Effects on speech of chronic cerebellar stimulation in cerebral palsy

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 876-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Ratusnik ◽  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Richard D. Penn ◽  
Sheila Schewitz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Trained Panel ◽  
Vocal Quality ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

✓ Chronic cerebellar stimulation of the anterior lobe is undertaken for relief of motor dysfunction in cerebral palsy, but the effect on speech and vocal ability has been uncertain. The present study evaluated speech before cerebellar stimulation and during the immediate postoperative period in seven severely spastic/athetoid patients with congenital cerebral palsy and one patient with traumatic brain damage. Structured listening tasks were completed in blind fashion by a trained panel of speech pathologists. Group analysis revealed no significant improvement in speech intelligibility or articulatory accuracy after stimulation. With the exception of strain/strangle vocal quality, which improved considerably, vocal characteristics were not affected by cerebellar stimulation. In three of eight patients, however, improvement in certain speech characteristics was noted.

Chronic cerebellar stimulation and developmental reflexes

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Penn ◽  
Mary Liz Etzel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Chronic Stimulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motor Disabilities ◽  
Primitive Reflexes ◽  
Developmental Scale ◽  
Motor Retardation ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

✓ The changes in motor function in cerebral palsy patients produced by chronic anterior lobe cerebellar stimulation were documented with the Milani-Comparetti developmental scale, which allows comparison between functional gains and reflex patterns. Two patients with marked motor retardation and primitive reflexes were followed serially over several months of stimulation. Using these measures, the efficiency of chronic stimulation can be assessed, although many years will be needed to evaluate its role in treating motor disabilities.

Long-Term Effects on Speech of Chronic Cerebellar Stimulation in Cerebral Palsy

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
David L. Ratusnik ◽  
Richard D. Penn
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
One Year ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

Chronic cerebellar stimulation (CCS) of the anterior lobe is undertaken for relief of motor dysfunction in cerebral palsy, but the long-term effect on speech and voice has been uncertain. The present study evaluated speech before cerebellar stimulation and between one year and two years, seven months following stimulation in nine patients with congenital cerebral palsy and one patient with traumatic brain damage. Severity of dysarthria was not significantly altered as assessed by a panel of listeners. No patient demonstrated deterioration in speech. Only two of the 10 patients showed small positive changes in the majority of parameters evaluated including rate, articulation, and voice.

Cerebellar stimulation in man

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Penn ◽  
Gerald L. Gottlieb ◽  
Gyan C. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
New Method ◽  
Muscle Rigidity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Stretch Reflexes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

✓ The effects of chronic anterior lobe cerebellar stimulation on patients with cerebral palsy have been investigated using a new method of quantifying muscle rigidity and stretch reflexes. The ankle is oscillated sinusoidally, compliance is measured at several frequencies, and electromyographic activity of the extensor and flexor muscles is recorded. In some patients stimulation can reduce rigidity and coactivation of muscles immediately or slowly over days or months. In others no change is found.

Chronic cerebellar stimulation for cerebral palsy

1980 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Penn ◽  
Barbara M. Myklebust ◽  
Gerald L. Gottlieb ◽  
Gyan C. Agarwal ◽  
Mary E. Etzel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Standardized Assessments ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chronic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Objective Tests ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

✓ The effects of chronic electrical stimulation of the cerebellum in patients with cerebral palsy have been studied using objective tests of joint compliance, and standardized assessments of developmental reflexes and motor skills. Of 14 patients studied prospectively for 1 to 44 months, 11 showed improvement in motor function. A double-blind test of 10 patients off and on stimulation for an average 8-week period showed no significant changes. Thus, we have no proof that the functional improvements seen with long-term stimulation are the result of cerebellar stimulation.

scholarly journals Dysarthria in Mandarin-Speaking Children With Cerebral Palsy: Speech Subsystem Profiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Mei Chen ◽  
Katherine C. Hustad ◽  
Ray D. Kent ◽  
Yu Ching Lin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Speech Patterns ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Sentence Intelligibility ◽  
Children's Speech

Purpose This study explored the speech characteristics of Mandarin-speaking children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing (TD) children to determine (a) how children in the 2 groups may differ in their speech patterns and (b) the variables correlated with speech intelligibility for words and sentences. Method Data from 6 children with CP and a clinical diagnosis of moderate dysarthria were compared with data from 9 TD children using a multiple speech subsystems approach. Acoustic and perceptual variables reflecting 3 speech subsystems (articulatory-phonetic, phonatory, and prosodic), and speech intelligibility, were measured based on speech samples obtained from the Test of Children's Speech Intelligibility in Mandarin (developed in the lab for the purpose of this research). Results The CP and TD children differed in several aspects of speech subsystem function. Speech intelligibility scores in children with CP were influenced by all 3 speech subsystems, but articulatory-phonetic variables had the highest correlation with word intelligibility. All 3 subsystems influenced sentence intelligibility. Conclusion Children with CP demonstrated deficits in speech intelligibility and articulation compared with TD children. Better speech sound articulation influenced higher word intelligibility, but did not benefit sentence intelligibility.

Cerebellar stimulation for cerebral palsy

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Keith Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sham Stimulation ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

✓ Eight children with cerebral palsy, who had implanted cerebellar stimulators, were evaluated by a panel of six experienced physicians in a double-blind cross-over experiment with 3-week periods of real and sham stimulation. Neither the panel of physicians nor the patients could tell whether the stimulators were operating or not.

Deep anterior cerebellar stimulation reduces symptoms of secondary dystonia in patients with cerebral palsy treated due to spasticity

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Sokal ◽  
Marcin Rudaś ◽  
Marek Harat ◽  
Łukasz Szylberg ◽  
Piotr Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Secondary Dystonia ◽  
Cerebellar Stimulation

Cognitive function in tetraplegic cerebral palsy with severe motor dysfunction

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 562-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Strauss ◽  
Lewis Rosenbloom ◽  
Steven Day ◽  
Robert Shavelle
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Severe Motor

How closeness matters: the role of geographical proximity in social capital development and knowledge sharing in SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pollawat Chumnangoon ◽  
Anukal Chiralaksanakul ◽  
Asda Chintakananda
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Structural Dimension ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Capital Development

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impacts of geographical proximity on social capital development through the inter-relationship between three social capital dimensions (structural, relational and cognitive dimension) and the knowledge sharing between small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors empirically test a main hypothesis that the mechanism of social capital development that subsequently results in tacit knowledge sharing is different for SME buyer-supplier partners across their different geographical distances. Design/methodology/approach Multiple-group analysis in structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to test the research hypotheses using data collected from approximately 200 SMEs in Thailand’s food industry. Findings At a great geographical distance, the structural dimension impacts the cognitive dimension only in an indirect way through a relational dimension, which subsequently leads to knowledge sharing between SME buyer-supplier partners. At close geographical proximity, while the indirect impact of structural dimension on cognitive dimension through a relational dimension is still presented as it is in a great geographical distance, structural dimension has a positive and direct impact on the cognitive dimension as a complementary way to jointly reinforce knowledge sharing between SME partners. Among distant SME partners, the relational dimension shows a stronger impact on the cognitive dimension. In contrast, the direct influence of structural, relational and cognitive dimensions on knowledge sharing is identical, regardless of geographical distance. Practical implications The managers of SMEs can design their network-building approach in such a way that different location partners can enhance knowledge sharing. Policymakers could consider these results as a guideline when imposing SME development policies and geographical cluster policies in emerging economies. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence that demonstrates how geographical proximity between SME partners in an emerging economy influences their social proximity through the lens of social capital development mechanism and thus leads to knowledge sharing between them.

The impact of the institutional environment and experience on social entrepreneurship: a multi-group analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezlika M. Ghazali ◽  
Dilip S. Mutum ◽  
Haleh Hakim Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis study presents a framework for integrating distinct perspectives on social entrepreneurship by combining institutional theory with the social entrepreneurship intention model. The framework assesses the relationships between social support and the perceived feasibility and desirability of social entrepreneurship, the relationships between social support and the institutional environments of social workers, and the moderating role of prior experience of social work and volunteering.Design/methodology/approachThe model was tested using 266 validated responses from an online and paper-based survey distributed among social workers. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data, and multi-group analysis was conducted to examine the moderation effects.FindingsThe findings indicate that experience moderates the relationships between the regulatory and cognitive environments, cognitive environments and social support, and social support and perceived feasibility. Experience negatively moderates the relationship between the normative environment and social support.Practical implicationsActive government involvement in the form of incentives and financial support would encourage the creation of social ventures.Social implicationsEducational programmes are also necessary to help raise awareness and increase the familiarity and knowledge of potential social entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe study analyses the effects of institutional environmental components, recognised as highly influential on the development of social entrepreneurship, as well as the impact of perceived social support on the antecedents of the perceived desirability and feasibility of social entrepreneurship. It also addresses how social work experience modifies these relationships. Contrary to previous studies, the findings suggest that increasing social work experience isolates entrepreneurs from their environment.

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