing the udder are between 4 and 5. Cows belonging to the two herds differ by disposition. Significant difference exists in the following traits: body depth, dairy form, pin width, rear leg - side view, rear leg, rear view, foot angle, fore udder attachment, teat length. TheJersey population imported to Hungary has a final score of 78 points which equals with the “good” qualification.

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