Locating the foramen ovale by using molar and inter-eminence planes: a guide for percutaneous trigeminal neuralgia procedures

OBJECTIVEThe first attempt to cannulate the foramen ovale is oftentimes unsuccessful and requires subsequent reattempts, thereby increasing the risk of an adverse event and radiation exposure to the patient and surgeon. Failure in cannulation may be attributable to variation in soft-tissue–based landmarks used for needle guidance. Also, the incongruity between guiding marks on the face and bony landmarks visible on fluoroscopic images may also complicate cannulation. Therefore, the object of this study was to assess the location of the foramen ovale by way of bony landmarks, exclusive of soft-tissue guidance.METHODSA total of 817 foramina ovalia (411 left-sided, 406 right-sided) from cranial base images of 424 dry crania were included in the study. The centroid point of each foramen ovale was identified. A sagittal plane through the posterior-most molar (molar plane) and a coronal plane passing through the articular eminences of the temporal bones (inter-eminence plane) were superimposed on images. The distances of the planes from the centroids of the foramina were measured. Also, counts were taken to assess how often the planes and their intersections crossed the boundary of the foramen ovale.RESULTSThe average distance between the molar plane and the centroid of the foramen was 1.53 ± 1.24 mm (mean ± SD). The average distance between the inter-eminence plane and the centroid was 1.69 ± 1.49 mm. The molar and inter-eminence planes crossed through the foramen ovale boundary 83.7% (684/817) and 81.6% (667/817) of the time, respectively. The molar and inter-eminence planes passed through the boundary of the foramen together 73.5% (302/411) of the time. The molar and inter-eminence planes intersected within the boundary of the foramen half of the time (49.4%; 404/817).CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study provide a novel means of identifying the location of the foramen ovale. Unlike the soft-tissue landmarks used in the many variations of the route of Härtel, the bony landmarks identified in this study can be palpated, marked on the face, appreciated fluoroscopically, and do not require any measurement from soft-tissue structures. Utilizing the molar and inter-eminence planes as cannulation guides will improve the approach to the foramen ovale and decrease the amount of radiation exposure to both the patient and surgeon.

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Maxillofacial Bony Considerations in Facial Transplantation

Facial Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1726443 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aurora G. Vincent ◽

Anne E. Gunter ◽

Yadranko Ducic ◽

Likith Reddy

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Current Literature ◽

Preoperative Planning ◽

Surgical Anatomy ◽

The Past ◽

Facial Transplantation ◽

Tissue Transfer ◽

Reconstructive Ladder ◽

The Face ◽

Facial Wounds

AbstractAlloplastic facial transplantation has become a new rung on the proverbial reconstructive ladder for severe facial wounds in the past couple of decades. Since the first transfer including bony components in 2006, numerous facial allotransplantations across many countries have been successfully performed, many incorporating multiple bony elements of the face. There are many unique considerations to facial transplantation of bone, however, beyond the considerations of simple soft tissue transfer. Herein, we review the current literature and considerations specific to bony facial transplantation focusing on the pertinent surgical anatomy, preoperative planning needs, intraoperative harvest and inset considerations, and postoperative protocols.

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Esthetic Considerations in Orthodontics: An Overview

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1726473 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Swati Singh ◽

Litesh Singla ◽

Tanya Anand

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Dental Occlusion ◽

Facial Profile ◽

Mandibular Plane ◽

The Face ◽

Facial Proportions ◽

Posterior Position ◽

Anterior Posterior ◽

The Ideal

Abstract Esthetics has been an ever-evolving concept and has gained considerable importance in the field of orthodontics in the last few decades. The re-emergence of the soft tissue paradigm has further catapulted the interest of the orthodontist. So much so that achieving a harmonious profile and an esthetically pleasing smile has become the ideal goal of treatment and is no longer secondary to achieving a functional dental occlusion and/or a rigid adherence to skeletal and dental norms. Esthetics in the orthodontic sense can be divided into three categories: macroesthetics, miniesthetics, and microesthetics. Macroesthetics includes the evaluation of the face and involves frontal assessment and profile analysis. The frontal assessment involves assessment of facial proportions, while the profile analysis involves evaluation of anterior–posterior position of jaws, mandibular plane, and incisor prominence and lip posture. Miniesthetics involves study of the smile framework involving the vertical tooth–lip relationship, smile type, transverse dimensions of smile, smile arc, and midline. Microesthetics involves the assessment of tooth proportions, height-width relationships, connectors and embrasures, gingival contours and heights, and tooth shade and color. The harmony between these factors enables an orthodontist to achieve the idealized esthetic result and hence these parameters deserve due consideration. The importance placed on a pleasing profile cannot be undermined and the orthodontist should aim for a harmonious facial profile over rigid adherence to standard average cephalometric norms. This article aims to give an overview of the macro, mini, and microesthetic considerations in relation to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.

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Quantifying Worry in the Face of Uncertainty: Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jmir.2016.11.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael Coppolino ◽

Andrew L. Avins ◽

Andrew Callen ◽

Walton Sumner

Keyword(s):

Medical Imaging ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

The Face

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Noma and Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Face and Neck

Facial Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1722894 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lauren E. Miller ◽

David A. Shaye

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Neck Region ◽

Superficial Fascia ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections ◽

The Face

AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis (NF) is part of the class of necrotizing soft tissue infections characterized by rapid fascial spread and necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and superficial fascia. If left untreated, NF can rapidly deteriorate into multiorgan shock and systemic failure. NF most commonly infects the trunk and lower extremities, although it can sometimes present in the head and neck region. This review provides an overview of NF as it relates specifically to the head and neck region, including its associated clinical features and options for treatment. Noma, a related but relatively unknown disease, is then described along with its relationship with severe poverty.

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‘N-Angle’: Clinical Indicator for Predictable Insertion of Ramal Bone Screws

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/0301574221991947 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030157422199194

Author(s):

Vivek J Patni ◽

Neeraj E Kolge ◽

Madhura J Pednekar

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Average Distance ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Bone Screws ◽

Neurovascular Bundle ◽

Primary Concern ◽

Bone Screw ◽

Permanent Molars ◽

Secondary Objective ◽

Margin Of Safety

Introduction: The primary concern in the placement of ramal bone screws is the blind nature of the procedure, as there is a thick, mobile layer of soft tissue over the bone; also, the ramus is not a uniplanar structure but is swerving like a propeller blade. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of establishing clinical guidelines based on visible dental and soft-tissue landmarks for safe, reliable, and accurate insertion of ramal bone screws. Aims and Objectives: Our primary objective was to evaluate the angle formed between the appropriate direction of ramal-implant placement and the line tangential to the buccal surfaces of the first and second permanent molars. Our secondary objective was to evaluate the average distance of the neurovascular bundle from the tip of the bone screw. Materials and Methods: We obtained 80 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) samples, marked reference lines and points on selected axial and coronal sections, and evaluated the following parameters using the software’s linear- and angular-measurement device: the angle between the appropriate direction of ramal bone screw placement and the line tangential to the buccal surfaces of the first and second permanent molars; and the proximity of the bone screw to the neurovascular bundle. Results: The angle between the constructed line of insertion and the occlusal line, as evaluated from our study, was 19.04 (SD ± 6.89) degrees. The proximity of the neurovascular bundle from the screw is 7.1773 (SD ± 1.73988) mm. Conclusion: We can conclude that ramal bone screws can be placed with a comfortable margin of safety.

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Research on a Face Real-time Tracking Algorithm Based on Particle Filter Multi-Feature Fusion

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19051245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tao Wang ◽

Wen Wang ◽

Hui Liu ◽

Tianping Li

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Particle Filter ◽

Skin Color ◽

Feature Fusion ◽

Average Distance ◽

Histogram Method ◽

Face Features ◽

The Face ◽

Edge Features ◽

Tracking Object

With the revolutionary development of cloud computing and internet of things, the integration and utilization of “big data” resources is a hot topic of the artificial intelligence research. Face recognition technology information has the advantages of being non-replicable, non-stealing, simple and intuitive. Video face tracking in the context of big data has become an important research hotspot in the field of information security. In this paper, a multi-feature fusion adaptive adjustment target tracking window and an adaptive update template particle filter tracking framework algorithm are proposed. Firstly, the skin color and edge features of the face are extracted in the video sequence. The weighted color histogram are extracted which describes the face features. Then we use the integral histogram method to simplify the histogram calculation of the particles. Finally, according to the change of the average distance, the tracking window is adjusted to accurately track the tracking object. At the same time, the algorithm can adaptively update the tracking template which improves the accuracy and accuracy of the tracking. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the tracking effect and has strong robustness in complex backgrounds such as skin color, illumination changes and face occlusion.

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Chronic suppurative mandibular osteomyelitis presenting as soft tissue swelling and trismus: A case report

Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/njms.v2i2.8978 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 197-199

Author(s):

K Ahmad ◽

S Ansari ◽

K Dhungel ◽

MK Gupta ◽

MF Amanullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Clinical Symptom ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Soft Tissue Swelling ◽

The Face ◽

Fascial Spaces ◽

Experience Pain

Osteomyelitis of the mandible is a rare condition and it could be a serious complication of untreated odontogenic infection. Classically, patient with osteomyelitis of the mandible would experience pain and swelling over the affected side of the face. CT is usually indicated when there is extension of the infection into the adjacent soft tissue and fascial spaces which could be the presenting clinical symptom. Hereby, we present a case of mandibular osteomyelitis in an 11 year old girl who presented with pain and swelling in left lower jaw followed by extraction of tooth, diagnosed on CT followed by surgical management. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 197-199 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8978

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Realignment Surgery for Anterior Translation of Talus after Malunited Ankle Fracture

10.21203/rs.2.12098/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xingchen Li ◽

Kai Rong ◽

Yang Xu ◽

Yuan Zhu ◽

Xiangyang Xu

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Ankle Joint ◽

Ankle Fracture ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Tibial Osteotomy ◽

Ankle Osteoarthritis ◽

Anterior Translation ◽

Functional Scores ◽

Weber Type ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background: It is challenging for the clinical management of malunited ankle fracture. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of realignment surgery for anterior translation of talus after malunited ankle fracture and to analyze its. Methods: A total of 11 patients with anterior translation of talus after malunited ankle fractures underwent corrective osteotomy in our institute were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were evaluated with radiological parameters and clinical functional scores. There were 4 patients with Weber type A fracture, 4 patients with Pilon type B fracture and 3 patients with Weber type C fracture. 8/11 patients had impaction on the anterior distal tibial plafond, intra-articular distal tibial osteotomy was performed in these patients, additional bony correction and soft tissue surgery were also performed to achieve congruent ankle joint. Results: The mean age at surgery was 32.8 ± 10.8 (range,16-48) years. The mean follow-up time was 50.5 ± 23.6 (range, 16-80) months. The mean AOFAS-AH score increased from 28.2 ± 19.1preoperatively to 72.5 ± 8.1 points postoperatively(p<0.05), the mean lateral talar station(LTS) improved from 9.2 ± 3.7 preoperatively to 1.5 ± 1.4 mm postoperatively(p<0.05). 10/11 patients had improvement or no worsening ankle osteoarthritis on sagittal plane, while 1 patient had advanced ankle osteoarthritis. Conclusion: A congruent ankle joint in sagittal plane could be achieved by corrective osteotomies with additional soft tissue procedures. The realignment surgery was a valuable treatment option for the salvage of anterior translation of talus after malunited ankle fracture.

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