scholarly journals Earth-Man Degradation In Corasanti's The Almond Tree: An Eco Critical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (III) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Iqra Khadam ◽  
Amna Aziz ◽  
Faiza Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Natural World ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Almond Tree ◽  
The World ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Relationship

This article finds out the relationship between nature and human beings. Nature is being damaged by advanced technology as well as by human beings. Glotfelty (1996) presents his idea that it is the relation of living organisms to their environment that bring changes in the surroundings. We have seen the loss of humanity in this age of science and advancement. The Almond Tree by Michelle Cohen Corasanti (2012) is about the conflict between Palestine and Israel. For this purpose, the research is done from Eco Criticism lenses. Both physical and natural world shares close relations. The urgency of examining literature from an ecological point of view has increased due to the present environmental crisis which has swept the globe. This research leads to the conclusion that there must be peace and harmony in the world by being friendly not only with other human beings but with the environment as well.

scholarly journals RETHINKING THE OTHER FOR MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION – FOCUSED ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF BUBER AND LEVINAS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungeun Choi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Ethics ◽  
The Relationship

The number of foreigners residing in Korea exceeded 2.5 million for the first time ever. As the ratio of foreigners to the total population approaches 5%, it is evaluated that Korea has actually entered a multicultural society. It is known that among the types of foreigners staying there are many young foreigners who visit Korea for the purpose of employment. The number of marriage immigrants was 16,025, an increase of 4.3% from the previous year. Of these, 82.6% were women. Entering a multicultural society in a situation where empathy for each other is insufficient can lead to social conflict. In particular, in the COVID-19 pandemic, hostility toward foreigners is more prevalent, and hatred for strangers is increasing. This study critically analyzes these social phenomena and seeks to raise the philosophical basis for multicultural education by establishing a concept with a new perspective on the other. This paper focuses on the philosophy of Buber and Levinas. By establishing 'I and You' as a meeting, Buber presented a new relationship with others. Meanwhile, Levinas emphasized human ethics and responsibility as the absolute and infinite being of the other. According to Buber, in the world there is a relationship between 'I-You' and 'I-It', and in order to live a true life, you must establish a relationship between 'I and you'. The relationship between 'I and it' is a temporary and mechanical relationship where objects can be replaced at any time by looking at the world from an instrumental point of view. However, the relationship between 'I and You' is a relationship that faces each other personally, and the only 'I' that cannot be changed with anything and the 'You' that cannot be replaced exist in deep trust. In phenomenology of otherness, Levinas intends to describe the encounter with the something outside the subject. The concepts of possession, distinctiveness and understanding are replaced by those of approaches, proximity, care and fecundity. In Korean society, a policy that seeks to use foreigners as human resources and, especially in the case of marriage immigrant women, as a solution to a society with low birthrates along with the labor force, shows how society treats others. Therefore, multicultural education must rethink the existence and dignity of human beings through the perspective of the other as asserted in the philosophy of Buber and Levinas.

scholarly journals MyĶlenie relacyjne, inkluzyjne w dobie kryzysu klimatycznego

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Piotr Skubała ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Relational Thinking ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The World ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
The Relationship

Climate change caused by excessive emissions of greenhouse gases is becoming, along with excessive exploitation of the environment, agriculture and urbani-zation, one of the main threats to life on Earth and our civilization. Although we have known about the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and the rise of the average temperature on Earth since end of the 20th century, it was only after nearly 100 years that we took international action to reduce this phenomenon. We are looking at the closing window and the question arises whether we will be able to react and stave oȮ the climate crisis. We know what immediate actions are needed, but we do not take them. It seems that a neces-sary condition for doing the work of repairing the world is a complete change in the way we view the natural world. It must be based on relational thinking, emphasize mutual relationships, the interdependence of man and nature, hu-man beings and non-human beings.

Kūkai and Dōgen as Exemplars of Ecological Engagement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Relationship ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Japanese Buddhism ◽  
The World ◽  
Responsible Manner

The current environmental crisis is largely due to a particular conception of the human relationship to nature. Common in anthropocentric traditions of Western thought, this view depicts human beings as separate from, and superior to, all other beings in the natural world. Traditional East Asian understandings of this relationship are quite different and remarkably unanthropocentric, especially as exemplified in the ideas of Chinese Daoism and Japanese Buddhism. The human-nature relationship in the philosophies of Kūkai (aka Kōbō Daishi, 774–835) and Dōgen (1200–1253) offers a notion of somatic practice designed to bring about a transformation of experience. Both thinkers advocate philosophy as a way of life that can help us to engage the world in an ecologically responsible manner.

scholarly journals Ecological Perspectives in Linus T. Asong’s No Way to Die

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Danlami Amadou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ecological Vision ◽  
The World ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Wave

Given the environmental crisis plaguing the world, this paper investigates the manner in which Linus Asong represents man’s link with nature in the novel No Way to Die. It attempts to provide an answer to the following question: how does Linus Asong portray the contact between man and nature? The work is based on the premise that the Cameroonian author depicts the relationship between human beings and other elements of the ecosystem with perspectives for improvement for the benefit of both man and nature. Second Wave Ecocriticism, as outlined by Lawrence Buell, is used to bring out novelist’s ecological vision which posits that human beings need to improve their relationship with, or treatment of, other elements of nature so that the rapidly degrading ecosystem is saved. Keywords: Environment, Fiction, Ecocriticism, Degradation, Protection, Vision

scholarly journals An Ecocritical Reading of Selected Poems of Muhammad Haji Salleh

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Hamoud Yahya Ahmed ◽  
◽  
Ruzy Suliza Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ecological Consciousness ◽  
The World ◽  
Human World ◽  
Literature And Environment ◽  
The Relationship

Ecocriticism is concerned with the relationship between literature and environment or how the relationships between humans and their physical world are reflected in literature. In this paper, we attempt to analyse selected poems of Muhammad Haji Salleh using some concepts from ecocriticism as an analytical lens. The premise of this paper is based on the poet’s symbiotic relationship which has become a significant feature of his work. Using six of his nature poems to exhibit Muhammad’s idea of mutual relationship between the human world and the natural world of environment, we show the poet’s concern about the slightest interference of human beings into the world of nature which results in the disruption of human-nature relationship. Muhammad Haji Salleh does not limit himself to presenting the brighter and darker side of nature, rather he has gone a step further to reveal the very concept of ecosystem and reflect the blossoming of ecological consciousness in modern Malaysian society. This approach of reading Muhammad Haji Salleh exhibits the current interest in the environment and the ways in which it has to be treated with respect and love. By explicating the intrinsic features of nature in his selected poems, we can inculcate environmental awareness and inspire ecological consciousness among people in Malaysia and elsewhere in the world. Keywords: Ecocriticism, ecosystem, interrelationship, ecological consciousness, poetry and Muhammad Haji Salleh

scholarly journals Environmental Ethics: Catalyst for Human/ Nature Relationship in “A White Heron”

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Yashoda Chaulagain
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Natural Domain ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Mother Earth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

All the life forms have fundamental right to live in this universe. Human beings have duties, rights, and responsibilities towards the non-humans, and natural world. By not having a systematic and comprehensive account regarding the relationship between humans and the natural world, human beings are denying the importance of the life forms of other creatures in the world. Hence, the present research attempts to analyze the biocentric relationship of human beings with nature and its stewardship by being aware and knowledgeable of the world around them and protecting the world species. The study further argues the cooperative mechanism and symbiotic relationship between nature and human beings in this natural domain with reference to Jewett’s protagonist, Sylvia, who represents the symbol of mother earth by saving White Heron from the hunter. She restricts the Hunter to mastery over it. In addition, the work encompasses the conflict of nature with civilization by portraying the relationship of Sylvia, who preserves nature, from a foreigner, the Hunter who is concomitant with the danger of civilization. The Hunter who tracks the White Heron is from the city and hence stained by civilizations, sees nature is a place to exploit and desires the White Heron as another piece of his collection. In this sense, Sylvia represents herself true lover and preserver of the natural world and the Hunter is considered in complete opposition to the tranquility of the woodland.

scholarly journals Topography in the Timaeus: Plato and Augustine on mankind's place in the natural world

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 104-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Material World ◽  
Moral Position ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Bull's Eye ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper I shall be considering the relationship between the shape or structure of the world and the moral position occupied by human beings, particularly with regard to man's attitude towards and use of the natural resources of the material world he inhabits.1. The shape of the worldThere are two basic spatial metaphors that we frequently use in analysing notions of value and morality: one is the scale of up and down, with high and low or top and bottom as alternative ways of referring to the same type of hierarchy; the other is the notion of a centre, the bull's eye: if we are self-centred we value ourselves more highly than other things; if we have an anthropocentric view we value humanity above other animals. Thus we usually suppose that we put whatever we value most highly (on the one set of metaphors) at ‘the centre of things’ (on the other set).

A Māori Girl Watches, Listens, and Learns – Coming of Age from an Indigenous Viewpoint: Mauri (Merata Mita, 1988)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Fox
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Indigenous Woman ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Force ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines Merata Mita’s Mauri, the first fiction feature film in the world to be solely written and directed by an indigenous woman, as an example of “Fourth Cinema” – that is, a form of filmmaking that aims to create, produce, and transmit the stories of indigenous people, and in their own image – showing how Mita presents the coming-of-age story of a Māori girl who grows into an understanding of the spiritual dimension of the relationship of her people to the natural world, and to the ancestors who have preceded them. The discussion demonstrates how the film adopts storytelling procedures that reflect a distinctively Māori view of time and are designed to signify the presence of the mauri (or life force) in the Māori world.

Evolution of the Roman Republican Senate: Composition, Election, and Judicial functions (Part 1)

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
L. L. Kofanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Supreme Council ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The World ◽  
Judicial Authority ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gradual Transformation

The paper deals with the Roman senatus in the period from 5th to 3rd century BC, from the point of view of its composition, completion and selected competences. As to its composition, in the most arcaic times of the Roman state, the senate was an assembly of the heads of clans (patres gentium), who represented the ideas of patricians. The autor presents gradual transformation of the composition of the senate and switch towards the inclusion of the plebeians. It describes also the process of the cooptation of the members, rules of which incurred fundamental changes from the hereditary principles to the regulation given by statutes. A significant part of the article is devoted to the judicial functions of the Senate and the relationship between the iudicium senatus and the iudicium populi, the transformation of the Senate court from a regional body to the highest, global court of the entire Mediterranean. It’s noted that if the original Roman Senate de iure was the judicial authority only one of the Latin Confederation, later after 338 BC, it becomes the Supreme court of the Latin Union, and by the end of the Republic is transformed into the «Supreme Council of the world».

The Question of Disclosure in Photography

Glimpse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Junichiro Inutsuka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Epistemic Value ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Technological Environment ◽  
Cognitive Transformation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Keeping aside discussions about theories of depiction of photography and the epistemic value of photography from the viewer’s perspective, I reconsider this techne from the photographers’ entire act of photographing. It presents the quest of the possibility to regain the world by the art of photography, especially in a situation where human consciousness of the living environment is overwhelmed by the photographic effects. The nature of the current technological environment—while disguising the manifestation of pure humanity, in the sense that it is the externalization of technology due to human nature—is completely destructive. Today, trying to save or regenerate philosophy should be nothing more than seeking a way for human beings to refuse being incorporated as an automaton in an endless track of automated reproduction processes. As one of those who wish to find a way to reconstruct the relationship between humans and nature or to reveal that human existence can only be established in such correlation, I seek a way of breathing human freedom, momentarily disputing this automated living and social environment. In other words, to regain or to play the art of photography, to unsettle what usually works as concrete support for the cognitive transformation making us unconsciously think of the technological environment as something inevitable and natural. It would be presenting a temporary retreat and a more positive way forward.

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