502 Late-Breaking: Tongue Rolling Behavior in a Large U.S. Dairy Herd

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 177-178
Author(s):  
Jesse Robbins ◽  
Mike Paros ◽  
Kelly McCandless
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stereotypic Behavior ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Pregnancy Status

Abstract Stereotypic behavior is repetitive, invariant behavior with no obvious goal or function and may indicate negative welfare. Non-nutritive oral behaviors are the most common form of stereotypic behavior in captive ungulates and these include tongue rolling where the cow’s tongue is extended, moving inside and outside of the mouth while the cow is not eating. We assessed the prevalence of tongue rolling in a large commercial dairy herd located in the United States by video recording cattle (n = 10,000) during three consecutive milkings on two rotary milking parlors. Associations between tongue rolling behavior, breed, age, days in milk, pregnancy status and milk production were assessed. In total, 29% percent (2,931) of cows were observed tongue rolling on the rotary parlor during at least one milking; 6% (613) were observed tongue rolling during two milkings; and 1.6% (164) were observed tongue rolling during all three sampling periods. Breed was the only variable associated with tongue rolling in the rotary parlor with nearly twice the proportion of Jersey (33%) vs Jersey X Holstein (17%) exhibiting tongue rolling behavior (P < 0.0001). The higher incidence of tongue rolling among Jersey vs Jersey X Holstein cattle within a shared environment suggests a strong genetic component that warrants further investigation. Validated sampling strategies for assessing tongue rolling in dairy cattle are needed.

“Airplanes Not Walls”: Broaching Unauthorized (Im)migration and Schooling in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Sarah Gallo ◽  
Andrea Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Grade Classroom

Background/Context This article builds on U.S.-based research on undocumented status and schooling to examine how an elementary school teacher in Mexico successfully integrates transnational students’ experiences related to unauthorized (im)migration into the classroom. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study Drawing on a politicized funds of knowledge framework, we focus on an exceptional fifth-grade teacher's curricular, pedagogical, and relational decisions to provide concrete examples of how educators on both sides of the border can carefully integrate students’ politicized experiences into their classrooms. Setting This research took place in a semirural fifth-grade classroom in Central Mexico during the 2016–2017 academic year, when Donald Trump was elected president of the United States. Population/Participants/Subjects This article focuses on the routine educational practices within a single fifth-grade classroom in a highly transnational Central Mexican town. Participants included a binational student who had recently relocated to Mexico because of U.S.-based immigration policies, her peers from transnational families with ties to the United States, and their fifth-grade teacher. Research Design This school-based ethnographic study involved weekly participant observation and video recording of routine activities in Profe Julio's fifth-grade classroom during the 2016–2017 academic year. Observations were triangulated with additional data sources such as interviews (with educators, binational students, and binational caregivers) and artifacts (such as homework assignments and student writing). Findings/Results Through a close examination of a fifth-grade classroom in Mexico, we illustrate how the teacher brought students’ (im)migration experiences into school by leveraging openings in the curriculum, developing interpersonal relationships of care, and engaging in a range of pedagogical moves. Conclusions/Recommendations We discuss how this teacher's educational practices could be carefully tailored to U.S. classrooms within the current anti-immigrant context. These practices include building relationships of care, looking for openings in the curriculum, providing academic distance, prioritizing teachers as learners, and working with school leadership for guidance on navigating politicized topics under the current U.S. administration.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Holstein Cattle Populations in Brazil and the United States

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 2963-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.N. Costa ◽  
R.W. Blake ◽  
E.J. Pollak ◽  
P.A. Oltenacu ◽  
R.L. Quaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Holstein Cattle

scholarly journals Mobile Radiosonde Deployments during the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX): Rapid and Adaptive Sampling of Upscale Convective Feedbacks

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Trapp ◽  
David J. Stensrud ◽  
Michael C. Coniglio ◽  
Russ S. Schumacher ◽  
Michael E. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Adaptive Sampling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Convective Storms ◽  
Convective Scale

Abstract The Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX) was a field campaign conducted 15 May through 15 June 2013 within the Great Plains region of the United States. One of the research foci of MPEX regarded the upscaling effects of deep convective storms on their environment, and how these feed back to the convective-scale dynamics and predictability. Balloon-borne GPS radiosondes, or “upsondes,” were used to sample such environmental feedbacks. Two of the upsonde teams employed dual-frequency sounding systems that allowed for upsonde observations at intervals as fast as 15 min. Because these dual-frequency systems also had the capacity for full mobility during sonde reception, highly adaptive and rapid storm-relative sampling of the convectively modified environment was possible. This article documents the mobile sounding capabilities and unique sampling strategies employed during MPEX.

Conclusions and Recommendations

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-252
Author(s):  
William Douglas Woody ◽  
Krista D. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Police Interrogation

This final chapter provides an array of recommendations that address individual factors, interactions, and the totality of the circumstances. The authors recommend continuing education about interviews, interrogation, and confession for police, attorneys, judges, and others. The authors then provide recommendations for these processes, including mandatory video-recording, protections for vulnerable suspects, management of investigatory biases, the elimination of deception, and other reforms as well as an endorsement of nondeceptive and nonconfrontation interrogation tactics. The authors propose a series of legal changes, including actions by courts and legislatures, greater incorporation of expert testimony, and conviction integrity units. The book closes with recommendations for scholars and a review of the totality of the circumstances of police interrogation and confession in the United States.

Frequency of church attendance in Australia and the United States: models of family resemblance

Twin Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Kirk ◽  
HH Maes ◽  
MC Neale ◽  
AC Heath ◽  
NG Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Family Resemblance ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Paternal Effects ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Australian Sample

AbstractData on frequency of church attendance have been obtained from separate cohorts of twins and their families from the USA and Australia (29 063 and 20 714 individuals from 5670 and 5615 families, respectively). The United States sample displayed considerably higher frequency of attendance at church services. Sources of family resemblance for this trait also differed between the Australian and US data, but both indicated significant additive genetic and shared environment effects on church attendance, with minor contributions from twin environment, assortative mating and parent–offspring environmental transmission. Principal differences between the populations were in greater maternal environmental effects in the US sample, as opposed to paternal effects in the Australian sample, and smaller shared environment effects observed for both women and men in the US cohort.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Severity among Women of Reproductive Age with Symptomatic Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 by Pregnancy Status – United States, Jan 1, 2020 – Sep 30, 2021

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Strid ◽  
Lauren B. Zapata ◽  
Van T. Tong ◽  
Laura D. Zambrano ◽  
Kate R. Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Risk Ratios

Abstract Importance: Pregnant people are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 compared with nonpregnant people. Limited information is available on the severity of COVID-19 attributable to the Delta variant, the predominant variant in the United States as of late June 2021, among pregnant persons.Objective: To assess risk for severe COVID-19 by pregnancy status and time period relative to Delta variant predominance. Design: Using a cross-sectional design, we describe characteristics of symptomatic women of reproductive age (WRA) with COVID-19 and calculate adjusted risk ratios for severe disease comparing pregnant with nonpregnant WRA during the pre-Delta period (January 1, 2020 – June 26, 2021) and the Delta period (June 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Additionally, we calculate adjusted risk ratios for severe disease comparing the Delta period with the pre-Delta period for pregnant and nonpregnant WRA.Setting: Reports of COVID-19 in the United States occurring from January 1, 2020 ─ September 30, 2021, submitted to the CDC.Participants: Pregnant and nonpregnant women aged 15-44 years.Exposure(s): Laboratory-confirmed, symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.Main Outcome(s): Severe disease: (intensive care unit [ICU] admission, receipt of invasive ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO], and death).Results: Among 1,856,428 cases of symptomatic COVID-19 in WRA, the risk for severe disease was increased among pregnant compared with nonpregnant WRA during the pre-Delta and Delta periods. Compared with the pre-Delta period, the risk of ICU admission during the Delta period was 66% higher (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.66, 95% CI: 1.34-2.06) for pregnant WRA and 23% higher (aRR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12-1.35) for nonpregnant WRA. The risk of invasive ventilation or ECMO was higher for pregnant and nonpregnant WRA in the Delta period. During the Delta period, the risk of death was 3.40 (95% CI: 2.36-4.91) times the risk in the pre-Delta period among pregnant WRA and 1.96 (95% CI: 1.75-2.18) among nonpregnant WRA. Conclusions and Relevance: The overall risk for severe COVID-19 among WRA remains low; however, symptomatic pregnant WRA remain at increased risk for severe outcomes compared with symptomatic nonpregnant WRA during Delta variant predominance. Compared with the pre-Delta period, pregnant and nonpregnant WRA are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 in the Delta period.

scholarly journals Kiat Belajar Sistem Gerak Karakter Animasi

Humaniora ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Dignitya Indraswari
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
The United States ◽  
System Planning ◽  
Walt Disney ◽  
Motion System ◽  
Animated Characters

Every animator has a different way of planning to make animated characters motion system. Planning makes animation can be done by making the timing including with the drawing motion pose options on the character, making self-video recording contained own acting choices, and studying references in accordance with the animation that will be created. Creating animated characters requires skills in image selection, acting, and timing. Before going through the process of making animation, an animator must know and understand the characters and situations in a scene. Every movement and action should have a reason to show the personality of the characters in order to complete the story supports. In addition to the nature of the characters, an animator also needs to know the situation in a scene. Many animators use animation principles that have been developed by Walt Disney Studios, USA, to improve their animated creations. Yet, many animators also develop their animated creations using principles that have been developed in Japan. However, the discussion in this paper is the animation using the principles developed in the United States. 

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